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  1. One cannot be a patriot and hate upon national parks

    “Guard against the impostures of pretended patriotism.”

    George Washington (via brainyquotes.com)

    Source: nps.gov

    We recently drove the northern 120 miles of the Natchez Trace National Historic Parkway in Alabama and Tennessee. The corridor is typically a scenic and relaxing drive along an historic corridor that has been traverse by bison, Native American, and pioneers for centuries. The course includes access to historic sites, natural sites, and lovely view sheds.

    Source: nps.gov

    Having been so impressed while driven a large chunk of the Trace in 2005 between Jackson and Tupelo in Mississippi, it was disconcerting to see the lack of simply routine maintenance along this northern segment. Fallen trees, broken branches, and damaged trees about to fall were common along our 2026 trip. All one could think of was…why is being allowed to deteriorate so sadly.

    What is taking place along the Natchez Trace National Parkway is symbolic of the disgraceful and disrespectful treatment of our treasured national parks, national forests, national monuments, and other public lands across the United States. When an administration’s budget priorities underfund and underserve these awe-inspiring landscapes, they begin to fall apart right in front of our eyes. For the Natchez Trace National Historic Parkway, this becomes quite evident by the plethora of fallen, damaged, and dead trees.

    “Patriot” is an overused and often misapplied term in modern America. Many of our national parks and public lands preserve and protect key locations representing the formation of the nation and its ongoing cultural development. What else could be more patriotic than protecting and preserving the natural, historical, and cultural features that made America in the first place!

    “Those who hate upon our national parks and public lands with budget cuts, staff reductions, selling of development rights, and essentially promoting land abuse are anything but patriots. Instead, they are selfish, greedy souls who live solely for power and the love of money.” – panethos.wordpress.com

    Frankly, the description above is the current administration in D.C. in a nutshell and it is oh, so tiresome and frustrating to observe their nefarious efforts to degrade, devalue, and dismiss our national treasures. Because, one thing is for sure…money, gold, diamonds, and other coveted valuables are not riches at all when compared to majestic snowcapped mountains, scenic vistas, pristine beaches, cascading waterfalls, death-defying rock formations, free-flowing rivers, enormous canyons, and other splendid natural features dotting the American landscape.

    Nor are they riches when compared to the hallowed grounds where our ancestors and loved-ones lived, passed-though, fought, fell, died, and/or are buried. Nor are they riches compared to where our freedoms were won, strengthened, and sustained whether it be on the battlefield, in the courtroom, or on the streets. And lastly, those so-called riches cannot begin to compare to the richness of the American people…their diversity, their uniqueness and individuality, and their tenacity. It doesn’t matter if we came here by ship, by plane, on foot, or already lived upon this land, our strength is rooted in our diversity.

    May we, as a nation, soon return to this paradigm and always remain committed to its welcoming principles.

    Peace!

    #advocacy #environment #fun #geography #greed #history #landUse #landscapes #money #NatchezTrace #NationalParks #opinion #patriotism #publicLands #quotes #selfInterest #tourism #travel
  2. One cannot be a patriot and hate upon national parks

    “Guard against the impostures of pretended patriotism.”

    George Washington (via brainyquotes.com)

    Source: nps.gov

    We recently drove the northern 120 miles of the Natchez Trace National Historic Parkway in Alabama and Tennessee. The corridor is typically a scenic and relaxing drive along an historic corridor that has been traversed by bison, Native American, and pioneers for centuries. The course includes access to historic sites, natural sites, and lovely view sheds.

    Source: nps.gov

    Having been so impressed while driving a large chunk of the Trace in 2005 between Jackson and Tupelo in Mississippi, it was disconcerting to see the lack of simply routine maintenance along this northern segment. Fallen trees, broken branches, and damaged trees about to fall were common along our 2026 trip. All one could think of was…why is this being allowed to deteriorate so sadly.

    What is taking place along the Natchez Trace National Parkway is symbolic of the disgraceful and disrespectful treatment of our treasured national parks, national forests, national monuments, and other public lands across the United States. When an administration’s budget priorities underfund and underserve these awe-inspiring landscapes, they begin to fall apart right in front of our eyes. For the Natchez Trace National Historic Parkway, this becomes quite evident by the plethora of fallen, damaged, and dead trees.

    “Patriot” is an overused and often misapplied term in modern America. Many of our national parks and public lands preserve and protect key locations representing the formation of the nation and its ongoing cultural development. What else could be more patriotic than protecting and preserving the natural, historical, and cultural features that made America in the first place!

