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1000 results for “Principia”
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Carpi, Italy.
Fotografo alle prime armi, sto imparando a gestire luce, linee e spazi vuoti.
Questo scatto di strada fa parte del progetto Photography Noob, in cui documento il mio percorso da principiante nel mondo della fotografia.
Niente AI, solo errori umani e tanta pratica.
#PhotographyNoob
#Fotografia
#StreetPhotography
#Photography
#BeginnerPhotographer
#Carpi
#EmiliaRomagna
#Italy
#MastodonPhotography -
Carpi, Italy.
Fotografo alle prime armi, sto imparando a gestire luce, linee e spazi vuoti.
Questo scatto di strada fa parte del progetto Photography Noob, in cui documento il mio percorso da principiante nel mondo della fotografia.
Niente AI, solo errori umani e tanta pratica.
#PhotographyNoob
#Fotografia
#StreetPhotography
#Photography
#BeginnerPhotographer
#Carpi
#EmiliaRomagna
#Italy
#MastodonPhotography -
Quedó arreglado The Mana World en Undernet. El problema era que no estaba sirviendo los archivos de mapas, caracteres y todo eso. Ahora conecta bien, si aparece algun error al final relacionado con SSL, pueden ignorarlo, no se si es un error del servidor o del cliente que complie a mano, porque me da el mismo error usando mi servidor para descargar el contenido del juego y el servidor principial. La interfaz del juego se puede poner en español en Settings > Theme > Language y luego hay que reiciciar #themanaworld #juegos #games #juego #game #undernet #tmw #rpg #mmorpg #retro
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El Camino de los Faros
El Camino de los Faros o “Camiño dos Faros” es la ruta más moderna y no oficial de los diferentes Caminos de Santiago. Quizá por eso sea tan desconocida, pero es un camino que bordea la Costa da Morte con una longitud de 200 km pegados al mar, bordeando playas y acantilados de una belleza espectacular. Una ruta senderista que sin duda, merece la pena hacer, pero no es para principiantes
https://www.ivoox.com/131394975
#faros #galicia #rutas #senderismo #viajes #podcast #ZZPodcast -
Rilasciato HandBrake 1.10: Tutte le novità.
HandBrake è un avanzato strumento di conversione video open source, distribuito sotto licenza GNU General Public License (GPL) versione 2, che lo rende completamente libero e modificabile. Compatibile con GNU/Linux, Windows e macOS e, HandBrake è accessibile a un ampio pubblico di utenti, dai principianti ai professionisti del video editing.#opensource #opensourceitalia #handbrake #linux
#windows #macos #softwareopensource
https://www.laseroffice.it/blog/2025/08/11/rilasciato-handbrake-1-10-tutte-le-novita/
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Rilasciato HandBrake 1.10: Tutte le novità.
HandBrake è un avanzato strumento di conversione video open source, distribuito sotto licenza GNU General Public License (GPL) versione 2, che lo rende completamente libero e modificabile. Compatibile con GNU/Linux, Windows e macOS e, HandBrake è accessibile a un ampio pubblico di utenti, dai principianti ai professionisti del video editing.#opensource #opensourceitalia #handbrake #linux
#windows #macos #softwareopensource
https://www.laseroffice.it/blog/2025/08/11/rilasciato-handbrake-1-10-tutte-le-novita/
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Pescara, la Nave di Cascella.
Sto cercando di capire come usare riflessi e contrasti, e questa fontana mi sembrava il posto giusto per provarci.
Foto reale (scattata con smartphone), niente AI.
Fa parte di Photography Noob, dove raccolgo i miei esperimenti da principiante.
#PhotographyNoob #Fotografia #UrbanPhotography #StreetPhotography #BlackAndWhite #Reflection #Sculpture #Pescara #Abruzzo #Italy #MastodonPhotography
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Reggio Emilia, Piazza Gioberti.
Sto ancora prendendo le misure con linee e riflessi, ma mi piaceva come la cupola e il monumento si rispecchiano nell’acqua.
Foto reale, niente AI. Fa parte di Photography Noob, il mio taccuino di prove da principiante.
(scatto fatto con smartphone)
#PhotographyNoob #Fotografia #StreetPhotography #UrbanPhotography #Architecture #BlackAndWhite #Reflection #ReggioEmilia #Italy #MastodonPhotography
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Puglia, Italia.
Sto ancora imparando a giocare con luce e ombre, ma questa Vespa in controluce davanti al mare dovevo per forza fotografarla.
Scatto reale, niente AI: fa parte di Photography Noob, il mio diario di foto da principiante.
#PhotographyNoob #Fotografia #StreetPhotography #Photography #BlackAndWhite #MastodonPhotography #Silhouette #Mare #Vespa #Puglia #Italy
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@Maya
@maperal @derHennefer @Divert @miguel @beckermatic @huitlacocheYo cierro con lo siguiente:
Las observaciones de cometas, tránsitos y eclipses son eventos de ciencia esencialmente amateur, en los que más de una vez ciudadanos de a pié hacen contribuciones relevantes al conocimiento científico.
Son ejemplos perfectos de ciencia ciudadana.
En la última década y media, este hecho se han visto potenciado por el intercambio en las redes sociales. Datos, métodos y resultados, compartidos horizontalmente entre vecinos del mundo, para maximizar la experiencia.
Ojalá podamos con esta sinergia lograr para el pensamiento científico la difusión que lamentablemente Internet ya logró para el negacionismo y la conspiranoia. Un futuro en el que cualquiera haya oído cómo observar un cometa, de qué manera se ajusta una cónica, o por qué Halley pagó los Principia.
Saludos.
#TertuliaMensual #Cometa #C2020F3 #NEOWISE #CometaC2020F3NEOWISE
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@Maya
@maperal @derHennefer @Divert @miguel @beckermatic @huitlacocheA riesgo de irme un poco del tema específico de la tertulia, algo siempre cuento porque me parece fascinante, es la historia de Halley y los Principa
Halley queria probar que el cometa que aparecía cada 76 años era el mismo. Supo que Newton estaba trabajando en las ecuaciones de la mecanica, y lo fue a visitar.
Newton estaba peleado con Hooke, director de la Royal Society, quien se había negado a publicar los Principia, y quien es probable que se los haya mostrado a Leibniz.
Newton estaba muerto de odio y frustración, y ya no queria publicarlos. Halley lo convenció, los corrigió, y ¡pagó la publicación de su propio bolsillo!
Es decir que tuvimos la Mecanica y la revolución cientifica e industrial subsiguiente, gracias a Halley y a su obsesión con su cometa.
#TertuliaMensual #Cometa #C2020F3 #NEOWISE #CometaC2020F3NEOWISE #Halley
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Cómo saber cuándo un bizcocho está hecho, perfectamente horneado: Saber cuándo un bizcocho está en su punto perfecto es la clave para lograr una miga esponjosa y deliciosa, y en Gastronomía y Cía te enseñamos a identificar el momento exacto en que cualquier bizcocho, sea de vainilla, chocolate o cítricos, está listo para salir del horno. Con técnicas fáciles y consejos detallados para principiantes, conseguirás… https://www.gastronomiaycia.com/como-saber-cuando-un-bizcocho-esta-hecho-perfectamente-horneado/?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=mastodon #TrucosdeCocina #bizcocho #pastelería #repostería
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Amici & Amiche di K&S, eccoci ancora una volta in attesa dell'apertura della Sala Giochi Eterna, che ci attende come sempre al tramonto per accogliere i vostri gettoni virtuali e la voglia di rivivere insieme il passato. Come ogni lunedì infatti la Forevercade è l'appuntamento fisso degli appassionati delle sfide e non solo, perchè la Sala Giochi è aperta a tutt*, principianti e esperti. Ci vediamo alle 18:30, naturalmente su https://www.twitch.tv/ksgaminglife
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Della Musica mondana – 1.6.6
Dipoi andauano ponendo dalla sphera della Luna a quella di Mercurio l’ interuallo d’ un Semituono maggiore;
et da Mercurio a Venere quello del minore;
e da Venere al Sole il Tuono, et il minor semituono;
et questa diceuano esser distante dalla terra per tre tuoni, et vno semituono; il qual spatio è nominato Diapente.
Et dalla Luna al Sole poneuano la distanza di due tuoni, et vno semituono; li quali costituiscono lo spatio della Diatessaron.
Ritornando poi al principiato ordine, dissero, il Sole esser lontano da Marte per la medesima distanza, che è la Luna dalla terra;
et da Marte a Gioue essere l’ interuallo del semituono minore;
et da questo a Saturno lo spatio del semituono maggiore:
dal quale per fino all’ vltimo cielo, oue sono li segni celesti, posero lo spatio del minor semituono.
Per la qual cosa dall’ vltimo cielo alla sphera del Sole si comprende esser lo spatio, o interuallo della Diatessaron; et dalla terra all’ vltimo cielo lo spatio di cinque tuoni, et due minori semituoni, cioè la Diapason.
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Skate & Connect
Skatepark Baro de Viver, divendres, 1 de maig, a les 11:00 CEST
[EN/ES/CA]
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🛹 Join Us for an Inclusive Skate Session! 🛹All Wheels Welcome – Skateboards, Longboards, Scooters, Rollerblades & More!
We’re excited to invite kids and families to our first inclusive skate session in Barcelona! Whether you’re a beginner or a pro, everyone is welcome to roll, glide, and shred together in a fun, supportive environment.
🫂 Pay what you can (Donation-based!) No one should miss out on the joy of skating. Bring a smile, your board, and a donation if you can—every little bit helps us keep the session running and inclusive for all.
👨👩👧👦 All ages & skill levels welcome! Helmets and protective gear recommended.
Let’s roll together and build a welcoming skate community in Barcelona!
📢 Questions? Message us or check our social media for updates.
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🛹 ¡Únete a nuestra sesión de skate inclusiva! 🛹
¡Todas las ruedas son bienvenidas: monopatines, longboards, patinetes, patines en línea y mucho más!
¡Estamos encantados de invitar a los niños y a las familias a nuestra primera sesión de skate inclusiva en Barcelona! Tanto si eres principiante como profesional, todo el mundo es bienvenido a rodar, deslizarse y darlo todo juntos en un ambiente divertido y acogedor.
🫂 Paga lo que puedas (¡a base de donaciones!) Nadie debería perderse la alegría de patinar. Trae una sonrisa, tu tabla y una donación si puedes: cada pequeño gesto nos ayuda a mantener la sesión en marcha y a que sea inclusiva para todos.
👨👩👧👦 ¡Todas las edades y niveles de habilidad son bienvenidos! Se recomienda el uso de cascos y equipo de protección.
¡Patinemos juntos y construyamos una comunidad de skate acogedora en Barcelona!
📢 ¿Preguntas? Envíanos un mensaje o consulta nuestras redes sociales para estar al día.
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🛹 Apunta't a una sessió de skate inclusiva! 🛹
Totes les rodes són benvingudes: monopatins, longboards, patinets, patins en línia i més!
Estem molt contents de convidar nens i famílies a la nostra primera sessió de skate inclusiva a Barcelona! Tant si ets principiant com si ets un professional, tothom és benvingut per patinar, lliscar i carregar junts en un ambient divertit i de suport.
🫂 Paga el que puguis (basat en donacions!)
Ningú no s'hauria de perdre la il·lusió de patinar. Porta un somriure, la teva taula i una donació si pots: cada petita contribució ens ajuda a mantenir la sessió en funcionament i inclusiva per a tothom.
👨👩👧👦 Totes les edats i nivells són benvingudes!
Es recomana portar casc i proteccions.
Rollem plegats i creem una comunitat de skate acollidora a Barcelona!
📢 Tens preguntes? Envieu-nos un missatge o consulteu les nostres xarxes socials per a més informació.
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Taller de Godot (y mucho más) en Retrópolis 2026: ¡Crea, juega y libera tu hardware! (Sábado 25 de abril)
Tras la jornada de autodefensa digital en Las Naves el día de antes, el sábado 25 de abril nos trasladamos a la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) para participar en Retrópolis 2026.
Lectura en valencià disponible fent clic ací.
⚠️ ATENCIÓN: Si vas a asistir a los talleres de GNU/Linux València en la feria Retròpolis, puedes solicitar aquí conexión Wi-Fi gratuita para toda la jornada en la ETSINF.
🕹️ ¿Qué es Retrópolis?
Retrópolis Valencia es el evento de referencia para los apasionados de la informática clásica, el videojuego antiguo y la cultura «retro». Es un espacio donde la nostalgia se encuentra con la preservación tecnológica. Como asociación, estaremos allí con una sala propia llena de actividades para demostrar que el software libre no solo es el futuro, sino la mejor herramienta para mantener vivo el pasado.
⚠️ IMPORTANTE: Entrada Solidaria
Recuerda que el acceso a Retrópolis se basa en una entrada solidaria. Para entrar al recinto y participar en nuestras actividades, es obligatorio traer una donación de alimentos no perecederos o dispositivos electrónicos para reciclar.
👉 Consulta aquí cómo funciona el acceso.🕒 Agenda de la Mañana: Presentación y Creación
10:30 – 11:00 | Presentación de GNU/Linux València
Arrancamos el día explicando quiénes somos y por qué defendemos la soberanía tecnológica. Si quieres saber cómo participar en nuestra comunidad o qué proyectos tenemos en marcha en la ciudad, ¡este es el momento!
11:00 – 13:00 | Taller de Godot: Lógica y Control
¿Quieres pasar de jugar a crear? Realizaremos un taller práctico con el motor de libre Godot Engine. Está diseñado específicamente para principiantes y nos enfocaremos en:
- Posicionamiento: Aprenderás a organizar objetos y escenas en el espacio de juego.
- Lógica y Control: Cómo dar vida a tus ideas mediante scripts sencillos para controlar el movimiento y las interacciones.
- Primeros pasos: Saldrás con los conceptos básicos para que tu personaje responda a tus órdenes.
⚠️ IMPORTANTE: ¡Trae tu portátil preparado! (si puedes)
Para aprovechar realmente el taller, lo mejor será que traigas tu ordenador, preferiblemente con Godot ya instalado, y así poder exprimir al máximo la experiencia. ¡Esperemos que te encante!
