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  1. DATE: May 10, 2026 at 06:00PM
    SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG

    ** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
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    TITLE: The age you have your first child predicts your long-term educational and financial success

    URL: psypost.org/the-age-you-have-y

    Becoming a parent at a younger age tends to be linked with poorer long-term financial, educational, and physical health outcomes that only begin to level out if a person delays having a child until their late twenties or early thirties. A recent study published in the journal PLOS One provides evidence that having a child early in life disrupts standard life transitions, creating persistent disadvantages that follow parents well into adulthood. These findings suggest that public support programs aimed at young parents might be more effective if they included individuals up to age thirty.

    Scientists Jordan MacDonald and David Speed designed this study to explore the specific age at which the negative impacts of early parenthood begin to stabilize. Previous research typically placed teenage parents into a single rigid category, which ignored the exact age a person had their first child.

    For MacDonald, a psychology researcher and doctoral candidate at the University of New Brunswick, the motivation to pursue this topic was highly personal. “I became a father at 17, and across school, work, social groups, and many other areas of life, I noticed that people often held quite pessimistic views of teen parents,” MacDonald said. “At the time, I found myself wondering why societal attitudes toward teen parents were so negative.”

    “As I found my way into academia and research, I was naturally drawn to questions about teen parenthood,” MacDonald explained. “When I began reading the existing literature, I realized that even the scientific research had important limitations.”

    MacDonald noticed that the scientific literature favored the experiences of young mothers. “Much of it focused primarily on young mothers, often excluding teen fathers entirely, and many studies treated teen parents as a single, uniform group,” MacDonald said. “For example, someone who became a parent at 17 might be grouped together with someone who became a parent at 14, even though those experiences may be very different.”

    “Recognizing these gaps led me to examine how the age at which someone becomes a parent, as well as gender, may be associated with different long-term outcomes,” MacDonald noted.

    Early parenthood is often linked to various societal challenges, such as poverty, limited access to contraception, and lower quality education. Cultural and religious backgrounds can also influence a young person’s choices regarding family planning. While teenage pregnancy rates are trending downward in Canada, parents under the age of 25 still accounted for nearly ten percent of all new parents in the country in 2023.

    To investigate these long-term patterns, the researchers analyzed data from the 2017 Statistics Canada General Social Survey. This nationwide survey collects self-reported information on family topics from people across Canada’s ten provinces. The final sample included 6,282 adults who had biological children. The scientists calculated the exact age each participant was when their first biological child was born.

    The researchers excluded parents whose oldest children were adopted or stepchildren. This decision ensured they were accurately measuring the impact of entering parenthood at a specific biological age. Adopting a teenager at age thirty, for instance, would falsely categorize someone as a very young parent if the child’s age was simply subtracted from the parent’s current age.

    The researchers examined several distinct life outcomes to build a broad profile of each participant. These measures included educational achievement, personal income, household income, self-rated physical health, self-rated mental health, and overall life satisfaction. Participants reported their highest level of education and their total income before taxes. They also rated their general physical and mental health on a scale ranging from poor to excellent.

    To analyze the data, the scientists used a statistical technique called restricted cubic spline regression. This tool allows researchers to model curved relationships in data rather than assuming changes happen in a straight line. By doing this, they could pinpoint exactly when life outcomes started to improve or flatten out as the age of parenthood increased.

    The scientists found that the age of parenthood is heavily linked to educational success. Only about 40 percent of people who became parents at age 16 achieved any education beyond high school. As the age of first-time parenthood increased, the likelihood of completing post-secondary education rose rapidly. This upward trend in educational success tended to plateau around age 31, after which the gains were much smaller.

    A similar pattern emerged for financial stability. Individuals who had their first child at age 16 had the highest probability of falling into the lowest income bracket, earning less than 25,000 Canadian dollars a year. The probability of earning a higher personal and household income increased significantly as people delayed having children. The financial benefits of waiting to have a child leveled off between the ages of 26 and 31.

    Household income showed highly pronounced patterns at the upper end of the earning scale. People who had a child at age 16 had the lowest probability of living in a household earning 125,000 Canadian dollars or more. The chance of reaching this top income bracket sloped upwards for those who delayed parenthood, peaking for individuals who had their first child around age 29. After age 29, the probability of reaching this highest income bracket slowly declined.

    The researchers also discovered that having children at younger ages was associated with poorer self-rated physical health. People who became parents in their teens or early twenties reported worse physical health later in life. This negative association improved steadily for those who delayed parenthood, stabilizing around age 26. Mental health followed a straighter pattern, with older first-time parents reporting slightly better mental health overall without a specific plateau.

    Interestingly, life satisfaction did not seem to change based on the age someone became a parent. People reported similar levels of overall happiness regardless of when they had their first child. The authors suggest this might be due to a clustering of high scores. The average response for life satisfaction was around eight on a ten-point scale across all groups, which might have masked subtle differences.