    “Those who hate upon our national parks and public lands with budget cuts, staff reductions, selling of development rights, and essentially promoting land abuse are anything but patriots. Instead, they are selfish, greedy souls who live solely for power and the love of money.” – panethos.wordpress.com

    Frankly, the description above is the current administration in D.C. in a nutshell and it is oh, so tiresome and frustrating to observe their nefarious efforts to degrade, devalue, and dismiss our national treasures. Because, one thing is for sure…money, gold, diamonds, and other coveted valuables are not riches at all when compared to majestic snowcapped mountains, scenic vistas, pristine beaches, cascading waterfalls, death-defying rock formations, free-flowing rivers, enormous canyons, and other splendid natural features dotting the American landscape.

    Nor are they riches when compared to the hallowed grounds where our ancestors and loved-ones lived, passed-though, fought, fell, died, and/or are buried. Nor are they riches compared to where our freedoms were won, strengthened, and sustained whether it be on the battlefield, in the courtroom, or on the streets. And lastly, those so-called riches cannot begin to compare to the richness of the American people…their diversity, their uniqueness and individuality, and their tenacity. It doesn’t matter if we came here by ship, by plane, on foot, or already lived upon this land, our strength is rooted in our diversity.

    May we, as a nation, soon return to this paradigm and always remain committed to its welcoming principles.

    Peace!

    #advocacy #environment #fun #geography #greed #history #landUse #landscapes #money #NatchezTrace #NationalParks #opinion #patriotism #publicLands #quotes #selfInterest #tourism #travel
  3. One cannot be a patriot and hate upon national parks

    “Guard against the impostures of pretended patriotism.”

    George Washington (via brainyquotes.com)

    Source: nps.gov

    We recently drove the northern 120 miles of the Natchez Trace National Historic Parkway in Alabama and Tennessee. The corridor is typically a scenic and relaxing drive along an historic corridor that has been traversed by bison, Native American, and pioneers for centuries. The course includes access to historic sites, natural sites, and lovely view sheds.

    Source: nps.gov

    Having been so impressed while driving a large chunk of the Trace in 2005 between Jackson and Tupelo in Mississippi, it was disconcerting to see the lack of simply routine maintenance along this northern segment. Fallen trees, broken branches, and damaged trees about to fall were common along our 2026 trip. All one could think of was…why is this being allowed to deteriorate so sadly.

    What is taking place along the Natchez Trace National Parkway is symbolic of the disgraceful and disrespectful treatment of our treasured national parks, national forests, national monuments, and other public lands across the United States. When an administration’s budget priorities underfund and underserve these awe-inspiring landscapes, they begin to fall apart right in front of our eyes. For the Natchez Trace National Historic Parkway, this becomes quite evident by the plethora of fallen, damaged, and dead trees.

    “Patriot” is an overused and often misapplied term in modern America. Many of our national parks and public lands preserve and protect key locations representing the formation of the nation and its ongoing cultural development. What else could be more patriotic than protecting and preserving the natural, historical, and cultural features that made America in the first place!

    “Those who hate upon our national parks and public lands with budget cuts, staff reductions, selling of development rights, and essentially promoting land abuse are anything but patriots. Instead, they are selfish, greedy souls who live solely for power and the love of money.” – panethos.wordpress.com

    Frankly, the description above is the current administration in D.C. in a nutshell and it is oh, so tiresome and frustrating to observe their nefarious efforts to degrade, devalue, and dismiss our national treasures. Because, one thing is for sure…money, gold, diamonds, and other coveted valuables are not riches at all when compared to majestic snowcapped mountains, scenic vistas, pristine beaches, cascading waterfalls, death-defying rock formations, free-flowing rivers, enormous canyons, and other splendid natural features dotting the American landscape.

    Nor are they riches when compared to the hallowed grounds where our ancestors and loved-ones lived, passed-though, fought, fell, died, and/or are buried. Nor are they riches compared to where our freedoms were won, strengthened, and sustained whether it be on the battlefield, in the courtroom, or on the streets. And lastly, those so-called riches cannot begin to compare to the richness of the American people…their diversity, their uniqueness and individuality, and their tenacity. It doesn’t matter if we came here by ship, by plane, on foot, or already lived upon this land, our strength is rooted in our diversity.

    May we, as a nation, soon return to this paradigm and always remain committed to its welcoming principles.

    Peace!

    #advocacy #environment #fun #geography #greed #history #landUse #landscapes #money #NatchezTrace #NationalParks #opinion #patriotism #publicLands #quotes #selfInterest #tourism #travel
  4. FORESTRY SLASH RISKS PERSIST POST-GABRIELLE AMID REGULATORY SHIFTS

    New forestry rules after Cyclone Gabrielle are questioned for not stopping slash risks on steep land. Who is affected and what happens next?