🕒 Agenda de la Tarde: Sostenibilidad y Ocio Libre
16:00 – 16:30 | El software libre contra la obsolescencia
¿Tienes un ordenador antiguo que Windows ya no puede mover? En esta charla breve veremos cómo GNU/Linux es la herramienta definitiva para luchar contra la obsolescencia programada, devolviendo la fluidez a hardware que muchos daban por perdido.
16:30 – 19:00 | Taller de instalación + Libre Game Party
Cerramos la jornada con un espacio mixto:
- Install Party: Trae tu equipo (portátil, torre o esa «vieja gloria» que quieres recuperar) y te ayudamos a instalar una distribución GNU/Linux. (⚠️ ¡Trae tu copia de seguridad hecha de casa!).
- Libre Game Party: Un espacio para relajarse y jugar a títulos nativos de Linux y juegos libres. ¡Ven a descubrir que el gaming libre no tiene nada que envidiar al privativo!
🧠 ¡Recuerda!
- 📅 Fecha: Sábado 25 de abril de 2026
- 📍 Ubicación: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Informática (ETSINF), UPV, Valencia
- 🎟️ Entrada Solidaria/Sostenible: infórmate
- 💻 Recomendación taller Godot: Trae tu portátil con Godot ya descargado desde su web oficial para aprovechar al máximo el tiempo.
👉 ¡Apúntate y confirma tu asistencia en Mobilizon!
¡Nos vemos en la UPV para un sábado lleno de código, juegos y libertad! ❤️ Síguenos para no perderte nada.
#charla #EndOf10 #godot #InstallParty #Retrópolis #SoftwareLibre #taller -
¿Qué es "Mad Capybaras"?
Somos jugadores de Airsoft que preferimos jugar juntos en la modalidad MilSim. Eso, y que hablamos español, son las dos principales cosas que nos unen.
¿Para qué sirve "Mad Capybaras"?
En esencia, este grupo permite compartir conocimientos, experiencias y recursos entre los jugadores hispanohablantes de Airsoft que se encuentran en Nueva Zelanda para que probar el deporte y la posterior incorporación a las partidas sea más sencillo. Otros grupos organizan regularmente partidas en Auckland y alrededores, los "Mad Capybaras" participamos en ellas como grupo. Además de experiencia y contactos también tenemos vehículos para compartir y hacerte más sencillo acceder a las partidas.
¿Qué es MilSim y por qué la preferimos?
Se trata de un modo de juego que permite cierto grado de planificación y coordinación entre miembros de un equipo y ofrece libertad para decidir cómo alcanzar un objetivo. Hay otras modalidades más rápidas y centradas en las habilidades individuales, que requieren un buen estado físico, reflejos y ser capaz de tomar decisiones rápidamente como es el caso de la modalidad SoftAir.
Nosotros no solemos participar en ese tipo de partidas, pero te ayudaremos en todo lo posible si es que deseas participar en ellas.
¿Cuándo se juega?
Normalmente nos apuntamos a las partidas organizadas por ASA (AirSoft Auckland), KSM (Kasual MilSim) y Bastión. Hay otros grupos que organizan partidas en los alrededores de Auckland con los que también jugamos en ocasiones.
¿Se hacen torneos y campeonatos?
Hay modos de juego enfocados a competir, tales como el SoftAir. Pero en partidas MilSim no es la competitividad el motor del juego. Si bien cada partida tiene condiciones para alcanzar la victoria y ciertas reglas que deben cumplirse, la verdad es que, una vez que termina, son pocos los que pueden decir quién ha ganado o perdido. Contar a cuántos has disparado o cuántas veces has "muerto" es algo que haces durante las primeras partidas, pero poco a poco dejas de hacerlo ya que no tiene verdadera importancia.
¿Cuánto dura una partida?
Alrededor de 5 horas. Una partida puede estar dividida en varios juegos diferentes que se ajustan a la cantidad de jugadores y a las particularidades del terreno.
No es obligatorio participar en todas las partidas y puedes entrar o salir de ellas según tu condición física te lo permita.
¿Dónde se juega?
Los grupos con los que jugamos tienen acceso a diferentes campos de juego privados en los alrededores de Auckland, generalmente en el norte / noroeste. No obstante, podemos jugar con otros grupos del oeste o incluso del sur de Auckland o en las provincias vecinas (Waikato y Northland).
¿Cómo me inscribo en la próxima partida?
Lo publicaremos en nuestras redes sociales (Facebook, Instagram, Mastodon, Telegram) y/o enviaremos invitaciones a través de los servicios de mensajería (WhatsApp, Messenger, etc)
¿Qué necesito llevar a una partida?
* El precio a pagar es variable y depende del lugar donde se juegue. Lo más normal cuando jugamos en eventos organizados por ASA es $50 en cash, 20 para el alquiler del campo y 30 para el alquiler de la réplica. Preferiblemente separados. Las municiones van incluídas.
* Lentes de protección que cubran los laterales de los ojos (Obligatorio). Pueden ser antiparras. No se recomiendan los lentes de malla metálica porque fragmentos de pintura pueden desprenderse de la malla con los impactos y acabar en los ojos del usuario. Tenemos algunos lentes extra, por si no te ha dado tiempo de comprar.
* Ropa fuerte de camuflaje, verde o, al menos, oscura para que no destaque entre los arbustos. Calzado igualmente fuerte que te proteja los pies de ramas y maleza. Tenemos algunas piezas de uniforme que con gusto prestamos a los principiantes.
* Agua. Si tienes cantimplora o camelbak mejor, de lo contrario una botella suele servir.
* Comida. Alguna cosa que puedas comer de pie o sentado en el suelo ya que no suelen haber instalaciones para eso. Frutas o snacks pueden ser necesarios también.
* Sombrero y protector solar.
* Una muda de ropa por si acaso.
Opcional:
* Kit de primeros auxilios.
* Equipo de comunicaciones (UHF 400Mhz)
* Pasamontañas, bandana o algo para protegerte la boca.
* Papel higiénico.
* Bolsa plástica para llevar tus residuos de vuelta a casa (no hay papeleras en el monte).
Hasta aquí la información básica. Si tienes más dudas, o si deseas participar del próximo evento envíanos un mensaje por este medio y te daremos más información inmediatamente.
#milsim #airsoft #amigosdelairsoft #madcapybaras #Auckland #militar #deporte
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“I call our world Flatland, not because we call it so, but to make its nature clearer to you, my happy readers, who are privileged to live in Space.”*…
Physicists believe a third class of particles – anyons – could exist, but only in 2D. As Elay Shech asks, what kind of existence is that?…
Everything around you – from tables and trees to distant stars and the great diversity of animal and plant life – is built from a small set of elementary particles. According to established scientific theories, these particles fall into two basic and deeply distinct categories: bosons and fermions.
Bosons are sociable. They happily pile into the same quantum state, that is, the same combination of quantum properties such as energy level, like photons do when they form a laser. Fermions, by contrast, are the introverts of the particle world. They flat out refuse to share a quantum state with one another. This reclusive behaviour is what forces electrons to arrange themselves in layered atomic shells, ultimately giving rise to the structure of the periodic table and the rich chemistry it enables.
At least, that’s what we assumed. In recent years, evidence has been accumulating for a third class of particles called ‘anyons’. Their name, coined by the Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek, gestures playfully at their refusal to fit into the standard binary of bosons and fermions – for anyons, anything goes. If confirmed, anyons wouldn’t just add a new member to the particle zoo. They would constitute an entirely novel category – a new genus – that rewrites the rules for how particles move, interact, and combine. And those strange rules might one day engender new technologies.
Although none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons, it is possible to engineer environments that give rise to them and potentially harness their power. We now think that some anyons wind around one another, weaving paths that store information in a way that’s unusually hard to disturb. That makes them promising candidates for building quantum computers – machines that could revolutionise fields like drug discovery, materials science, and cryptography. Unlike today’s quantum systems that are easily disturbed, anyon-based designs may offer built-in protection and show real promise as building blocks for tomorrow’s computers.
Philosophically, however, there’s a wrinkle in the story. The theoretical foundations make it clear that anyons are possible only in two dimensions, yet we inhabit a three-dimensional world. That makes them seem, in a sense, like fictions. When scientists seek to explore the behaviours of complicated systems, they use what philosophers call ‘idealisations’, which can reveal underlying patterns by stripping away messy real-world details. But these idealisations may also mislead. If a scientific prediction depends entirely on simplification – if it vanishes the moment we take the idealisation away – that’s a warning sign that something has gone wrong in our analysis.
So, if anyons are possible only through two-dimensional idealisations, what kind of reality do they actually possess? Are they fundamental constituents of nature, emergent patterns, or something in between? Answering these questions means venturing into the quantum world, beyond the familiar classes of particles, climbing among the loops and holes of topology, detouring into the strange physics of two-dimensional flatland – and embracing the idea that apparently idealised fictions can reveal deeper truths…
[Shech explains anyons, and considers the various strategies for making sense of them. (They”paraparticles” like anyons don’t actually exit. Or we simply lack the theoretical framwork and experimental work to follow to find them. Or in ultra-thin materials physics, we’ve already found them.) Considering the latter two possibilities, he concludes…]
So, if anyons exist, what kind of existence is it? None of the elementary particles are anyons. Instead, physicists appeal to the notion of ‘quasiparticles’, in which large numbers of electrons or atoms interact in complex ways and behave, collectively, like a simpler object you can track with novel behaviours.
Picture fans doing ‘the wave’ in a stadium. The wave travels around the arena as if it’s a single thing, even though it’s really just people standing and sitting in sequence. In a solid, the coordinated motion of many particles can act the same way – forming a ripple or disturbance that moves as if it were its own particle. Sometimes, the disturbance centres on an individual particle, like an electron trying to move through a material. As it bumps into nearby atoms and other electrons, they push back, creating a kind of ‘cloud’ around it. The electron plus its cloud behave like a single, heavier, slower particle with new properties. That whole package is also treated as a quasiparticle.
Some quasiparticles behave like bosons or fermions. But for others, when two of them trade places, the system’s quantum state picks up a built-in marker that isn’t limited to the two familiar settings. It can take on intermediate values, which means novel quantum statistics. If the theories describing these systems are right, then the quasiparticles in question aren’t just behaving oddly, they are anyons: the third type of particles.
In other words, while none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons – physicists have never ‘seen’ an anyon in isolation – we can engineer environments that give rise to emergent quasiparticles portraying the quantum statistics of anyons. In this sense, anyons have been experimentally confirmed. But there are different kinds of anyons, and there is still active work being done on the more exotic anyons that we hope to harness for quantum computers.
But even so, are quasiparticles, like anyons, really real? That depends. Some philosophers argue that existence depends on scale. Zoom in close enough, and it makes little sense to talk about tables or trees – those objects show up only at the human scale. In the same way, some particles exist only in certain settings. Anyons don’t appear in the most fundamental theories, but they show up in thin, flat systems where they are the stable patterns that help explain real, measurable effects. From this point of view, they’re as real as anything else we use to explain the world.
Others take a more radical stance. They argue that quasiparticles, fields and even elementary particles aren’t truly real: they’re just useful labels. What really exists is not stuff but structure: relations and patterns. So ‘anyons’ are one way we track the relevant structure when a system is effectively two-dimensional.
Questions about reality take us deep into philosophy, but they also open the door to a broader enquiry: what does the story of anyons reveal about the role of idealisations and fictions in science? Why bother playing in flatland at all?
Often, idealisations are seen as nothing more than shortcuts. They strip away details to make the mathematics manageable, or serve as teaching tools to highlight the essentials, but they aren’t thought to play a substantive role in science. On this view, they’re conveniences, not engines of discovery.
But the story of anyons shows that idealisations can do far more. They open up new possibilities, sharpen our understanding of theory, clarify what a phenomenon is supposed to be in the first place, and sometimes even point the way to new science and engineering.
The first payoff is possibility: idealisation lets us explore a theory’s ‘what ifs’, the range of behaviours it allows even if the world doesn’t exactly realise them. When we move to two dimensions, quantum mechanics suddenly permits a new kind of particle choreography. Not just a simple swap, but wind-and-weave novel rules for how particles can combine and interact. Thinking in this strictly two-dimensional setting is not a parlour trick. It’s a way to see what the theory itself makes possible.
That same detour through flatland also assists us in understanding the theory better. Idealised cases turn up the contrast knobs. In three dimensions, particle exchanges blur into just two familiar options of bosons and fermions. In two dimensions, the picture sharpens. By simplifying the world, the idealisation makes the theory’s structure visible to the naked eye.
Idealisation also helps us pin down what a phenomenon really is. It separates difference-makers from distractions. In the anyon case, the flat setting reveals what would count as a genuine signature, say, a lasting memory of the winding of particles, and what would be a mere lookalike that ordinary bosons or fermions could mimic. It also highlights contrasts with other theoretical possibilities: paraparticles, for example, don’t depend on a two-dimensional world, but anyons seem to. That contrast helps identify what belongs to the essence of anyons and what does not. When we return to real materials, we know what to look for and what to ignore.
Finally, idealisations don’t just help us read a theory – they help write the next one. If experiments keep turning up signatures that seem to exist only in flatland, then what began as an idealisation becomes a compass for discovery. A future theory must build that behaviour into its structure as a genuine, non-idealised possibility. Sometimes, that means showing how real materials effectively enforce the ideal constraint, such as true two-dimensionality. Other times, it means uncovering a new mechanism that reproduces the same exchange behaviour without the fragile assumptions of perfect flatness. In both cases, idealisation serves as a guide for theory-building. It tells us which features must survive, which can bend, and where to look for the next, more general theory.
So, when we venture into flatland to study anyons, we’re not just simplifying – we’re exploring the boundaries where mathematics, matter and reality meet. The journey from fiction to fact may be strange, but it’s also how science moves forward…
Eminently worth reading in full: “Playing in flatland,” from @elayshech.bsky.social in @aeon.co.
Pair with: “Is Particle Physics Dead, Dying, or Just Hard?“
* Edwin A. Abbott, Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
###
As we brood over the bondaries of “being” (and knowing), we might spare a thought for Bertand Russell; he died on this date in 1970. A philosopher, logician, mathematician, and public intellectual, he influenced mathematics, logic, and several areas of analytic philosophy.