    “The findings show that the younger someone is when they become a parent, the more likely they are to experience long-term challenges, including not finishing high school, reporting poorer health, and having lower income across the lifespan,” MacDonald said. “These patterns were similar for teen and young fathers and teen and young mothers.”

    The authors caution that these results highlight systemic barriers rather than personal failures. “However, these findings do not mean that teen or young parents cannot succeed,” MacDonald explained. “They mean that success may become much more difficult without support.”

    “Some people may interpret these findings as confirmation of pessimistic views about teen and young parents,” MacDonald continued. “I would encourage them to think about the issue more meaningfully. Teen and young parents, regardless of how they became parents or whether others approve of their situation, are not ‘doomed to fail.’ But they may face much greater barriers if the people and institutions around them do not offer support.”

    Providing structural and community assistance appears to be a necessary step for these young families. “Teenagers and young adults are more likely to succeed when their communities support them,” MacDonald said. “Their futures, and the futures of their children, are shaped in part by how parents, teachers, adults, schools, and communities respond to them.”

    “Contraception and sexual education are important tools for preventing unwanted or early pregnancies,” MacDonald emphasized. “But once a young person has become a parent, the response should not be judgment and abandonment. We would not say to a child with a broken foot, ‘I told you not to do that, good luck fixing it.’ In the same way, we should not say to a teen or young adult with a child, ‘I told you not to do that, good luck in life.'”

    The findings provide evidence for a concept known as liminality theory. A liminal period is a transitional phase in life, such as moving from high school to adulthood or shifting from living with parents to living independently. When a person takes on the demands of parenthood during one of these sensitive transitions, their personal development can stall.

    Because of this disruption, a young person might struggle to finish their education or establish a career. The researchers suggest that young parents often become stuck in the specific phase of life they were in when they had their child. This prolonged disruption leaves lasting impacts that follow the young parent for the rest of their life, well beyond their teenage years or early twenties.

    The scientists also addressed potential misinterpretations of the study. “I want to be clear that this research is not encouraging teen parenthood or suggesting that teenagers should be having children,” MacDonald noted. “Becoming a parent as a teenager or young adult is clearly very challenging.”

    “The purpose of this research is to better understand the challenges that teen and young parents face after they have become parents, and to highlight the importance of support rather than stigma,” MacDonald added.

    There are a few limitations to the study to consider. The sample included a significantly higher number of women than men in the younger parent categories. The researchers suggest that some young fathers might not have reported children they are disconnected from or unaware of. Geographic data also recorded the participants’ current location rather than where they lived when they became parents, and health metrics relied on self-reported perception rather than official medical records.

    Despite these limitations, the large sample size and robust statistical methods provide strong evidence for the long-term impacts of early parenthood. The researchers plan to expand on this foundational data in upcoming projects.

    “This study is the first in a series of studies I am conducting as part of my PhD dissertation,” MacDonald said. “I am currently working on the next stage of this research, which will look more closely at potential differences between teen and young fathers and teen and young mothers.”

    The study, “Congratulations, it’s a risk factor! Varied social determinants of health at different ages of becoming a parent in Canada,” was authored by Jordan MacDonald and David Speed.

    URL: psypost.org/the-age-you-have-y

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    #psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #TeenParenthood #EarlyParenthood #LifeOutcomes #EducationAndIncome #LiminalityTheory #PublicHealth #SocialDeterminants #PLOSOne #CanadaStudy #YouthSupportPrograms

  2. 🍼 𝗡𝗲𝗹 𝗠𝗲𝗱𝗶𝗼𝗲𝘃𝗼 𝘁𝗼𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗹𝗲 𝗯𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝘃𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗽𝗶ù 𝗮 𝗹𝘂𝗻𝗴𝗼 𝗱𝗲𝗶 𝗺𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗶

    🔎 Uno studio internazionale con il contributo dell’Università di Pisa ribalta le vecchie ipotesi sulla discriminazione infantile nelle società medievali.

    #Medioevo #Archeologia #Bioarcheologia #Toscana #UniversitàDiPisa #Storia #Infanzia #Ricerca #PLOSONE

    ➡️ I dettagli su Storie & Archeostorie: wp.me/p7tSpZ-cZf

    storiearcheostorie.com/2026/05

  3. 🍼 𝗡𝗲𝗹 𝗠𝗲𝗱𝗶𝗼𝗲𝘃𝗼 𝘁𝗼𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗹𝗲 𝗯𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝘃𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗽𝗶ù 𝗮 𝗹𝘂𝗻𝗴𝗼 𝗱𝗲𝗶 𝗺𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗶

    🔎 Uno studio internazionale con il contributo dell’Università di Pisa ribalta le vecchie ipotesi sulla discriminazione infantile nelle società medievali.

