#nichdimpact — Public Fediverse posts
Live and recent posts from across the Fediverse tagged #nichdimpact, aggregated by home.social.
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Slower life expectancy gains at the U.S. county level since 2000 linked to increasing levels of poverty, unemployment, and single-parent families plus declines in manufacturing jobs. Esp. in rural areas. #Poverty #Unemployment #SingleParent #LifeExpectancy #NICHDImpact
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36061950 -
Living in an area with high police presence increases the odds of a premature birth for both Black and white residents. Greater police presence in Black vs white neighborhoods may contribute to the persistent Black-White preterm birth disparity. #NICHDimpact #PrematureBirths #Health #Neighborhoods #Policing #RacialDisparities
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34878551 -
Low-level misdemeanor and traffic violations fees have a disproportionate impact on defendants with low incomes, esp. Black and Latinx people. #NICHDImpact #Inequality #Race #TrafficViolations #Misdemeanors #Fees
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35463483 -
Having a larger central family social network (children, parents, in-laws) lowers the odds of having healthy lifestyle factors—favorable body mass index, adequate physical activity, good diet, limited alcohol use, not smoking among US Hispanics/Latinx adults.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31350713
@uncpopcenter #NICHDImpact #Family #Health #Smoking #AlcoholUse #Social
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Young people who lived with an unmarried (single or cohabiting) mother during early childhood and adolescence were more likely to drink and reported more depressive symptoms by age 14 than those with a married mother.
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Compared to US-born Black women, low levels of low birthweight births among daughters of foreign-born Black women is evidence that a lifetime exposure to discrimination and socioeconomic inequality is associated with adverse health outcomes for black women.
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The COVID-19 pandemic caused service disruptions impacting access to abortion, contraceptives, HIV/STI testing, and influencing changes in sexual behaviors, menstruation, and pregnancy intentions.
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A 1% annual increase in condom in the U.S. use could prevent nearly 10,000 cases of sexually transmitted infections.
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Individuals experiencing income loss and food insecurity were more likely to report they would be using a different method of contraception if not for COVID-19, compared to respondents without income loss or food insecurity. A larger share of respondents —14% in July 2020 and 22% in Jan 2021— reported not using their preferred method of contraception due to COVID-19.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34461136
#NICHDImpact #COVID19 #Contraception #HealthDisparities #FPRH
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Race/ethnic income inequality narrowed somewhat between 1959-2015 but remains stark with whites least likely to be poor; Asians most likely to be affluent; Black people and Native Americans much more likely to be poor and less likely to be affluent; Hispanics in between.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31885410
#NICHDImpact #Affluence #Income #Poverty #Education #Immigration #RaceDisparities #IncomeInequality
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Drinking sugar-sweetened beverages during pregnancy linked to poorer diet quality and higher total calorie consumption.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31022225
#NICHDImpact #Sugar #Obesity #Pregnancy #FPRH #Diet #Nutrition
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In 200+ countries, cell phone access is associated with lower gender inequality, higher contraceptive uptake, and lower maternal and child mortality.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32482867
#NICHDImpact #GenderEquality #Contraception #MaternalMortality #ChildMortality #FPRH #Poverty
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Higher level of premature births among black mothers than white linked to socioeconomic factors (mother’s education, marital status, paternity acknowledgment, source of payment for delivery) and hypertension in pregnancy. Birth spacing plays a role for non-first-borns.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31561920
#NICHDImpact #HealthDisparities #Pregnancy #RacialDisparities #Birth #FPRH
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Research suggests that delaying pregnancies beyond 39 weeks and avoiding delivery interventions when not medically necessary would improve infant health and reduce health-care costs.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30698621
#NICHDImpact #InfantHealth #Healthcare #Pregnancy #Birth #FPRH
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Medicaid expansion was associated with increases in Medicaid coverage at Title X clinics and declines in uninsurance, but not with increased client volume.