He was one of the early 20th century’s prominent logicians and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore, and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British “revolt against idealism“. Together with his former teacher Alfred North Whitehead, Russell wrote Principia Mathematica, a milestone in the development of classical logic and a major attempt [if ultimately unsuccessful, pace Godel] to reduce the whole of mathematics to logic. Russell’s article “On Denoting” is considered a “paradigm of philosophy.”
#anyons #being #BertrandRussell #culture #existence #history #logic #Mathematics #particlePhysics #philosophy #Physics #Science -
Germania / Chiodi per i calzari romani: scoperta un’officina militare (con magazzino) a Waldmössingen
Elena Percivaldi
Può un oggetto minuscolo come un chiodo di ferro, lungo appena un centimetro e mezzo, aprire scenari sorprendenti sulla storia di Roma? Sì, se il reperto in questione non è uno soltanto, ma sono decine. È quanto accaduto a Schramberg-Waldmössingen (Landkreis Rottweil, Germania), dove un’équipe del LAD – Landesamt für Denkmalpflege di Stoccarda e dell’Università di Friburgo ha individuato un’officina romana destinata alla produzione – o almeno al deposito – dei chiodi che servivano a rinforzare i calzari dei legionari, le celebri caligae.
Studenti durante gli scavi presso il forte romano di Schramberg-Waldmössingen (Foto: ©Ufficio statale per la conservazione dei monumenti del Consiglio regionale di Stoccarda/Immagine: ©C. Wulfmeier)Roba… da chiodi
Le indagini si sono concentrate su un grande edificio in pietra di oltre 1.000 mq, già esplorato nel 1896 ma da allora rimasto enigmatico e di difficile interpretazione. Le nuove ricerche hanno rivelato almeno due fasi costruttive, risalenti alla seconda metà del I secolo d.C. Ma soprattutto, sono stati trovati oltre cento chiodi di scarpa in ferro, tutti perfettamente conservati. Non si tratta di pezzi usurati, ma di elementi nuovi, pronti all’uso.
Questi piccoli oggetti confermano che il sito aveva un ruolo chiave nella logistica militare romana: i chiodi davano ai soldati maggiore stabilità sui terreni accidentati, ma cadevano facilmente durante le marce. Per questo i legionari ricevevano un’indennità speciale, il clavarium, destinata all’acquisto dei ricambi.
Studenti durante gli scavi presso il forte romano di Schramberg-Waldmössingen (Foto: ©Ufficio statale per la conservazione dei monumenti del Consiglio regionale di Stoccarda/Immagine: ©C. Wulfmeier)Waldmössingen, un nodo strategico sul Limes renano
Il castrum di Waldmössingen, esteso su una superficie di circa 2 ettari, sorgeva lungo la strada che attraversava la Foresta Nera e collegava l’alto Reno con l’area del Neckar. Intorno, sotto il regno di Vespasiano (69–79 d.C.), sorsero numerosi presidi, dipendenti dal grande campo legionario di Rottweil (Arae Flaviae). Waldmössingen, con la sua posizione strategica nei pressi di un crocevia viario, sembra aver svolto la funzione di magazzino centrale per il rifornimento delle truppe stanziate lungo questo tratto del Limes. Al suo interno sono stati rinvenuti i resti di due edifici con fondamenta in pietra, di cui solo quello del personale (principia) è stato identificato con certezza; la funzione del secondo non è chiara. I reperti provenienti dall’area del vicus indicano la presenza di una fornace per la ceramica; una pietra d’altare e una tavoletta contenente il testo di una maledizione (defixio) provengono invece da un’area dove probabilmente sorgeva un tempio.
Replica di una caliga e chiodi da scarpa dai reperti degli scavi di Schramberg-Waldmössingen (Foto: ©Università di Friburgo, L. Regetz)Archeologia “dal vivo”
La campagna di scavo, iniziata il 4 agosto scorso, è stata l’occasione per fare divulgazione attraverso lezioni “a cielo aperto“: oltre 1.500 visitatori, in gran parte studenti e famiglie, hanno seguito da vicino il lavoro degli archeologi, osservando come gli strumenti moderni possano restituire la voce a reperti di quasi duemila anni fa.
“È stata una delle esperienze didattiche più coinvolgenti che abbia mai diretto”, ha commentato Lena Regetz, ricercatrice dell’Università di Friburgo. Per Christoph Wulfmeier, del LAD, l’iniziativa è stata un’importante “vetrina” per l’archeologia della regione.
La fine degli scavi è prevista per il 12 settembre.
Immagine in apertura: Calzatura da soldato romano (caliga ) con suola chiodata. Sullo sfondo, la torre angolare del Forte di Waldmössingen, ricostruita nel 1975 (Foto: ©Università di Friburgo, L. Regetz)
#AraeFlaviae #archeologiaRomana #caligae #castrum #chiodiRomani #esercitoRomano #Germania #GermaniaRomana #InEvidenza #LADLandesamtFürDenkmalpflege #logisticaEsercitoRomano #scaviArcheologiciGermania #SchrambergWaldmössingen #UniversitàDiFriburgo #Waldmössingen
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APPS «Insight Timer»
Insight Timer es una aplicación de meditación que ofrece una amplia biblioteca de meditaciones guiadas, música relajante y eventos en vivo para apoyar el bienestar mental y el desarrollo personal. A continuación se resumen los detalles solicitados:
Nombre: Insight Timer
Desarrollador: Insight Network Inc
Autor: Varios expertos en meditación, psicología y neurociencia de instituciones como Stanford, Harvard, Dartmouth y la Universidad de Oxford
País: No especificado claramente, pero Insight Network Inc opera principalmente desde EE.UU.
Idioma original: Inglés
Función: Aplicación para meditación y mindfulness que incluye meditaciones guiadas, música para relajación, temporizador de meditación, y grupos de discusión comunitarios
Plataformas disponibles: iOS (App Store), Android (Google Play), escritorio (Windows y Mac)
Calificación calidad: Entre 9 (Excelente) según reseñas en Google Play y App Store, con puntuaciones alrededor de 4.7 a 4.8 sobre 5, y galardones como «App del Año» por la revista TIME y considerada «La aplicación más feliz del mundo» por Tristan Harris
Características del producto:- Más de 190,000 meditaciones guiadas y pistas de música disponibles, con nuevos contenidos diarios
- Amplia gama de temas como ansiedad, sueño, enfoque, bienestar espiritual
- Contenido especial para niños, con más de 10,000 meditaciones y sonidos para edades 0 a 13 años
- Temporizador de meditación personalizable
- Estadísticas y seguimiento del progreso de meditación
- Meditaciones guiadas por expertos renombrados en diversas áreas
- Comunidad global con multitud de grupos y eventos en vivo
- Funcionalidades gratuitas con opción de suscripción premium (MemberPlus)
- Integración con Apple Health para seguimiento de mindfulness
- Interfaz intuitiva y multilingüe, con muchas meditaciones traducidas al español y otros idiomas
Insight Timer es ideal tanto para principiantes como para practicantes avanzados de meditación, ofreciendo una experiencia rica y completa para el cuidado de la salud mental y emocional, disponible en múltiples dispositivos y plataformas.webcatalog+4
- https://webcatalog.io/es/apps/insight-timer
- https://apps.apple.com/sv/app/insight-timer-meditaci%C3%B3n/id337472899
- https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.spotlightsix.zentimerlite2&hl=es
- https://play.google.com/store/apps/details/Insight_Timer_Meditation_App?id=com.spotlightsix.zentimerlite2&hl=es_US
- https://apps.apple.com/us/app/insight-timer-meditate-sleep/id337472899
- https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.spotlightsix.zentimerlite2&hl=es_EC
- https://apps.apple.com/es/app/insight-timer-meditaci%C3%B3n/id337472899
- https://insighttimer.com/es
- https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.spotlightsix.zentimerlite2
- https://dspace.casagrande.edu.ec/bitstreams/8e1c16c7-0ccd-4437-aa9b-ba6876f7a3fd/download
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkcxWIW-f-I
#dailyprompt #InsightNetworkInc #InsightTimer #músicaParaRelajarse #Meditación #mindfulness
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“The bigger, the better”*…
Thea Applebaum Licht with a reminder that, when it comes to size, Texas has got nothing on California…
Between about 1905 and 1915, the United States entered a golden age of postcards. Cheaper and faster mail service, the advent of “divided back” cards (freeing the entire front for images), and improved commercial printing all drove a new mass market for collectible communication. It was at this same moment that a craze for “tall-tale” or “exaggeration” postcards reached its peak. By cutting, collaging, and re-photographing images, artists created out-of-proportion illusions. One of the most popular genres was agricultural goods of fantastic dimensions.
Nowhere were such postcards more popular than in the western states. There, in the heart of the tough business of agriculture, illustrations of folkloric American abundance were understandable favorites. Pride and place were tied up with the prodigious crops. Supersized fruits and vegetables were often accompanied by brief captions: “How We Do Things at Attica, Wis.”, “The Kind We Raise in Our State”, or “The Kind We Grow in Texas”. Photographers like William “Dad” H. Martin and Alfred Stanley Johnson Jr. captured farmers harvesting furniture-sized onions and stacking corn cobs like timber, fisherman reeling in leviathans, and children sharing canoe-like slices of watermelon.
In the series of exaggeration postcards [produced in the run-up to the postcard boom, then published during it] collected [here], it is California that takes center stage. Produced by the prolific San Francisco–based publisher Edward H. Mitchell, each card features a single rail car rolling through lush farmland. Aboard are gargantuan, luminous fruits and vegetables: dimpled navel oranges, a dusky bunch of grapes, and mottled walnuts. Placed end-to-end, the cards would make a colorful train crossing California’s fertile valleys. Unlike other, more action-packed “tall-tale” cards — filled with farmers, fisherman, and children for scale — Mitchell’s series is restrained. Sharply illuminated, the colossal cargo lean toward artwork rather than gag. “A Carload of Mammoth Apples”[here], green-yellow and gleaming, could have been plucked from Rene Magritte’s The Son of Man [here].
Fabulous fruit and vegetables: “Calicornication: Postcards of Giant Produce (1909),” from @publicdomainrev.bsky.social.
In other art-related news: (very) long-term readers might recall that, back in 2008, (R)D reported that London’s Daily Mail believed that it had tracked him down, and that he is Robin Gunningham. Now as Boing Boing reports:
Anyone reading Banksy’s Wikipedia article at any point since a famous Mail on Sunday exposé in 2008 would likely get the impression the secretive stenciler is probably Robin Gunningham or Robert Del Naja, artists who came from the Bristol Underground. Reuters, having conducted extensive research into their movements, finds both men present at critical moments, but only one at all of them: an arrest report from New York City puts Gunningham firmly in the frame, and recent public records from Ukraine put it beyond doubt.
We later unearthed previously undisclosed U.S. court records and police reports. These included a hand-written confession by the artist to a long-ago misdemeanor charge of disorderly conduct – a document that revealed, beyond dispute, Banksy’s true identity. … Reuters presented that man with its findings about his identity and detailed questions about his work and career. He didn’t reply. Banksy’s company, Pest Control, said the artist “has decided to say nothing.”
His long-time lawyer, Mark Stephens, wrote to Reuters that Banksy “does not accept that many of the details contained within your enquiry are correct.” He didn’t elaborate. Without confirming or denying Banksy’s identity, Stephens urged us not to publish this report, saying doing so would violate the artist’s privacy, interfere with his art and put him in danger.
Del Naja (better known for other work) evidently participates in painting the murals and is perhaps the stencil draftsman (Banksy: “he can actually draw”). Banksy’s former manager, Steve Lazarides, organized a legal name change for Gunningham after the Mail on Sunday item, which successfully ended records for Banksy’s movements under his birth name and stymied researchers—until Reuters figured out the new one by poring through Ukrainian public records on days Del Naja was there. Gunningham used the name David Jones, among the most common in the U.K. If it rings a bell, you might be thinking of another famous British artist was who obliged by his record company to find something more unique.
* common idiom
###
As we live large, we might spare a thought for Isaac Newton; he died on this date (O.S.) in 1727. A polymath who was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment that followed, Newton was a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, author, and inventor. He contributed to and refined the scientific method, and his work is considered the most influential in bringing forth modern science. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687, achieved the first great unification in physics and established classical mechanics. He also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with the German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for formulating infinitesimal calculus. (Newton developed calculus a couple of years before Leibniz, but published a couple of years after.) Newton spent the last three decades of his life in London, serving as Warden (1696–1699) and Master (1699–1727) of the Royal Mint, a role in which he increased the trustworthiness/accuracy and security of British coinage in a way crucial to the rise of Great Britain as a commercial and colonial power.
Newton, of course, had a famous relationship with fruit:
Newton often told the story that he was inspired to formulate his theory of gravitation by watching the fall of an apple from a tree. The story is believed to have passed into popular knowledge after being related by Catherine Barton, Newton’s niece, to Voltaire. Voltaire then wrote in his Essay on Epic Poetry (1727), “Sir Isaac Newton walking in his gardens, had the first thought of his system of gravitation, upon seeing an apple falling from a tree.” – source
Newton’s apple is thought to have been the green skinned ‘Flower of Kent’ variety.
Newton’s Tree with Woolsthorpe Manor (where, during the Plague, Newton was staying when he had his insight) behind (source) #apple #art #calculus #culture #currency #EdwardHMitchell #Enlightenment #fruit #gravity #history #humor #IsaacNewton #photography #postcard #Postcards #RoyalMint #Science #scientificRevolution #vegetables -
“The bigger, the better”*…
Thea Applebaum Licht with a reminder that, when it comes to size, Texas has got nothing on California…
Between about 1905 and 1915, the United States entered a golden age of postcards. Cheaper and faster mail service, the advent of “divided back” cards (freeing the entire front for images), and improved commercial printing all drove a new mass market for collectible communication. It was at this same moment that a craze for “tall-tale” or “exaggeration” postcards reached its peak. By cutting, collaging, and re-photographing images, artists created out-of-proportion illusions. One of the most popular genres was agricultural goods of fantastic dimensions.