    #Medioevo #Archeologia #Bioarcheologia #Toscana #UniversitàDiPisa #Storia #Infanzia #Ricerca #PLOSONE

    ➡️ I dettagli su Storie & Archeostorie: wp.me/p7tSpZ-cZf

    storiearcheostorie.com/2026/05

  4. 🍼 𝗡𝗲𝗹 𝗠𝗲𝗱𝗶𝗼𝗲𝘃𝗼 𝘁𝗼𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗹𝗲 𝗯𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝘃𝗲𝗻𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗻𝗼 𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗽𝗶ù 𝗮 𝗹𝘂𝗻𝗴𝗼 𝗱𝗲𝗶 𝗺𝗮𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗶

    🔎 Uno studio internazionale con il contributo dell’Università di Pisa ribalta le vecchie ipotesi sulla discriminazione infantile nelle società medievali.

    #Medioevo #Archeologia #Bioarcheologia #Toscana #UniversitàDiPisa #Storia #Infanzia #Ricerca #PLOSONE

    ➡️ I dettagli su Storie & Archeostorie: wp.me/p7tSpZ-cZf

    storiearcheostorie.com/2026/05

  5. Happy to share our new piece (w/ @MsPhelps) on #metadata completeness in @crossref and submission systems was published by #PLOSone. All data, code and peer review openly available. We'd be delighted to continue the conversation with publishers and submission system vendors:

    👆🏾doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0.

  6. We need a better way to fund basic #research in 🇪🇺 to stimulate innovation. so far with have #Horizon program and #ERC . Both are great but we lack a lower level of funding for testing or proof of concept (2 Years ~140k€ + postdoc) no overhead allowed (100% dedicated to research) . Selection of projects on the model of #PlosOne . @EUCommission

  7. If a journal asks me to do a peer-review for them, which I accept, then it makes a decision before the review deadline, without waiting for my review, and without letting me know that I do not need to do the review.. while I use my spare time to complete the peer-review by the deadline... then I am not going to do any more peer-review for that journal 🤷

    (#PLoSOne in this case 🫤)
    #AcademicChatter #PeerReview

  8. @nobodyinperson I have not published with @plosclimate but with @PLOS (#PLOSOne), so can't answer your question directly. However, some experience may transfer from PLOS to PLOS. I wouldn't hesitate to work eight them again. It's open and really multidisciplinary which are two big pluses for me. Only bad experience was the time it took them to fix a table formatting error they've introduced (something like 2 years...) but that was pretty minor.

  9. Aussi sur Le Monde (article en partie réservé aux gens qui ont un abonnement).
    "Dans un article publié lundi 4 août dans « PNAS », la revue de l’Académie nationale des sciences des Etats-Unis, des mathématiciens et des biologistes ont recensé des pratiques frauduleuses grandissantes dans les revues de recherche."
    lemonde.fr/sciences/article/20
    #esr #recherche #université #revuesSavantes #fraude #falsification #criminalite #PNAS #PlosOne

  10. Studi / Il boomerang più antico d’Europa (e forse del mondo) ha 42mila anni ed è stato trovato in una grotta polacca

    Alla ricerca internazionale ha partecipato anche l'Università di Bologna @unibo @plosjournals

    #boomerang #polonia #homosapiens #scoperte #studi #universitadibologna #plosone

    storiearcheostorie.com/2025/06

  11. Disappointed in PLOS ONE. Why do they allow this statement, but fail to check if it is actually true?

    #PLOS #PLOSONE #PhD #science #academia #publishing #scientificintegrity

  12. I'm excited to share that our latest study, published in PLOS ONE, is now available!

    In this research, we compare nonlinear regression models for analyzing transspinal evoked potential recruitment curves across different muscles. Our findings reveal muscle-dependent preferences and emphasize the reliability of specific models in parameters of physiological importance.

    Check it out here: doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0

    #neurophysiology #PLOSONE #academicresearch #neuroscience

  13. #PLOSONE: Assessing the impact of Australia’s mass vaccination campaigns over the Delta and Omicron outbreaks dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po

  14. Wow, that only took 8 years: PLOS ONE to offer author proofs retractionwatch.com/2024/03/21 (cc @deevybee)

    Their explanation (screenshot) is corporate speak for: so many authors had to request corrections for absolutely trivial errors our typesetters introduced that we now realise it is a good idea to let authors see what we made of their work before we formally publish it.

    Anyway, better late than never!