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After 1996 Welfare Reform: Women were more likely to have their first birth precede their first stable employment, facing a higher risk of single motherhood and lack of both earned income and public cash benefits. For 1 in 4 US single mothers without stable jobs before their first birth: Great Recession job declines linked to having no earned income or public cash benefits.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31057320
#NICHDImpact #Poverty #Mothers #Economics #Welfare #GreatRecession
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In a study of LGBTQIA+ people across generations, the younger cohort was physically healthier, but had worse psychological health than both the middle and older cohorts. Given that compromised mental health in the early life course creates later vulnerability, results point to the need for mental health prevention and intervention for younger cohorts of sexual minority people.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35856801/
#NICHDImpact #Health #MentalHealth #Cohort #LGBTQ #PublicHealth
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The 2017 Trump Administration travel ban on 7 Muslim-majority countries is linked to a rise in premature births among women from those countries residing in the U.S.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33261902
#NICHDImpact #Premature #Births #Policy #Preterm #InfantHealth #Immigrants
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The link btw obesity and arthritis: ~25% of arthritis cases would have been averted by maintaining normal weight from young adulthood to midlife, sparing 2.7 million people.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32374930/
#NICHDImpact #Obesity #Overweight #Health #Arthritis #Cohort #PublicHealth
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Rates of #childlessness for U.S. women ages 40-44 with college degrees are the lowest in over 30 years and are similar to those among women with only high school diplomas.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33184559/
@uncpopcenter #NICHDImpact #Fertility #Education #Childlessness
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Some evidence that those seeking abortions will travel to access those services: Border-state abortions increased for Texas residents after 2013 restrictions (House Bill 2).
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33762170/
#NICHDImpact #Abortion #FPRH #Texas #Travel #AbortionRestrictions
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Pregnant teens seeking abortion without parental consent and their lawyers face stigma and obstacles to petitioning Texas courts for permission.
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Among Colorado nurse practitioners, nurse-midwives, and physician assistants 51% made abortion referrals while 31% referred patients to crisis pregnancy centers that discourage abortion.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33651484/
#NICHDImpact #Abortion #FPRH #Healthcare #Pregnancy #Colorado
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33 year study follows U.S. women who never had children: most postponed childbearing or were undecided in 20s and 30s.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31354175
www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/living-single/201908/women-who-never-have-children-33-year-study@uncpopcenter #NICHDImpact #Children #Childlessness #LifeCourse
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U.S. women born in the late 1980s experienced more cohabitation and intimate relationship breakups in young adulthood than women born in the1960s and 70s.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31354171
#NICHDImpact #Cohort #Cohabitation #Relationships #SocialTrends #SocialChange
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Children of U.S. mothers without 4-year degrees are more likely to experience family instability related to more widespread cohabitation.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31341334
#NICHDImpact #Children #Cohabitation #Marriage #SocialClass #Family #FamilyInstability #HigherEducation
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U.S. states shape educational disparities in health: Excise taxes on cigarettes is one way.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31328170
#NICHDImpact #Cigarettes #Education #EducationalDisparities #Health #HealthDisparities #USStates
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Support from a spouse can buffer the toll discrimination takes on mental health; Spouses in same-sex marriages provide more support than different-sex even when amount of discrimination is considered.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31223514
#NICHDImpact #MentalHealth #Marriage #Discrimination #SocialSupport #Same-sexMarriage
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The millions of dollars spent on U.S. abstinence-only education (1998-2016) had no effect on teen birth rates; in politically conservative states, teen birth rates rose.
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Higher gestational age (40-41 weeks vs. 37-38 weeks) linked to higher academic achievement at age 9 among those born full term, suggesting inductions should wait as long as possible.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34244451 -
Maternity care providers that treat women with dignity and respect and offer support may decrease the risk of maternal and newborn complications, whereas improving communication and autonomy may increase postpartum family planning uptake.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33889853
#NICHDImpact #FPRH #MaternityCare #MaternalHealth #InfantHealth #Family #FamilyPlanning
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Nonmarital birth rates increased in communities that experienced both a rise opioid overdose deaths and higher prescription drug use rates reflecting social disruptions primarily affecting unmarried women.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33834244
#NICHDImpact #Fertility #SubstanceAbuse #Opiods #Births #Family #FPRH
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New mothers who received long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) within 60 days postpartum were 5x less likely to become pregnant within 2 years. Making LARCs more accessible can help patients obtain desired birth intervals.