Nowhere were such postcards more popular than in the western states. There, in the heart of the tough business of agriculture, illustrations of folkloric American abundance were understandable favorites. Pride and place were tied up with the prodigious crops. Supersized fruits and vegetables were often accompanied by brief captions: “How We Do Things at Attica, Wis.”, “The Kind We Raise in Our State”, or “The Kind We Grow in Texas”. Photographers like William “Dad” H. Martin and Alfred Stanley Johnson Jr. captured farmers harvesting furniture-sized onions and stacking corn cobs like timber, fisherman reeling in leviathans, and children sharing canoe-like slices of watermelon.
In the series of exaggeration postcards [produced in the run-up to the postcard boom, then published during it] collected [here], it is California that takes center stage. Produced by the prolific San Francisco–based publisher Edward H. Mitchell, each card features a single rail car rolling through lush farmland. Aboard are gargantuan, luminous fruits and vegetables: dimpled navel oranges, a dusky bunch of grapes, and mottled walnuts. Placed end-to-end, the cards would make a colorful train crossing California’s fertile valleys. Unlike other, more action-packed “tall-tale” cards — filled with farmers, fisherman, and children for scale — Mitchell’s series is restrained. Sharply illuminated, the colossal cargo lean toward artwork rather than gag. “A Carload of Mammoth Apples”[here], green-yellow and gleaming, could have been plucked from Rene Magritte’s The Son of Man [here].
Fabulous fruit and vegetables: “Calicornication: Postcards of Giant Produce (1909),” from @publicdomainrev.bsky.social.
In other art-related news: (very) long-term readers might recall that, back in 2008, (R)D reported that London’s Daily Mail believed that it had tracked him down, and that he is Robin Gunningham. Now as Boing Boing reports:
Anyone reading Banksy’s Wikipedia article at any point since a famous Mail on Sunday exposé in 2008 would likely get the impression the secretive stenciler is probably Robin Gunningham or Robert Del Naja, artists who came from the Bristol Underground. Reuters, having conducted extensive research into their movements, finds both men present at critical moments, but only one at all of them: an arrest report from New York City puts Gunningham firmly in the frame, and recent public records from Ukraine put it beyond doubt.
We later unearthed previously undisclosed U.S. court records and police reports. These included a hand-written confession by the artist to a long-ago misdemeanor charge of disorderly conduct – a document that revealed, beyond dispute, Banksy’s true identity. … Reuters presented that man with its findings about his identity and detailed questions about his work and career. He didn’t reply. Banksy’s company, Pest Control, said the artist “has decided to say nothing.”
His long-time lawyer, Mark Stephens, wrote to Reuters that Banksy “does not accept that many of the details contained within your enquiry are correct.” He didn’t elaborate. Without confirming or denying Banksy’s identity, Stephens urged us not to publish this report, saying doing so would violate the artist’s privacy, interfere with his art and put him in danger.
Del Naja (better known for other work) evidently participates in painting the murals and is perhaps the stencil draftsman (Banksy: “he can actually draw”). Banksy’s former manager, Steve Lazarides, organized a legal name change for Gunningham after the Mail on Sunday item, which successfully ended records for Banksy’s movements under his birth name and stymied researchers—until Reuters figured out the new one by poring through Ukrainian public records on days Del Naja was there. Gunningham used the name David Jones, among the most common in the U.K. If it rings a bell, you might be thinking of another famous British artist was who obliged by his record company to find something more unique.
* common idiom
###
As we live large, we might spare a thought for Isaac Newton; he died on this date (O.S.) in 1727. A polymath who was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment that followed, Newton was a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, author, and inventor. He contributed to and refined the scientific method, and his work is considered the most influential in bringing forth modern science. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687, achieved the first great unification in physics and established classical mechanics. He also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with the German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for formulating infinitesimal calculus. (Newton developed calculus a couple of years before Leibniz, but published a couple of years after.) Newton spent the last three decades of his life in London, serving as Warden (1696–1699) and Master (1699–1727) of the Royal Mint, a role in which he increased the trustworthiness/accuracy and security of British coinage in a way crucial to the rise of Great Britain as a commercial and colonial power.
Newton, of course, had a famous relationship with fruit:
Newton often told the story that he was inspired to formulate his theory of gravitation by watching the fall of an apple from a tree. The story is believed to have passed into popular knowledge after being related by Catherine Barton, Newton’s niece, to Voltaire. Voltaire then wrote in his Essay on Epic Poetry (1727), “Sir Isaac Newton walking in his gardens, had the first thought of his system of gravitation, upon seeing an apple falling from a tree.” – source
Newton’s apple is thought to have been the green skinned ‘Flower of Kent’ variety.
Newton’s Tree with Woolsthorpe Manor (where, during the Plague, Newton was staying when he had his insight) behind (source) #apple #art #calculus #culture #currency #EdwardHMitchell #Enlightenment #fruit #gravity #history #humor #IsaacNewton #photography #postcard #Postcards #RoyalMint #Science #scientificRevolution #vegetables -
Dalle mappe delle Big Tech a Open Street Map
Dalle mappe delle Big Tech a Open Street Map
Nel sito del Di.Day Digital Independence Day, trovate una serie di "Ricette per cambiare" in tedesco (Wechselrezepte). Sono istruzioni dettagliate sotto forma di ricetta di cucina su come passare da un software o servizio delle BigTech a un software o servizio libero ad es. da Microsoft Office a LibreOffice, da Google a Ecosia, da X a Mastodon.
Eccone un'altra in italiano per il Digital Independence Day del primo marzo 2026
La prima si può leggere qui.Testo originale: di.day/de/wechselrezepte/maps
Traduzione autorizzata da Björn Staschen di savesocial.eu/ promotrice del DiDay.
Chi utilizza Google o Apple Maps paga con i propri dati di localizzazione. OpenStreetMap (OSM), invece, è la «Wikipedia delle mappe»: gestita in modo collaborativo, trasparente e rispettosa della privacy. Questa ricetta ti mostra come passare alla Wikipedia delle mappe senza perdere l'orientamento.
Tempo di preparazione:
15 minuti
Difficoltà:
sempliceMetodi di preparazione alternativi
Nelle nostre ricette per cambiare ti mostriamo un modo semplice per dire addio alla Big Tech, ma ce ne sono anche altri. Per semplificarti le cose, ci siamo concentrati su un metodo e su poche possibilità, senza con questo voler dire che le altre opzioni siano peggiori. Si può discutere a lungo sui criteri per definire “buono”, “meno buono” e “cattivo”: noi di DI.DAY ci occupiamo di modi semplici per dire addio alla Big Tech (e non di purismo o dottrina pura). Nelle nostre decisioni siamo stati consigliati dal nostro comitato consultivo.
Ingredienti
Uno smartphone
Android o iOS.Un'app OSM a scelta
per i principianti, ad esempio Organic Maps , CoMaps (veloce, chiara, completamente offline) – per i professionisti OsmAnd (ricca di funzioni, molti livelli).I dati del tuo account Google
se vuoi esportare i luoghi salvati. Con Apple l'esportazione è purtroppo più laboriosa.Preparazione
1. Scegli l'app giusta
Apple / Google Maps sono soluzioni all-in-one. Nel mondo OSM puoi scegliere l'app che più si adatta al tuo stile. Scarica CoMaps o Organic Maps se vuoi semplicemente andare da A a B senza stress, oppure OsmAnd se cerchi anche sentieri escursionistici e dettagli più precisi.
2. Aggiungi le mappe alla ricetta (prima offline!):
A differenza di Google Maps, le app OSM si basano sul download preventivo delle mappe. Apri l'app e scarica, ad esempio, la tua regione o il tuo stato federale. Vantaggio: d'ora in poi potrai navigare senza consumare dati e in modo assolutamente fluido anche in zone senza copertura.
3. Trasferisci i tuoi luoghi preferiti (opzionale)
Hai molte stelle su Google Maps? Secondo le nostre ricerche, Apple consente purtroppo solo di copiare i segnalibri singolarmente nella nuova app. Con Android è possibile farlo anche “in blocco”:
• Vai su Google Takeout dal tuo PC.
• Seleziona solo “Mappe (i tuoi luoghi)” e crea l'esportazione.
• Riceverai un file con estensione .json o .kml.
• Puoi inviarti questo file via e-mail e importarlo in Organic Maps o OsmAnd come “segnalibro” o “traccia”.
4. Sostituisci l'app predefinita
Non cancellare subito Google o Apple Maps, ma rimuovi l'app dalla schermata iniziale. Metti la tua nuova app OSM proprio dove prima c'era l'icona di Google. Nei primi giorni, le tue abitudini ti porteranno automaticamente lì.Dessert
1. Goditi la nuova sensazione...
...di non essere più tracciato ad ogni passo. Noterai che le mappe sono spesso molto più dettagliate quando si tratta di percorsi pedonali, numeri civici o piccoli POI (punti di interesse). (Questa ricetta è stata scritta per noi dal fan di DI.DAY Olaf Zelesnik).
2. Meno raccomandabili...
...sono, a nostro avviso, altre offerte alternative: dietro l'azienda olandese HereWeGo (originariamente Nokia Maps) c'è un consorzio composto da Audi, BMW e Mercedes Benz. Essa utilizza il proprio materiale cartografico, ma trasmette i dati degli utenti, tra l'altro, a Facebook e Google. I dati relativi alla posizione e al traffico vengono raccolti in forma anonima. Non consigliamo nemmeno Waze (del gruppo Google) e MapsMe, perché gli utenti vengono tracciati. Anche l'app outdoor Komoot si collega a Google, Facebook e altri server e trasmette dati.Buon appetito! Hai fatto un enorme passo avanti verso una maggiore indipendenza digitale.
E una volta che #DIDit (HaiFatto), condividi il nostro post sul cambiamento e incoraggia gli altri a prendere in mano la propria privacy digitale!Topping
La piccola azienda berlinese lokjo si concentra sui commercianti e le aziende locali sulla base dei dati di OSM e, secondo quanto dichiarato, senza cookie e tracciamento.
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“I call our world Flatland, not because we call it so, but to make its nature clearer to you, my happy readers, who are privileged to live in Space.”*…
Physicists believe a third class of particles – anyons – could exist, but only in 2D. As Elay Shech asks, what kind of existence is that?…
Everything around you – from tables and trees to distant stars and the great diversity of animal and plant life – is built from a small set of elementary particles. According to established scientific theories, these particles fall into two basic and deeply distinct categories: bosons and fermions.
Bosons are sociable. They happily pile into the same quantum state, that is, the same combination of quantum properties such as energy level, like photons do when they form a laser. Fermions, by contrast, are the introverts of the particle world. They flat out refuse to share a quantum state with one another. This reclusive behaviour is what forces electrons to arrange themselves in layered atomic shells, ultimately giving rise to the structure of the periodic table and the rich chemistry it enables.
At least, that’s what we assumed. In recent years, evidence has been accumulating for a third class of particles called ‘anyons’. Their name, coined by the Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek, gestures playfully at their refusal to fit into the standard binary of bosons and fermions – for anyons, anything goes. If confirmed, anyons wouldn’t just add a new member to the particle zoo. They would constitute an entirely novel category – a new genus – that rewrites the rules for how particles move, interact, and combine. And those strange rules might one day engender new technologies.
Although none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons, it is possible to engineer environments that give rise to them and potentially harness their power. We now think that some anyons wind around one another, weaving paths that store information in a way that’s unusually hard to disturb. That makes them promising candidates for building quantum computers – machines that could revolutionise fields like drug discovery, materials science, and cryptography. Unlike today’s quantum systems that are easily disturbed, anyon-based designs may offer built-in protection and show real promise as building blocks for tomorrow’s computers.
Philosophically, however, there’s a wrinkle in the story. The theoretical foundations make it clear that anyons are possible only in two dimensions, yet we inhabit a three-dimensional world. That makes them seem, in a sense, like fictions. When scientists seek to explore the behaviours of complicated systems, they use what philosophers call ‘idealisations’, which can reveal underlying patterns by stripping away messy real-world details. But these idealisations may also mislead. If a scientific prediction depends entirely on simplification – if it vanishes the moment we take the idealisation away – that’s a warning sign that something has gone wrong in our analysis.
So, if anyons are possible only through two-dimensional idealisations, what kind of reality do they actually possess? Are they fundamental constituents of nature, emergent patterns, or something in between? Answering these questions means venturing into the quantum world, beyond the familiar classes of particles, climbing among the loops and holes of topology, detouring into the strange physics of two-dimensional flatland – and embracing the idea that apparently idealised fictions can reveal deeper truths…
[Shech explains anyons, and considers the various strategies for making sense of them. (They”paraparticles” like anyons don’t actually exit. Or we simply lack the theoretical framwork and experimental work to follow to find them. Or in ultra-thin materials physics, we’ve already found them.) Considering the latter two possibilities, he concludes…]
So, if anyons exist, what kind of existence is it? None of the elementary particles are anyons. Instead, physicists appeal to the notion of ‘quasiparticles’, in which large numbers of electrons or atoms interact in complex ways and behave, collectively, like a simpler object you can track with novel behaviours.
Picture fans doing ‘the wave’ in a stadium. The wave travels around the arena as if it’s a single thing, even though it’s really just people standing and sitting in sequence. In a solid, the coordinated motion of many particles can act the same way – forming a ripple or disturbance that moves as if it were its own particle. Sometimes, the disturbance centres on an individual particle, like an electron trying to move through a material. As it bumps into nearby atoms and other electrons, they push back, creating a kind of ‘cloud’ around it. The electron plus its cloud behave like a single, heavier, slower particle with new properties. That whole package is also treated as a quasiparticle.
Some quasiparticles behave like bosons or fermions. But for others, when two of them trade places, the system’s quantum state picks up a built-in marker that isn’t limited to the two familiar settings. It can take on intermediate values, which means novel quantum statistics. If the theories describing these systems are right, then the quasiparticles in question aren’t just behaving oddly, they are anyons: the third type of particles.
In other words, while none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons – physicists have never ‘seen’ an anyon in isolation – we can engineer environments that give rise to emergent quasiparticles portraying the quantum statistics of anyons. In this sense, anyons have been experimentally confirmed. But there are different kinds of anyons, and there is still active work being done on the more exotic anyons that we hope to harness for quantum computers.