    (Here's the 2016 blog that prompted the first RW coverage: ideophone.org/why-plos-one-nee ) #plosone

  15. "Hérodote l'écrivait dans ses textes : les Scythes utilisaient autrefois la peau de leurs ennemis pour fabriquer des "trophées en cuir", tels que des étuis de carquois. Or, l'analyse d'anciens objets scythes semble aujourd'hui confirmer les légendes sur ces redoutables combattants des steppes de l'Antiquité."
    L'étude, publiée dans PLOS One le 13, a été menée à partir d'objets retrouvés dans le sud de l'Ukraine.
    geo.fr/histoire/les-antiques-g
    #archéologie #Scythes #Hérodote #Ukraine #Antiquité #PLOSOne

  16. I just browsed through the category #LibraryScience in @PLOS #PlosOne.

    journals.plos.org/plosone/brow

    It is basically useless, because it seems to simply list all articles where the keyword #catalogs is being used. I would classify only very few of the articles in this category as library-related.

    I mean... no matter how much I support research on bottlenose dolphins in Reunion (doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0
    ) - that's not library science.

  17. „Digitalem Entgiften“ wird häufig nachgesagt, sich positiv auf die mentale Gesundheit auszuwirken, eine kurze Auszeit von sozialen Medien ist bei vielen Menschen beliebt. Doch hilft das gegen die „Sucht“? Ein Experte erklärt, worauf es bei einer gesunden Smartphone-Nutzung wirklich ankommt.#Suchtverhalten #Internetsucht #SocialMedia #GenerationZ #texttospeech #TikTok #PLOSOne #DigitalDetox #Facebook #Twitter #Forschung #Gesundheit #Forscherduo
    Digital Detox: Pause von Instagram und TikTok hat kaum Einfluss auf Psyche
  18. 🤓Esta tecnología me parece muy interesante...

    👉«Un grupo internacional de investigadores ha publicado en #PlosOne un artículo en el que muestran un concepto bastante revolucionario y que podría acabar con algunos tipos de ceguera de una forma inesperada»: unas gafas que incluyen una tecnología basada en la ecolocalización.

    🔗journals.plos.org/plosone/arti

  19. Were early societies dependent on climate? A new study published now in #PLOSONE shows connectivity between climate variability and societal changes in Central Europe 5500 to 3500 years ago: uni-kiel.de/en/details/news/25 For the study, the authors investigated developments in three regions of Central Europe on the basis of high data density and with high temporal resolution.
    #archaeology #demography #climate #BronzeAge #Neolithic #CentralEurope

  20. #PLOSONE article* used #NosePicking, #TheGuardian reported** on #rhinotillexis 😂

    Is this an example for

    "[]Anglo-Saxon words go no further than primitive folk-medicine. In classical words [] we have a system employed for more advanced medical conceptions."[p17]

    or for

    "[]A new word should not be used in place of a simple word in common use. Cephalalgia for headache is pedantry run wild."[p11]🤓

    Roberts (1959), Medical terms. Heinemann.

    * journals.plos.org/plosone/arti

    ** theguardian.com/world/2023/aug

  21. Sorry, #PlosONE but when I make the effort to decline a review you have sent me that is completely outside my expertise, I don't want to log into #EditorialManager with a password I don't know and offer suggestions for other reviewers. Why cannot you just accept my decline when I click on the link in the e-mail? Now, you will have to wait 6 days for my invitation to expire. #changeyoursystem #academiclife

  22. New open-access article on "Decomposition of the mean absolute error (MAE) into systematic and unsystematic components" in #PLOSONE, if you're into that sort of thing.
    #Statistics #ModelEvaluation #ModelError
    dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po

  23. New open-access article on "Decomposition of the mean absolute error (MAE) into systematic and unsystematic components" in #PLOSONE, if you're into that sort of thing.
    #Statistics #ModelEvaluation #ModelError
    dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po

  24. New open-access article on "Decomposition of the mean absolute error (MAE) into systematic and unsystematic components" in #PLOSONE, if you're into that sort of thing.
    #Statistics #ModelEvaluation #ModelError
    dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po

  25. New open-access article on "Decomposition of the mean absolute error (MAE) into systematic and unsystematic components" in #PLOSONE, if you're into that sort of thing.
    #Statistics #ModelEvaluation #ModelError
    dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po

  26. New open-access article on "Decomposition of the mean absolute error (MAE) into systematic and unsystematic components" in #PLOSONE, if you're into that sort of thing.
    #Statistics #ModelEvaluation #ModelError
    dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po

  27. Are you dreading the invasion of the #SpottedLanternflies or already deep in battle with them? Knowing which instar you're dealing with can help with figuring out how to eradicate them!

    Check out our #newpaper just out in #plosOne reporting on size clustering to distinguish among those first three otherwise identical black and white instars.

    Getting ready for their spring emergence...!

    journals.plos.org/plosone/arti

  28. On the other hand this global trade in seed carries some biosecurity risks.

    #PLOSONE: The phytosanitary risks posed by seeds for sowing trade networks
    #IAS #weedscience
    dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.po