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A father's involuntary job loss during his spouse's pregnancy increases the risk of a low-weight or preterm baby, particularly among males in utero.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34508593
#NICHDImpact #Employment #Fertility #Birth #LWB #SES #JobLoss #InfantHealth #Preterm #Unemployment
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Abortion seeking women who had visited a crisis pregnancy center were significantly less likely to have had an abortion (30%) than those who had not (51%).
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Black women experience high rates of preterm birth regardless of the proportion of white or Latinx residents in their neighborhood.
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Women who had more negative attitudes about adolescent childbearing as teens are less likely to have had a first birth before age 30.
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Global study suggested that reduced fertility from better access to contraception may not improve women’s health in later life but may benefit her children.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34272282 -
Heightened immigration enforcement linked to less prenatal care and lower infant birth weights among foreign-born U.S. citizens in the southeastern United States.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33534807 -
For transgender women of color: legal gender affirmation – changing one's name and gender marker on official documents – can lessen economic vulnerability and overrepresentation in the criminal justice system by improving access to employment, housing, education, health care, and social services.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36037008
#NICHDImpact #Healthcare #Transgender #GenderAffirmation #CriminalJusticeSystem #Incarceration #Employment #Housing
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Between 2014 & 2019 U.S. premature births (single, not twin) increased by 9.4% - with those delivered by cesarean up 6% & those induced up 39%. Black women faced the greatest risk of premature birth with obstetric intervention.
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The stress of material hardship may explain inconsistent contraceptive use and unintended pregnancy among young women.
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More than 1 in 4 U.S. women would prefer to use a different contraceptive method but cost is an obstacle. Among those using less-effective methods, cost was more likely a barrier for those who were Black or Hispanic, ages 15-24, or low income.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32715289 -
Lower out-of-pocket costs for contraception under the U.S. Affordable Care Act are linked to increased contraceptive use and fewer births, particularly among low-income women.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33156347
#NICHDimpact #ACA #FPRH #BirthRates #Contraception #FertilityRates
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In interviews, young Black and white women express a strong desire to avoid pregnancy and a correspondingly weak desire for pregnancy. Young women can be effectively encouraged and supported in implementing their desires to avoid pregnancy.
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Populations in counties w a prescription drug-related opioid epidemic tend to be small, remote, older, mostly white, former farm/factory areas in decline since 1990s. By contrast, heroin and opioid syndemic counties tend to be more urban, connected to interstates, ethnically diverse, and in general more economically secure. County data provided.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33814639
#DeathsofDespair #NICHDImpact #Opiod #Heroin #Drugs #SubstanceAbuse #Urban #Rural
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Rising deaths from suicide, and drug and alcohol abuse for both Black and white Americans are overwhelmingly driven by increases in drug-related deaths since the late 1990s. Deaths related to alcohol abuse and suicide among both White and black Americans changed during the Great Recession, despite some racial differences across age groups.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33778856
#NICHDImpact #DeathsofDespair #Suicide #Mortality #SubstanceAbuse #RacialDisparities #GreatRecession @AndreaTilstra
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The availability of Vietnam War draft deferments for fathers led to large increases in U.S. fertility rates in the late 1960s among women in their early twenties (likely partnered with draft-eligible men).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33954283
#Vietnam #VietnamWar #Draft #DraftDeferments #Fathers #FertilityRates #NICHDimpact @Histodons.a.gup.pe
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Estimates of the U.S. unauthorized foreign-born population = between 9.1 and 12.2 million (50% chance) and between 7.0 and 15.7 million (95%).
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Study of motherhood penalties and fatherhood premiums suggests employers are likely to trust and provide higher pay to people who become parents while working for them rather than recruits who are parents.