But even so, are quasiparticles, like anyons, really real? That depends. Some philosophers argue that existence depends on scale. Zoom in close enough, and it makes little sense to talk about tables or trees – those objects show up only at the human scale. In the same way, some particles exist only in certain settings. Anyons don’t appear in the most fundamental theories, but they show up in thin, flat systems where they are the stable patterns that help explain real, measurable effects. From this point of view, they’re as real as anything else we use to explain the world.
Others take a more radical stance. They argue that quasiparticles, fields and even elementary particles aren’t truly real: they’re just useful labels. What really exists is not stuff but structure: relations and patterns. So ‘anyons’ are one way we track the relevant structure when a system is effectively two-dimensional.
Questions about reality take us deep into philosophy, but they also open the door to a broader enquiry: what does the story of anyons reveal about the role of idealisations and fictions in science? Why bother playing in flatland at all?
Often, idealisations are seen as nothing more than shortcuts. They strip away details to make the mathematics manageable, or serve as teaching tools to highlight the essentials, but they aren’t thought to play a substantive role in science. On this view, they’re conveniences, not engines of discovery.
But the story of anyons shows that idealisations can do far more. They open up new possibilities, sharpen our understanding of theory, clarify what a phenomenon is supposed to be in the first place, and sometimes even point the way to new science and engineering.
The first payoff is possibility: idealisation lets us explore a theory’s ‘what ifs’, the range of behaviours it allows even if the world doesn’t exactly realise them. When we move to two dimensions, quantum mechanics suddenly permits a new kind of particle choreography. Not just a simple swap, but wind-and-weave novel rules for how particles can combine and interact. Thinking in this strictly two-dimensional setting is not a parlour trick. It’s a way to see what the theory itself makes possible.
That same detour through flatland also assists us in understanding the theory better. Idealised cases turn up the contrast knobs. In three dimensions, particle exchanges blur into just two familiar options of bosons and fermions. In two dimensions, the picture sharpens. By simplifying the world, the idealisation makes the theory’s structure visible to the naked eye.
Idealisation also helps us pin down what a phenomenon really is. It separates difference-makers from distractions. In the anyon case, the flat setting reveals what would count as a genuine signature, say, a lasting memory of the winding of particles, and what would be a mere lookalike that ordinary bosons or fermions could mimic. It also highlights contrasts with other theoretical possibilities: paraparticles, for example, don’t depend on a two-dimensional world, but anyons seem to. That contrast helps identify what belongs to the essence of anyons and what does not. When we return to real materials, we know what to look for and what to ignore.
Finally, idealisations don’t just help us read a theory – they help write the next one. If experiments keep turning up signatures that seem to exist only in flatland, then what began as an idealisation becomes a compass for discovery. A future theory must build that behaviour into its structure as a genuine, non-idealised possibility. Sometimes, that means showing how real materials effectively enforce the ideal constraint, such as true two-dimensionality. Other times, it means uncovering a new mechanism that reproduces the same exchange behaviour without the fragile assumptions of perfect flatness. In both cases, idealisation serves as a guide for theory-building. It tells us which features must survive, which can bend, and where to look for the next, more general theory.
So, when we venture into flatland to study anyons, we’re not just simplifying – we’re exploring the boundaries where mathematics, matter and reality meet. The journey from fiction to fact may be strange, but it’s also how science moves forward…
Eminently worth reading in full: “Playing in flatland,” from @elayshech.bsky.social in @aeon.co.
Pair with: “Is Particle Physics Dead, Dying, or Just Hard?“
* Edwin A. Abbott, Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
###
As we brood over the bondaries of “being” (and knowing), we might spare a thought for Bertand Russell; he died on this date in 1970. A philosopher, logician, mathematician, and public intellectual, he influenced mathematics, logic, and several areas of analytic philosophy.
He was one of the early 20th century’s prominent logicians and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore, and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British “revolt against idealism“. Together with his former teacher Alfred North Whitehead, Russell wrote Principia Mathematica, a milestone in the development of classical logic and a major attempt [if ultimately unsuccessful, pace Godel] to reduce the whole of mathematics to logic. Russell’s article “On Denoting” is considered a “paradigm of philosophy.”
#anyons #being #BertrandRussell #culture #existence #history #logic #Mathematics #particlePhysics #philosophy #Physics #Science -
“I call our world Flatland, not because we call it so, but to make its nature clearer to you, my happy readers, who are privileged to live in Space.”*…
Physicists believe a third class of particles – anyons – could exist, but only in 2D. As Elay Shech asks, what kind of existence is that?…
Everything around you – from tables and trees to distant stars and the great diversity of animal and plant life – is built from a small set of elementary particles. According to established scientific theories, these particles fall into two basic and deeply distinct categories: bosons and fermions.
Bosons are sociable. They happily pile into the same quantum state, that is, the same combination of quantum properties such as energy level, like photons do when they form a laser. Fermions, by contrast, are the introverts of the particle world. They flat out refuse to share a quantum state with one another. This reclusive behaviour is what forces electrons to arrange themselves in layered atomic shells, ultimately giving rise to the structure of the periodic table and the rich chemistry it enables.
At least, that’s what we assumed. In recent years, evidence has been accumulating for a third class of particles called ‘anyons’. Their name, coined by the Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek, gestures playfully at their refusal to fit into the standard binary of bosons and fermions – for anyons, anything goes. If confirmed, anyons wouldn’t just add a new member to the particle zoo. They would constitute an entirely novel category – a new genus – that rewrites the rules for how particles move, interact, and combine. And those strange rules might one day engender new technologies.
Although none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons, it is possible to engineer environments that give rise to them and potentially harness their power. We now think that some anyons wind around one another, weaving paths that store information in a way that’s unusually hard to disturb. That makes them promising candidates for building quantum computers – machines that could revolutionise fields like drug discovery, materials science, and cryptography. Unlike today’s quantum systems that are easily disturbed, anyon-based designs may offer built-in protection and show real promise as building blocks for tomorrow’s computers.
Philosophically, however, there’s a wrinkle in the story. The theoretical foundations make it clear that anyons are possible only in two dimensions, yet we inhabit a three-dimensional world. That makes them seem, in a sense, like fictions. When scientists seek to explore the behaviours of complicated systems, they use what philosophers call ‘idealisations’, which can reveal underlying patterns by stripping away messy real-world details. But these idealisations may also mislead. If a scientific prediction depends entirely on simplification – if it vanishes the moment we take the idealisation away – that’s a warning sign that something has gone wrong in our analysis.
So, if anyons are possible only through two-dimensional idealisations, what kind of reality do they actually possess? Are they fundamental constituents of nature, emergent patterns, or something in between? Answering these questions means venturing into the quantum world, beyond the familiar classes of particles, climbing among the loops and holes of topology, detouring into the strange physics of two-dimensional flatland – and embracing the idea that apparently idealised fictions can reveal deeper truths…
[Shech explains anyons, and considers the various strategies for making sense of them. (They”paraparticles” like anyons don’t actually exit. Or we simply lack the theoretical framwork and experimental work to follow to find them. Or in ultra-thin materials physics, we’ve already found them.) Considering the latter two possibilities, he concludes…]
So, if anyons exist, what kind of existence is it? None of the elementary particles are anyons. Instead, physicists appeal to the notion of ‘quasiparticles’, in which large numbers of electrons or atoms interact in complex ways and behave, collectively, like a simpler object you can track with novel behaviours.
Picture fans doing ‘the wave’ in a stadium. The wave travels around the arena as if it’s a single thing, even though it’s really just people standing and sitting in sequence. In a solid, the coordinated motion of many particles can act the same way – forming a ripple or disturbance that moves as if it were its own particle. Sometimes, the disturbance centres on an individual particle, like an electron trying to move through a material. As it bumps into nearby atoms and other electrons, they push back, creating a kind of ‘cloud’ around it. The electron plus its cloud behave like a single, heavier, slower particle with new properties. That whole package is also treated as a quasiparticle.
Some quasiparticles behave like bosons or fermions. But for others, when two of them trade places, the system’s quantum state picks up a built-in marker that isn’t limited to the two familiar settings. It can take on intermediate values, which means novel quantum statistics. If the theories describing these systems are right, then the quasiparticles in question aren’t just behaving oddly, they are anyons: the third type of particles.
In other words, while none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons – physicists have never ‘seen’ an anyon in isolation – we can engineer environments that give rise to emergent quasiparticles portraying the quantum statistics of anyons. In this sense, anyons have been experimentally confirmed. But there are different kinds of anyons, and there is still active work being done on the more exotic anyons that we hope to harness for quantum computers.
But even so, are quasiparticles, like anyons, really real? That depends. Some philosophers argue that existence depends on scale. Zoom in close enough, and it makes little sense to talk about tables or trees – those objects show up only at the human scale. In the same way, some particles exist only in certain settings. Anyons don’t appear in the most fundamental theories, but they show up in thin, flat systems where they are the stable patterns that help explain real, measurable effects. From this point of view, they’re as real as anything else we use to explain the world.
Others take a more radical stance. They argue that quasiparticles, fields and even elementary particles aren’t truly real: they’re just useful labels. What really exists is not stuff but structure: relations and patterns. So ‘anyons’ are one way we track the relevant structure when a system is effectively two-dimensional.
Questions about reality take us deep into philosophy, but they also open the door to a broader enquiry: what does the story of anyons reveal about the role of idealisations and fictions in science? Why bother playing in flatland at all?
Often, idealisations are seen as nothing more than shortcuts. They strip away details to make the mathematics manageable, or serve as teaching tools to highlight the essentials, but they aren’t thought to play a substantive role in science. On this view, they’re conveniences, not engines of discovery.
But the story of anyons shows that idealisations can do far more. They open up new possibilities, sharpen our understanding of theory, clarify what a phenomenon is supposed to be in the first place, and sometimes even point the way to new science and engineering.
The first payoff is possibility: idealisation lets us explore a theory’s ‘what ifs’, the range of behaviours it allows even if the world doesn’t exactly realise them. When we move to two dimensions, quantum mechanics suddenly permits a new kind of particle choreography. Not just a simple swap, but wind-and-weave novel rules for how particles can combine and interact. Thinking in this strictly two-dimensional setting is not a parlour trick. It’s a way to see what the theory itself makes possible.
That same detour through flatland also assists us in understanding the theory better. Idealised cases turn up the contrast knobs. In three dimensions, particle exchanges blur into just two familiar options of bosons and fermions. In two dimensions, the picture sharpens. By simplifying the world, the idealisation makes the theory’s structure visible to the naked eye.
Idealisation also helps us pin down what a phenomenon really is. It separates difference-makers from distractions. In the anyon case, the flat setting reveals what would count as a genuine signature, say, a lasting memory of the winding of particles, and what would be a mere lookalike that ordinary bosons or fermions could mimic. It also highlights contrasts with other theoretical possibilities: paraparticles, for example, don’t depend on a two-dimensional world, but anyons seem to. That contrast helps identify what belongs to the essence of anyons and what does not. When we return to real materials, we know what to look for and what to ignore.
Finally, idealisations don’t just help us read a theory – they help write the next one. If experiments keep turning up signatures that seem to exist only in flatland, then what began as an idealisation becomes a compass for discovery. A future theory must build that behaviour into its structure as a genuine, non-idealised possibility. Sometimes, that means showing how real materials effectively enforce the ideal constraint, such as true two-dimensionality. Other times, it means uncovering a new mechanism that reproduces the same exchange behaviour without the fragile assumptions of perfect flatness. In both cases, idealisation serves as a guide for theory-building. It tells us which features must survive, which can bend, and where to look for the next, more general theory.
So, when we venture into flatland to study anyons, we’re not just simplifying – we’re exploring the boundaries where mathematics, matter and reality meet. The journey from fiction to fact may be strange, but it’s also how science moves forward…
Eminently worth reading in full: “Playing in flatland,” from @elayshech.bsky.social in @aeon.co.
Pair with: “Is Particle Physics Dead, Dying, or Just Hard?“
* Edwin A. Abbott, Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
###
As we brood over the bondaries of “being” (and knowing), we might spare a thought for Bertand Russell; he died on this date in 1970. A philosopher, logician, mathematician, and public intellectual, he influenced mathematics, logic, and several areas of analytic philosophy.
He was one of the early 20th century’s prominent logicians and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore, and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British “revolt against idealism“. Together with his former teacher Alfred North Whitehead, Russell wrote Principia Mathematica, a milestone in the development of classical logic and a major attempt [if ultimately unsuccessful, pace Godel] to reduce the whole of mathematics to logic. Russell’s article “On Denoting” is considered a “paradigm of philosophy.”
#anyons #being #BertrandRussell #culture #existence #history #logic #Mathematics #particlePhysics #philosophy #Physics #Science -
“I call our world Flatland, not because we call it so, but to make its nature clearer to you, my happy readers, who are privileged to live in Space.”*…
Physicists believe a third class of particles – anyons – could exist, but only in 2D. As Elay Shech asks, what kind of existence is that?…
Everything around you – from tables and trees to distant stars and the great diversity of animal and plant life – is built from a small set of elementary particles. According to established scientific theories, these particles fall into two basic and deeply distinct categories: bosons and fermions.
Bosons are sociable. They happily pile into the same quantum state, that is, the same combination of quantum properties such as energy level, like photons do when they form a laser. Fermions, by contrast, are the introverts of the particle world. They flat out refuse to share a quantum state with one another. This reclusive behaviour is what forces electrons to arrange themselves in layered atomic shells, ultimately giving rise to the structure of the periodic table and the rich chemistry it enables.
At least, that’s what we assumed. In recent years, evidence has been accumulating for a third class of particles called ‘anyons’. Their name, coined by the Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek, gestures playfully at their refusal to fit into the standard binary of bosons and fermions – for anyons, anything goes. If confirmed, anyons wouldn’t just add a new member to the particle zoo. They would constitute an entirely novel category – a new genus – that rewrites the rules for how particles move, interact, and combine. And those strange rules might one day engender new technologies.
Although none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons, it is possible to engineer environments that give rise to them and potentially harness their power. We now think that some anyons wind around one another, weaving paths that store information in a way that’s unusually hard to disturb. That makes them promising candidates for building quantum computers – machines that could revolutionise fields like drug discovery, materials science, and cryptography. Unlike today’s quantum systems that are easily disturbed, anyon-based designs may offer built-in protection and show real promise as building blocks for tomorrow’s computers.
Philosophically, however, there’s a wrinkle in the story. The theoretical foundations make it clear that anyons are possible only in two dimensions, yet we inhabit a three-dimensional world. That makes them seem, in a sense, like fictions. When scientists seek to explore the behaviours of complicated systems, they use what philosophers call ‘idealisations’, which can reveal underlying patterns by stripping away messy real-world details. But these idealisations may also mislead. If a scientific prediction depends entirely on simplification – if it vanishes the moment we take the idealisation away – that’s a warning sign that something has gone wrong in our analysis.
So, if anyons are possible only through two-dimensional idealisations, what kind of reality do they actually possess? Are they fundamental constituents of nature, emergent patterns, or something in between? Answering these questions means venturing into the quantum world, beyond the familiar classes of particles, climbing among the loops and holes of topology, detouring into the strange physics of two-dimensional flatland – and embracing the idea that apparently idealised fictions can reveal deeper truths…
[Shech explains anyons, and considers the various strategies for making sense of them. (They”paraparticles” like anyons don’t actually exit. Or we simply lack the theoretical framwork and experimental work to follow to find them. Or in ultra-thin materials physics, we’ve already found them.) Considering the latter two possibilities, he concludes…]
So, if anyons exist, what kind of existence is it? None of the elementary particles are anyons. Instead, physicists appeal to the notion of ‘quasiparticles’, in which large numbers of electrons or atoms interact in complex ways and behave, collectively, like a simpler object you can track with novel behaviours.
Picture fans doing ‘the wave’ in a stadium. The wave travels around the arena as if it’s a single thing, even though it’s really just people standing and sitting in sequence. In a solid, the coordinated motion of many particles can act the same way – forming a ripple or disturbance that moves as if it were its own particle. Sometimes, the disturbance centres on an individual particle, like an electron trying to move through a material. As it bumps into nearby atoms and other electrons, they push back, creating a kind of ‘cloud’ around it. The electron plus its cloud behave like a single, heavier, slower particle with new properties. That whole package is also treated as a quasiparticle.
Some quasiparticles behave like bosons or fermions. But for others, when two of them trade places, the system’s quantum state picks up a built-in marker that isn’t limited to the two familiar settings. It can take on intermediate values, which means novel quantum statistics. If the theories describing these systems are right, then the quasiparticles in question aren’t just behaving oddly, they are anyons: the third type of particles.
In other words, while none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons – physicists have never ‘seen’ an anyon in isolation – we can engineer environments that give rise to emergent quasiparticles portraying the quantum statistics of anyons. In this sense, anyons have been experimentally confirmed. But there are different kinds of anyons, and there is still active work being done on the more exotic anyons that we hope to harness for quantum computers.
But even so, are quasiparticles, like anyons, really real? That depends. Some philosophers argue that existence depends on scale. Zoom in close enough, and it makes little sense to talk about tables or trees – those objects show up only at the human scale. In the same way, some particles exist only in certain settings. Anyons don’t appear in the most fundamental theories, but they show up in thin, flat systems where they are the stable patterns that help explain real, measurable effects. From this point of view, they’re as real as anything else we use to explain the world.
Others take a more radical stance. They argue that quasiparticles, fields and even elementary particles aren’t truly real: they’re just useful labels. What really exists is not stuff but structure: relations and patterns. So ‘anyons’ are one way we track the relevant structure when a system is effectively two-dimensional.
Questions about reality take us deep into philosophy, but they also open the door to a broader enquiry: what does the story of anyons reveal about the role of idealisations and fictions in science? Why bother playing in flatland at all?
Often, idealisations are seen as nothing more than shortcuts. They strip away details to make the mathematics manageable, or serve as teaching tools to highlight the essentials, but they aren’t thought to play a substantive role in science. On this view, they’re conveniences, not engines of discovery.
But the story of anyons shows that idealisations can do far more. They open up new possibilities, sharpen our understanding of theory, clarify what a phenomenon is supposed to be in the first place, and sometimes even point the way to new science and engineering.
The first payoff is possibility: idealisation lets us explore a theory’s ‘what ifs’, the range of behaviours it allows even if the world doesn’t exactly realise them. When we move to two dimensions, quantum mechanics suddenly permits a new kind of particle choreography. Not just a simple swap, but wind-and-weave novel rules for how particles can combine and interact. Thinking in this strictly two-dimensional setting is not a parlour trick. It’s a way to see what the theory itself makes possible.
That same detour through flatland also assists us in understanding the theory better. Idealised cases turn up the contrast knobs. In three dimensions, particle exchanges blur into just two familiar options of bosons and fermions. In two dimensions, the picture sharpens. By simplifying the world, the idealisation makes the theory’s structure visible to the naked eye.
Idealisation also helps us pin down what a phenomenon really is. It separates difference-makers from distractions. In the anyon case, the flat setting reveals what would count as a genuine signature, say, a lasting memory of the winding of particles, and what would be a mere lookalike that ordinary bosons or fermions could mimic. It also highlights contrasts with other theoretical possibilities: paraparticles, for example, don’t depend on a two-dimensional world, but anyons seem to. That contrast helps identify what belongs to the essence of anyons and what does not. When we return to real materials, we know what to look for and what to ignore.
Finally, idealisations don’t just help us read a theory – they help write the next one. If experiments keep turning up signatures that seem to exist only in flatland, then what began as an idealisation becomes a compass for discovery. A future theory must build that behaviour into its structure as a genuine, non-idealised possibility. Sometimes, that means showing how real materials effectively enforce the ideal constraint, such as true two-dimensionality. Other times, it means uncovering a new mechanism that reproduces the same exchange behaviour without the fragile assumptions of perfect flatness. In both cases, idealisation serves as a guide for theory-building. It tells us which features must survive, which can bend, and where to look for the next, more general theory.
So, when we venture into flatland to study anyons, we’re not just simplifying – we’re exploring the boundaries where mathematics, matter and reality meet. The journey from fiction to fact may be strange, but it’s also how science moves forward…
Eminently worth reading in full: “Playing in flatland,” from @elayshech.bsky.social in @aeon.co.
Pair with: “Is Particle Physics Dead, Dying, or Just Hard?“
* Edwin A. Abbott, Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
###
As we brood over the bondaries of “being” (and knowing), we might spare a thought for Bertand Russell; he died on this date in 1970. A philosopher, logician, mathematician, and public intellectual, he influenced mathematics, logic, and several areas of analytic philosophy.
He was one of the early 20th century’s prominent logicians and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore, and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British “revolt against idealism“. Together with his former teacher Alfred North Whitehead, Russell wrote Principia Mathematica, a milestone in the development of classical logic and a major attempt [if ultimately unsuccessful, pace Godel] to reduce the whole of mathematics to logic. Russell’s article “On Denoting” is considered a “paradigm of philosophy.”
#anyons #being #BertrandRussell #culture #existence #history #logic #Mathematics #particlePhysics #philosophy #Physics #Science -
“I call our world Flatland, not because we call it so, but to make its nature clearer to you, my happy readers, who are privileged to live in Space.”*…
Physicists believe a third class of particles – anyons – could exist, but only in 2D. As Elay Shech asks, what kind of existence is that?…
Everything around you – from tables and trees to distant stars and the great diversity of animal and plant life – is built from a small set of elementary particles. According to established scientific theories, these particles fall into two basic and deeply distinct categories: bosons and fermions.
Bosons are sociable. They happily pile into the same quantum state, that is, the same combination of quantum properties such as energy level, like photons do when they form a laser. Fermions, by contrast, are the introverts of the particle world. They flat out refuse to share a quantum state with one another. This reclusive behaviour is what forces electrons to arrange themselves in layered atomic shells, ultimately giving rise to the structure of the periodic table and the rich chemistry it enables.
At least, that’s what we assumed. In recent years, evidence has been accumulating for a third class of particles called ‘anyons’. Their name, coined by the Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek, gestures playfully at their refusal to fit into the standard binary of bosons and fermions – for anyons, anything goes. If confirmed, anyons wouldn’t just add a new member to the particle zoo. They would constitute an entirely novel category – a new genus – that rewrites the rules for how particles move, interact, and combine. And those strange rules might one day engender new technologies.
Although none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons, it is possible to engineer environments that give rise to them and potentially harness their power. We now think that some anyons wind around one another, weaving paths that store information in a way that’s unusually hard to disturb. That makes them promising candidates for building quantum computers – machines that could revolutionise fields like drug discovery, materials science, and cryptography. Unlike today’s quantum systems that are easily disturbed, anyon-based designs may offer built-in protection and show real promise as building blocks for tomorrow’s computers.
Philosophically, however, there’s a wrinkle in the story. The theoretical foundations make it clear that anyons are possible only in two dimensions, yet we inhabit a three-dimensional world. That makes them seem, in a sense, like fictions. When scientists seek to explore the behaviours of complicated systems, they use what philosophers call ‘idealisations’, which can reveal underlying patterns by stripping away messy real-world details. But these idealisations may also mislead. If a scientific prediction depends entirely on simplification – if it vanishes the moment we take the idealisation away – that’s a warning sign that something has gone wrong in our analysis.
So, if anyons are possible only through two-dimensional idealisations, what kind of reality do they actually possess? Are they fundamental constituents of nature, emergent patterns, or something in between? Answering these questions means venturing into the quantum world, beyond the familiar classes of particles, climbing among the loops and holes of topology, detouring into the strange physics of two-dimensional flatland – and embracing the idea that apparently idealised fictions can reveal deeper truths…
[Shech explains anyons, and considers the various strategies for making sense of them. (They”paraparticles” like anyons don’t actually exit. Or we simply lack the theoretical framwork and experimental work to follow to find them. Or in ultra-thin materials physics, we’ve already found them.) Considering the latter two possibilities, he concludes…]
So, if anyons exist, what kind of existence is it? None of the elementary particles are anyons. Instead, physicists appeal to the notion of ‘quasiparticles’, in which large numbers of electrons or atoms interact in complex ways and behave, collectively, like a simpler object you can track with novel behaviours.
Picture fans doing ‘the wave’ in a stadium. The wave travels around the arena as if it’s a single thing, even though it’s really just people standing and sitting in sequence. In a solid, the coordinated motion of many particles can act the same way – forming a ripple or disturbance that moves as if it were its own particle. Sometimes, the disturbance centres on an individual particle, like an electron trying to move through a material. As it bumps into nearby atoms and other electrons, they push back, creating a kind of ‘cloud’ around it. The electron plus its cloud behave like a single, heavier, slower particle with new properties. That whole package is also treated as a quasiparticle.
Some quasiparticles behave like bosons or fermions. But for others, when two of them trade places, the system’s quantum state picks up a built-in marker that isn’t limited to the two familiar settings. It can take on intermediate values, which means novel quantum statistics. If the theories describing these systems are right, then the quasiparticles in question aren’t just behaving oddly, they are anyons: the third type of particles.
In other words, while none of the elementary particles that physicists have detected are anyons – physicists have never ‘seen’ an anyon in isolation – we can engineer environments that give rise to emergent quasiparticles portraying the quantum statistics of anyons. In this sense, anyons have been experimentally confirmed. But there are different kinds of anyons, and there is still active work being done on the more exotic anyons that we hope to harness for quantum computers.
But even so, are quasiparticles, like anyons, really real? That depends. Some philosophers argue that existence depends on scale. Zoom in close enough, and it makes little sense to talk about tables or trees – those objects show up only at the human scale. In the same way, some particles exist only in certain settings. Anyons don’t appear in the most fundamental theories, but they show up in thin, flat systems where they are the stable patterns that help explain real, measurable effects. From this point of view, they’re as real as anything else we use to explain the world.
Others take a more radical stance. They argue that quasiparticles, fields and even elementary particles aren’t truly real: they’re just useful labels. What really exists is not stuff but structure: relations and patterns. So ‘anyons’ are one way we track the relevant structure when a system is effectively two-dimensional.
Questions about reality take us deep into philosophy, but they also open the door to a broader enquiry: what does the story of anyons reveal about the role of idealisations and fictions in science? Why bother playing in flatland at all?
Often, idealisations are seen as nothing more than shortcuts. They strip away details to make the mathematics manageable, or serve as teaching tools to highlight the essentials, but they aren’t thought to play a substantive role in science. On this view, they’re conveniences, not engines of discovery.
But the story of anyons shows that idealisations can do far more. They open up new possibilities, sharpen our understanding of theory, clarify what a phenomenon is supposed to be in the first place, and sometimes even point the way to new science and engineering.
The first payoff is possibility: idealisation lets us explore a theory’s ‘what ifs’, the range of behaviours it allows even if the world doesn’t exactly realise them. When we move to two dimensions, quantum mechanics suddenly permits a new kind of particle choreography. Not just a simple swap, but wind-and-weave novel rules for how particles can combine and interact. Thinking in this strictly two-dimensional setting is not a parlour trick. It’s a way to see what the theory itself makes possible.
That same detour through flatland also assists us in understanding the theory better. Idealised cases turn up the contrast knobs. In three dimensions, particle exchanges blur into just two familiar options of bosons and fermions. In two dimensions, the picture sharpens. By simplifying the world, the idealisation makes the theory’s structure visible to the naked eye.
Idealisation also helps us pin down what a phenomenon really is. It separates difference-makers from distractions. In the anyon case, the flat setting reveals what would count as a genuine signature, say, a lasting memory of the winding of particles, and what would be a mere lookalike that ordinary bosons or fermions could mimic. It also highlights contrasts with other theoretical possibilities: paraparticles, for example, don’t depend on a two-dimensional world, but anyons seem to. That contrast helps identify what belongs to the essence of anyons and what does not. When we return to real materials, we know what to look for and what to ignore.
Finally, idealisations don’t just help us read a theory – they help write the next one. If experiments keep turning up signatures that seem to exist only in flatland, then what began as an idealisation becomes a compass for discovery. A future theory must build that behaviour into its structure as a genuine, non-idealised possibility. Sometimes, that means showing how real materials effectively enforce the ideal constraint, such as true two-dimensionality. Other times, it means uncovering a new mechanism that reproduces the same exchange behaviour without the fragile assumptions of perfect flatness. In both cases, idealisation serves as a guide for theory-building. It tells us which features must survive, which can bend, and where to look for the next, more general theory.
So, when we venture into flatland to study anyons, we’re not just simplifying – we’re exploring the boundaries where mathematics, matter and reality meet. The journey from fiction to fact may be strange, but it’s also how science moves forward…
Eminently worth reading in full: “Playing in flatland,” from @elayshech.bsky.social in @aeon.co.
Pair with: “Is Particle Physics Dead, Dying, or Just Hard?“
* Edwin A. Abbott, Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions
###
As we brood over the boundaries of “being” (and knowing), we might spare a thought for Bertand Russell; he died on this date in 1970. A philosopher, logician, mathematician, and public intellectual, he influenced mathematics, logic, and several areas of analytic philosophy.
He was one of the early 20th century’s prominent logicians and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore, and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British “revolt against idealism“. Together with his former teacher Alfred North Whitehead, Russell wrote Principia Mathematica, a milestone in the development of classical logic and a major attempt [if ultimately unsuccessful, pace Godel] to reduce the whole of mathematics to logic. Russell’s article “On Denoting” is considered a “paradigm of philosophy.”
#anyons #being #BertrandRussell #culture #existence #history #logic #Mathematics #particlePhysics #philosophy #Physics #Science -
28è Aniversari del CSA Can Vies!
CSA Can Vies, dimecres, 7 de maig, a les 11:00 CEST
Arriba el 28è Aniversari de Can Vies!
Engegem foc als motors un any més amb una programació que inclou un munt d'activitats durant el mes de maig 😈🔥
Aquest any, fem una menció especial a les companyes de l'Horta Alliberada que fa ja 9 anys que s'arrelen en la jungla d'asfalt i especulació que ha esdevingut el nostre barri. Malgrat tot, aquí hem sigut i continuarem creixent al CSA Can Vies com a espai de resistència davant el seu model de ciutat 🌳🌱
Esteu totis convidadis a participar-hi i gaudir amb nosaltres!
I és que sota les vies, hi ha una horta ✊PROGRAMACIÓ
Totes les activitats es duran a terme al 📍CSA Can Vies, excepte on s'especifiqui una altra localització
7 Maig
18:00 Taller autorreparació bicis
21:00 Sopador de gala10 Maig 📍Plaça Màlaga aka Bonet i Muixí
11:30 Contacontes Infantil
13:00 Chirigotas: Les de la chiri enguany presenten les Inkurables
14:30 Dinar a càrrec Parlament 1-3
16:00 Bastoneres de Sants
16:30 Cafè de batalletes
18:00-20:00 Escalabirres amb Rocco Can Batlló
21:00 Sopar a càrrec Parlament 1-3
21:30 Concerts
LIO
Oli
Dj Pintxo Moruno16 Maig
18:00 Presentació proyecto UNA i taller de memes analògics17 Maig
11:00 Ruta Històrica "Del Sants Rural al Sants actual" (sortida plaça de l'Excavadora, Can Vies)18 Maig
11:00 - 13:00 Can Trivies (Trivial Popular) i Portes Obertes Botiga de roba Gratis23 Maig
17:00 -20:00 Jornada de curro a 📍l'Horta Alliberada
20:00 Micro Obert, concert de Júlia Soler i poesia d'Olza Olzeta al 📍 CSA Can Vies24 Maig
12:00 Entrenament i sparring col.lectiu de Boxa i Grappling
16:00 Taller Dark Theremin (eletrònica i experimentació musical)29 Maig
19:00 Presentació del llibre "Pedagogía de l'oprimit" amb EPS i Tigre de Paper30 Maig
19:00 Presentació del llibre "Crear i disputar el barri" i taula rodona31 Maig 📍Horta Alliberada
11:00 Taula Rodona espais okupats
14:30 Dinar antirrepre
16:00 Escalabirres per principiants i dinamització Txetake
18:00 Taller Regueifas amb O Rabelo
16:00 Decorem l'Ex-cavadora
20:30 Cercavila Ex-cavadora amb Pd Ingovernable
21:30 Cop de llum amb Diables de Sants i brindis per la Reokupacióhttps://bcn.convoca.la/event/28e-aniversari-del-csa-can-vies
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Después del incidente de haber perdido parte de el codigo en el que estaba trabajando, me di cuenta que me haría bien tener un repo con el historial de cambios bien establecido para poder revisar lo que he hecho antes en caso de tomar un camino equivocado.
Introducción
Pues verás, no me gusta git. Por pura flojera la verdad. Eso de andarme aprendiendo códigos me parecía tedioso y tener que hacer commits y push a cada rato era un fastidio. Aparte, ¿para mas de subir a un repo publico? para eso solo copio el código a una carpeta y la comparto por samba, nextcloud, syncthing, etc. Es obvio que estaba malinterpretando git.
Para comenzar, git no es una bodega. Malinterpreté esto por culpa de github. La mayoría de la gente solo usa git para publicar en github y ahí queda todo. Normal que piense que solo es una bodega publica. (Antes de que me linches, me refiero a la mayoría de noobs. A veces incluso como consejo los pro suelen decir que publiquen en github a modo de hoja de vida, lo que refuerza esa impresión entre los noobs como yo.)
Por supuesto, tampoco podía apreciar el aspecto colaborativo de git (de hecho no lo aprecio todavía) porque pues, no colaboro con nadie. Así que en cuanto a mi respecta, git era una herramienta muy popular, pero irrelevante para mi.
Aquí te dejo la explicación de la IA que se la habrá sacado de las partes mas oscuras de sus circuitos (o sea, es una mezcla de varias fuentes que me da pereza citar, pero son muy comunes). Pero parece que lo que dice es cierto.
Git es un sistema de control de versiones distribuido (VCS, por sus siglas en inglés) que va mucho más allá de ser solo una «bodega de código». Su propósito principal es rastrear y administrar los cambios realizados en archivos (comúnmente código fuente) a lo largo del tiempo, permitiendo a los desarrolladores colaborar eficientemente y gestionar el historial del proyecto
Git funciona registrando «instantáneas» (llamadas commits) del estado de tus archivos en momentos específicos. Esto te permite navegar por el historial del proyecto y, si es necesario, restaurar versiones anteriores.
¿Es solo una bodega de código?
No. Aunque almacena código, es mucho más que un simple servicio de almacenamiento de archivos. Es el sistema que permite todas las operaciones de control y gestión mencionadas anteriormente.
Plataformas como GitHub, GitLab, o Bitbucket son servicios de alojamiento web que proporcionan una interfaz gráfica y herramientas adicionales (como gestión de proyectos y seguimiento de problemas) que utilizan Git como su tecnología subyacente. El software Git en sí mismo es una herramienta local que gestiona el control de versiones en tu propio ordenador.
El Problema
Soy flojo. Eso de base. Y es fácil sorprenderse que no quiera aprenderme algunos comandos de git o siquiera entenderlos porque bueno, soy programador. Pero es que no le cojo gusto. Especialmente por el lado que malinterpretaba a git como una bodega de archivos, que es justo la razón por la que estoy escribiendo esto. GitHub permite (o permitía, creo que eso cambio con la compra por parte de microsoft) que solo sea gratis los repos públicos. Y escribo tantas tonterías que me daba vergüenza dejar en publico mis desgracias. ¿Podría haber usado bitbucket que si permite cuentas privadas gratuitas? Si. De hecho tengo una cuenta allí, pero ¿pa’ que? mis prejuicios estaban sembrados y mucho de lo que escribo, lo abandono.
Bueno, Necesitaba una excusa para aprender y al mismo tiempo, no quería dejar en público mis vergüenzas. Tras mucho investigar, encontré CGit, que no logré hacer funcionar y por accidente «descubrí» que Git se usaba originalmente por correo electrónico. Podría agregar esta función a mi articulo sobre «cosas que puedes hacer con tu viejo correo electronico». Por supuesto, esto será con fines didácticos. Todo apunta a que es un fastidio mayor de lo que ya era git naturalmente, pero bueh, detallitos. Luego creo que investigare Gogs, porque me interesa tener un repo público para dejar en publico los códigos que mas me interesan.
Gastando pólvora en Gallinazos
Como estoy muy lejos del mundo de git, ni sabia que aun ahora el kernel de linux trabaja mediante el uso de envío de parches por correo electrónico, sin depender de plataformas de github. Parece que el proceso se realiza de esta manera y ya el resultado final es lo que se publica en el perfil de GitHub.
Aun no comprendo del todo el flujo de trabajo, pero por el momento, lo importante es empezar. Si esto se hace muy extenso y no he perdido el interés, podría publicar después otra parte explicando el flujo de trabajo.
Esto es lo que tienes que tener en cuenta para seguir este flujo de trabajo:
Preparar los cambios
En lugar de usar
git push, utilizas el comandogit format-patchpara empaquetar tus commits locales en archivos de texto con formato de «parche» (archivos.patch). Estos archivos contienen todas las diferencias de código y metadatos del commit (autor, fecha, mensaje).Ejemplo:
git format-patch master
Este comando crea archivos como 0001-Mi-primer-parche.patch, listos para ser enviados por correo.
Enviar el parche
Git incluye una herramienta de línea de comandos llamada git send-email que formatea y envía estos archivos de parche como correos electrónicos correctamente estructurados a una lista de correo o a un mantenedor específico del proyecto. Déjame advertirte que si usas Linux, es muy probable que la herramienta de
git send-emailes muy probable de que no este instalada. Recuerda instalarla con tus comandos preferidos.Configuras Git con los detalles de tu servidor SMTP (el servidor de correo saliente), y luego ejecutas:
git send-email --to="[email protected]" 0001-Mi-primer-parche.patch
Aplicar los cambios: git am
El receptor del correo electrónico (el mantenedor del proyecto) recibe el parche. En lugar de fusionar una «pull request» en una interfaz web, utiliza el comando git am (de «apply mbox») para aplicar el parche directamente a su repositorio local.
git am 0001-Mi-primer-parche.patchEste comando aplica el parche, recreando el commit original exactamente como tú lo creaste en tu máquina.
¿Por qué se usa este método?
Aunque el flujo de trabajo con GitHub/GitLab es más popular hoy en día porque es más visual y fácil para principiantes, el flujo de correo electrónico tiene ventajas:
- Descentralización real: No dependes de ningún servicio web de terceros. Solo necesitas acceso a un servidor de correo SMTP estándar.
- Revisión de código integrada en el correo: Las revisiones y comentarios se hacen respondiendo al correo electrónico, y esas respuestas pueden ser leídas e importadas por Git.
- Simplicidad del formato: El formato de parche es un estándar abierto y duradero.
Es interesante como este método se considera como poco amigable con el principiante, mientras que el tradicional y «facil» me resulta aun mas complicado todavia XD.
Inicializando un repo git listo para enviar por email
En realidad, es una tarea bastante sencilla si ya has usado esta herramienta. Solo cambian unas cuantas cosas como las que cité anteriormente. Pero hay detalles que hay que tener en cuenta al hacerlo de esta manera.
Recuerda que para esto, necesitas tener instalado Git y tener acceso a un servidor SMTP de correo. Funciona con gmail y hotmail, claro.
Por cierto, no te preocupes. Estas configuraciones no alteraran tu uso normal de git. Solo le permiten acceder a las funciones que necesitamos para este articulo.
Configura git para correo electrónico
En tu consola ejecuta lo siguiente, configurando los campos con tus necesidades particulares:
# Tu nombre y correo electronico que apareceran en los commits git config --global user.name "Tu Nombre" git config --global user.email "[email protected]" # Detalles del servidor SMTP git config --global sendemail.smtpuser [email protected] git config --global sendemail.smtpserver smtp.ejemplo.com git config --global sendemail.smtpserverport 587 git config --global sendemail.smtpencryption tls git config --global sendemail.smtpauth true # Opcional: para que pida la contraseña interactivamente git config --global sendemail.smtppass "TU_CONTRASEÑA_DE_APP"
Recuerda que servicios como gmail pueden necesitar una clave de autenticación en lugar de la contraseña. Asegúrate de investigar como se configura en esos casos. Yo me lo ahorro porque uso mi propio servidor XD.
Crea un proyecto local
Vamos a crear un proyecto para probar el funcionamiento de esto.
mkdir proyecto-correo-git cd proyecto-correo-git git init echo "Hola mundo" > README.md git add README.md git commit -m "Commit inicial" echo "Nueva linea" >> README.md git add README.md git commit -m "Segundo commit con cambios"
Advertencia de que la rama se llamara main y no master a partir de lla version 3 de gitEmpaqueta los cambios como parches
Recuerda estar atento a que nombre de rama tienes. En mi caso, me ha salido una advertencia indicando que la rama que ha inicializado es la de master, pero que en proximas versiones será llamada main.
Usa
git format-patchpara convertir los commits en archivos de parche. Le diremos que empaquete todos los commits desde el inicio (master) hasta ahora:git format-patch master
Esto creará archivos con nombres como 0001-Commit-inicial.patch y 0002-Segundo-commit-con-cambios.patch.
Bueno, así debería ser, pero en mi caso no funcionó.
Intenté saltarme estos pasos para saber si funcionaba lo demás, pero gracias a este articulo, supe que el formato patch incluye todos los datos que se necesitan para enviar por el correo, razón por la cual se debe enviar mediante el comando apropiado y descargar, no el adjunto, sino todo el archivo original del correo.
Pues veras. Esto depende de que ya estes trabajando activamente en tu proyecto, pero temporalmente, lo que haremos es usar el comando
git format-patch -3, donde 3 es el numero de los últimos commits que desees enviar.Esto generará 3 archivos .patch que te permitirán continuar con el tutorial.
Como curiosidad, te muestro como se ve uno de los archivos de patch:
From 6fb0dc7e5eea4bb7e221a3450137a2bdadefa2f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001From: Drk0027 <[email protected]>Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2025 10:52:43 -0500Subject: [PATCH 1/3] primer commit--- README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 README.mddiff --git a/README.md b/README.mdnew file mode 100644index 0000000..c41d5e0--- /dev/null+++ b/README.md@@ -0,0 +1 @@+"hola mundo" -- 2.52.0.windows.1
Si te das cuenta, tiene el aspecto de un archivo de correo. Indica el archivo inicial, cuantos archivos de patch son y que ha cambiado en cada archivo.
Envía el parche por correo electrónico
Ahora usa
git send-emailpara enviar estos archivos a la dirección de correo del «mantenedor» (que puede ser tu otra dirección de correo para probar):git send-email --to="[email protected]" *.patch
Git usará la configuración SMTP del Paso 1 para enviar los correos. Recibirás mensajes de confirmación en la terminal.
Para mal de mis males, este comando no funcionó para mi. Tras investigar un poco, lo que funcionó para mi fue enviarlos uno por uno con esta variación:
git send-email 0001-primer-commit.patch --to [email protected]
git send-emailRecibir y Aplicar los Parches (Lado del Receptor)
En el ordenador del receptor (o en tu bandeja de entrada de prueba):
- Recibir el correo: Abre el cliente de correo donde recibiste los mensajes.
- Guardar el correo como archivo de texto: Es crucial guardar el correo en su formato original, generalmente como un archivo .eml o mbox, asegurándote de que no se corrompa el formato del parche.
- Usar git am: El receptor navega a su propio repositorio Git local (o crea uno si no existe) y usa git am (apply mbox) para aplicar el archivo de correo:
cd mi-repo-receptor git init # Guarda el correo recibido como 'parche.eml' en esta carpeta git am parche.eml
Con esto ya el receptor tiene su repo listo para ser trabajado. Por supuesto, Puedes transferir los archivos patch de la forma que quieras, siempre que apliques los parches en orden.
Enviando el repo entero por correo
Para enviar un repositorio de Git por correo electrónico, la mejor manera es usar el comando
git bundlepara empaquetar el repositorio completo en un solo archivo y luego adjuntar ese archivo al correo electrónico.Pasos para enviar el repositorio por correo electrónico
Crea un archivo bundle del repositorio.
Navega hasta la raíz de tu repositorio local usando la terminal o línea de comandos y ejecuta el siguiente comando:
git bundle create repo_proyecto.bundle HEAD
Este comando crea un archivo llamado
repo_proyecto.bundleque contiene todo el historial de commits y ramas, desde el HEAD actual (la última versión).Adjunta y enviar el archivo bundle por correo
Utiliza tu cliente de correo electrónico habitual (Gmail, Outlook, etc.):
- Redacta un nuevo correo electrónico.
- Adjunta el archivo repo_proyecto.bundle que acabas de crear.
- Envía el correo al destinatario deseado.
El destinatario recupera el repositorio
La persona que recibe el correo debe guardar el archivo
repo_proyecto.bundleen su máquina y luego puede clonar el repositorio a partir de este archivo, en lugar de una URL remota.En su terminal, debe ejecutar:
git clone repo_proyecto.bundle
Esto creará una copia local completa del repositorio original con todo su historial. Recuerda que el resultado es binario y solo incluye los archivos que hayas hecho commit. Esto significa que no se enviaran los archivos
.patchque creaste anteriormente. (tampoco los necesitas para el bundle)Conclusión
Te voy a ser sincero. Sigo sin entender para que sirve Git XD
O sea, me hago una idea, pero ahora voy a tener una excusa para tratar de entender y trabajar mejor con esta tecnología. Ya desde ahora recién comprendo que no se hace un commit cada edición de los archivos, sino que se lo hace cada que te sientas satisfecho con lo que has hecho decidas que es la fase mas estable de tu trabajo.
Otra cosa que entendí con esta practica, es que Git no es una bodega. Esto significa que no es un sistema para organizar tus archivos ni tampoco un lugar de almacenaje (github lo es, mas o menos)
Por ultimo, también entendí que no es una herramienta de sincronización. Es cierto que permite sincronizar los cambios entre todos los usuarios que participen en el proyecto, pero si tu intención es desplegarlo, no es apropiado que uses git para actualizar en el destino los cambios que hagas en local. Si bien se puede, no es nada recomendable.
Conforme vayas aprendiendo a dominar git, también te darás cuenta de que hay cosas que es mejor ignorar. por ejemplo, las monstruosas carpetas de
node_modules, los archivos.env, la carpetaVendor, etc. Esto es especialmente sensible si publicas en github.Enlaces adicionales
Tutorial de como enviar un parche por correo electrónico.
https://petereisentraut.blogspot.com/2009/09/how-to-submit-patch-by-email.html
Tutorial de como se usa git send-email
https://blog.bisect.de/2012/01/how-to-send-patches-via-git-send-email.html
https://interlan.ec/2025/12/05/articulo-encontre-una-excusa-para-aprender-git-xd/
#articulo #email #git #github #linux #programacion #recursos #selfhosting #tutorial
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Update: 04.05.2024 → Meine Liste mit verifizierten deutschsprachigen Medien im Fediverse wird nicht mehr fortgeführt. Mir fehlt schlicht die Zeit dafür – und andere und auch neue Projekte warten auf mich, die mir absehbar keine weitere Zeit mehr dafür und auch für eine eigentlich geplante Weiterentwicklung einräumen.
Es gibt aber guten Ersatz, beispielsweise hier https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ixsccIFQ4uD2HFlf92Ag7VS3rNOGwa97wFsSb3JxCwo/edit#gid=1602783437 und hier https://verifiedjournalist.org und hier https://data.stefanbohacek.dev/projects/fediverse-accounts
Vielen Dank für das gewaltige Interesse, das ich seit Juli 2023 erfahren habe, für die Vorschläge und die lobenden Worte! 💫
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Backup des ursprünglichen Posts: 140 aktive, offizielle und verifizierte Kanäle von journalistischen und deutschsprachigen Medien :schreiben_01: :zeitung_05: :tv_08: :fotokamera_07: :radio_06: :videokamera_03: im Fediverse:
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗡𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘁𝗲𝗻Die Tagesschau
@tagesschauZDF
@ZDFn-tv
@ntvtaz
@tazgetroeteDer Standard
@derStandardRepublik Magazin
@republik_magazinIslamische Zeitung
@islamischezeitungWOZ - Die Wochenzeitung
@wozt-online
@tonline
Watson
@watson_news
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗡𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘁𝗲𝗻 (𝗿𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹/𝗵𝘆𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗹𝗼𝗸𝗮𝗹)Norddeutscher Rundfunk
@NDRSWR3
@swr3Bayerischer Rundfunk
@BR24Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung
@RNZonlineRNF (Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar)
@RNFdeHeidenheimer Zeitung
@heidenheimer_zeitungDie Sachsen
@diesachsenNordstadtblogger (Dortmund)
@NordstadtbloggerWeddingweiser (Berlin-Wedding)
@weddingweiserStadtkind Hannover
@StadtkindLeipziger Zeitung
@lzLangeoog News
@[email protected]LokalKlick (Rhein-Ruhr)
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗪𝗶𝘀𝘀𝗲𝗻, 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿 & 𝗨𝗺𝘄𝗲𝗹𝘁SWR2 Wissen
@SWR2WissenRiffReporter
@riffreporterDas schöne Leben (RiffReporter)
@das_schoene_lebenDie Weltraumreporter (RiffReporter)
@weltraumKlima Wandeln (RiffReporter)
@KlimaWandelndie ZukunftsReporter (RiffReporter)
@RiffZukunftPlan G-Magazin (RiffReporter)
@Riff_PlanGFlugbegleiter: Natur&Vogelwelt (RiffReporter)
@flugbegleiterscinexx
@scinexxglobalmagazin
@globalmagazinCONTRASTE
@contrastePrincipia
@principiaIn-Mind: Psychologie für alle!
@InMindMagazinMinkorrekt!
@minkorrektklimareporter
@klimareporterGute Pillen – Schlechte Pillen
@gpspmagazinWerkstattGeschichte
@[email protected]Hoaxilla
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗪𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗲𝗿, 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗲 & 𝗕𝗼𝗼𝘁𝗲float magazin
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗝𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗻𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗺𝘂𝘀, 𝗠𝗲𝗱𝗶𝗲𝗻 & 𝗣𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝘇𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗸journalist (@DJV)
@journ_onlineAltpapier (MDR)
@altpapierCORRECTIV
@correctiv_orgBuB Magazin (Forum Bibliothek & Information)
@bub_magazinÜbermedien
@uebermedienSerienjunkies
@serienjunkies
BR Data
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗻Krautreporter
@Krautreporterweltreporter
@weltreporterPerspective Daily
@PerspectiveDaily
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗪𝗮𝘁𝗰𝗵𝗯𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘀 & 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲Volksverpetzer
@VolksverpetzerFragDenStaat
@fragdenstaatAbgeordnetenwatch.de
@a_watchMedWatch.de
@medwatch_deSWR2 Archivradio
@ArchivradioCORRECTIV
@correctiv_orgBelltower.News
@BelltowerNewsEndstation Rechts.
@endstationrechtsAlgorithmWatch
@algorithmwatchMimikama
@mimikamaÜbermedien
@uebermedienHoaxilla
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗿, 𝗧𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗸 & 𝗗𝗶𝗴𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗹𝗲𝘀heise online
@heiseonlinet3n
@t3nheise online (Top News)
@heiseonline_TopNewsheise Security
@heisecc't Magazin (heise)
@ct_Magazinheise Developer
@heisedeveloperMac & i (heise)
@macandiiX Magazin (heise)
@iX_Magazinnetzpolitik.org
@netzpolitik_feedWinfuture.de
@WinFutureDatenschutz-Blog von Mike Kuketz
@kuketzblogDr. Windows
@drwindowsComputerBase
@ComputerBaseMac Life
@maclifeApfeltalk
@apfeltalkDeskmodder
@DeskmodderXboxmedia
@XboxmediamobiFlip
@mobiFlipLinuxNews.de
@linuxnewsGNU/Linux.ch
@[email protected]Nintendo-Online.de
@nintendo_onlineNintendo Connect
@nintendoconnectPS-NOW.de
@ps_nowifun.de + iphone-ticker.de
@ifunmobilsicher
@mobilsicherBinärgewitter
@binaergewitterappgefahren.de (Apple)
@appgefahren
iRights.info
@irightsinfoRetro Gamer
@[email protected]Stay Forever Podcast
@[email protected]Inside IT
@[email protected]Der Standard | Web
@[email protected]Make Magazin (heise)
@[email protected]
soeren-hentzschel.at (non-personal Blog rund um Mozilla)
@s_hentzschel
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗸𝗲𝗵𝗿Bahnblogstelle
@Bahnblogstelleheise Autos
@heiseautos
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗙𝗼𝘁𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗳𝗶𝗲c't Fotografie (heise)
@ct_Fotografie
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗣𝗼𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗸Blätter
@blaetterAnti & Semitisch
@antiundsemitischVerfassungsblog
@verfassungsblogSicherheitshalber
@Sicherheitspod
Lage der Nation
@lagedernationAugen geradeaus!
@augengeradeaus
Caren Miosga
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗪𝗶𝗿𝘁𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗳𝘁Börsen-Zeitung
@bzMoment Magazin
@moment_magazinbeck-aktuell
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗦𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁Frauen reden über Fußball
@FRUEFpodcastBallverliebt
@ballverliebtRasenfunk
@rasenfunkBecker & Pfeiffer
@DerFussballPodLegende verloren
@legendeverloren
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗚𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵𝘁𝗲WerkstattGeschichte
@[email protected]Geschichte der Gegenwart
@g_der_gegenwart
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗦𝗽𝗶𝗲𝗹𝗲Fairplay Magazin
@fairplaymagazinNintendo-Online.de
@nintendo_onlineNintendo Connect
@nintendoconnectStay Forever Podcast
@[email protected]PS-NOW.de
@ps_now
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗔𝘂𝘀𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱Sumikai (Japan-Magazin)
@sumikai
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗞𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿Geschichte der Gegenwart
@g_der_gegenwartneue musikzeitung
@nmzOrchestergraben
@Orchestergraben
Merkur
@merkurzeitschrift
Feuilletöne
@[email protected]
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗤𝘂𝗲𝗲𝗿queer.de
@queerde
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝗯𝗿𝗮𝘂𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗿(𝘀𝗰𝗵𝘂𝘁𝘇)produktrueckrufe.de
@rueckrufportal
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗝𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀Verfassungsblog
@verfassungsblogLegal Tribune Online
@[email protected]iRights.info
@irightsinfo
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗥𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗼𝗻Islamische Zeitung
@islamischezeitungDie Eule
@eulemagazin
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗧𝗩3sat
@3satZDF
@ZDFn-tv
@ntv
RNF (Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar)
@RNFde
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗥𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗼SWR3
@swr3detektor.fm
@detektorfmRadio CORAX
@RadioCORAXFreies Sender Kombinat
@[email protected]LORA München
@lora924Pi Radio
@piradioQuerfunk Karlsruhe
@querfunkRadio Dreyeckland
@RDLRadio Helsinki
@radiohelsinkiTheRadio.cc
@theradioccCampusradio Karlsruhe
@campusradioka
:pfeil_rechts_01: 𝗣𝗼𝗱𝗰𝗮𝘀𝘁𝘀Frauen reden über Fußball
@FRUEFpodcastStay Forever Podcast
@[email protected]Ballverliebt
@ballverliebtRasenfunk
@rasenfunkBecker & Pfeiffer
@DerFussballPodAnti & Semitisch
@antiundsemitischSchönerDenken
@schoenerdenkengeschichte.fm
@GeschichteFMLegende verloren
@legendeverlorenMinkorrekt!
@minkorrektWaldorfsalat-Podcast
@waldorfsalatpodBinärgewitter
@binaergewitterDie Wochendämmerung
@wochendaemmerungSicherheitshalber
@SicherheitspodAstroGeo (@riffreporter)
@astro_geoApfelfunk
@apfelfunknews
Lage der Nation
@lagedernationHoaxilla
@[email protected]DamalsTM
@[email protected]Feuilletöne
@[email protected]
:eil_01: 𝗛𝗶𝗻𝘄𝗲𝗶𝘀𝗲Keine (inoffiziellen) Bots, keine persönlichen Kanäle, keine Satire, keine PR, kein B2B, nur deutschsprachig – und nur aktive, offizielle und verifizierte Accounts von journalistischen Medien. Bei Überschneidungen können Dopplungen in der Liste auftauchen (z. B. publiziert das ZDF als TV-Sender auch News, weshalb es sowohl unter TV und als auch unter Nachrichten eingruppiert ist).
📆 𝗨𝗽𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲Stand: 140 aktive Accounts. Aktualisiert: 25.02.2023 um 10:55 Uhr.
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