    #ForestrySlash, #CycloneGabrielle, #EnvironmentalRisk, #NewZealand, #LandUse

    newsletter.tf/forestry-slash-r

  5. New forestry regulations are being questioned for their effectiveness in managing debris after Cyclone Gabrielle, with concerns that large-scale clear-felling on vulnerable slopes may continue.

    #ForestrySlash, #CycloneGabrielle, #EnvironmentalRisk, #NewZealand, #LandUse
    newsletter.tf/forestry-slash-r

  6. Longest international airport runways of North Africa

    Provided below is a list of the longest international airport runways in North Africa. For purposes of this post, North Africa is defined as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Western Sahara.

    Cairo International Airport – Source: forum.wordldairports.com

    Despite the reference to international airports in the post title, some of the airports listed do not have “international” in their name. Similarly, there are some airports with “international” in their name that do not offer flights outside their home nation. This list tries to identify those that actually offer international flights (regardless of their name), which have runway(s) a minimum of 10,000 feet in length.

    Peace!

    Algiers International Airport – Source: elmarcel.com
    1. Runway 04/22: Taba International: Taba, Egypt = 4,118 m/13,513 feet

    2-5. Runways 05C/23C and 05R/23L: Cairo International: Greater Cairo, Egypt and Runways 16L/34R and 16R/34L: Hurghada International: Hurghada, Egypt = 4,000 m/13,123 feet

    6-7. Runways 17L/35R and 17R/35L: Mohammed V International: Casablanca, Morocco = 3,720 m/12,205 feet

    8-9. Runways 01L/19R and 01R/19L: Capital International: Greater Cairo, Egypt = 3,640 m/ 11,980 feet

    10. Runway 16R/34L: Sphinx International: Greater Cairo, Egypt = 3,650 m/11,975 feet

    11-13. Runway 07L/25R: Ahmed Ben Bella Airport: Oran, Algeria and Runways 15R/33L and 15L/33R: Benina International: Bengazi, Libya = 3,600 m/ 11,811 feet

    14. Runway 02/20: Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport: Tamanrasset, Algeria = 3,600 m/ 11,800 feet

    15-16. Runway 03/21: Rabat–Salé Airport: Rabat, Morocco and Runway 10/28: Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport: Tangier, Morocco = 3,500 m/11,483 feet

    17-18. Runways 05/23 and 09/27: Houari Boumediene Airport: Algiers, Algeria = 3,500 m/11,482 feet

    19. Runway 13/31: El Alamein International: El Alamein, Egypt = 3,499 m/11,479 feet

    20. Runway 17/35: Aswan International: Aswan, Egypt = 3,402 m/11,161 feet

    21-22. Runways 14L/32R and 14R/32L: Alexandria International: Alexandria, Egypt = 3,400 m/ 11,156 feet

    23. Runway 15/33: Misrata Airport: Misrata, Libya = 3,400 m/11,155 feet

    24. Runway 14/32: Taba Intentional: Taba, Egypt = 3,392 m/11,130 feet

    25. Runway 11/29: Mitaka International: Tripoli, Libya = 3,376 m/11,076 feet

    26-27. Runway 09/27: Enfidha–Hammamet International: Enfidha, Tunisia and Runway 05L/23R: Cairo International: Greater Cairo Egypt = 3,300 m/10,827 feet

    28. Runway 07/25: Sania Ramel Airport: Tétouan, Morocco = 3,285 m/10,778 feet

    29. Runway 09/27: Tozeur–Nefta International: Nefta, Tunisia = 3,167 m/10,581 feet

    30-33. Runway 09/27: Agadir–Al Massira Airport : Temsia, Morocco; Runway 13/31: Moulay Ali Cherif Airport: Errachidia, Morocco; Runway 09/27: Fès–Saïss Airport: Fez, Morocco; and Runway 1/19: Tunis–Carthage International: Tunis, Tunisia = 3,200 m/10,499 feet

    34. Runway 12/30: Ouarzazate Airport: Ouarzazate, Morocco 3,100 m/ 10,236 feet

    35-36. Runway 12/30: Noumérat – Moufdi Zakaria Airport: Ghardaïa, Algeria and Runway 09/27: Djerba–Zarzis International: Djerba, Tunisia = 3,100 m/10,171 feet

    37-38. Runway 10/28: Marrakesh Menara Airport: Marrakesh, Morocco and Runway 08/26: Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport: Tamanrasset, Algeria = 3,100 m/10,170 feet

    39-40. Runways 04L/22R and 04R/22L: Sharm El Sheikh International: Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt = 3,081 m/10,108 feet

    SOURCES:


    #Africa #airTravel #airportPlanning #airports #Algeria #aviation #cities #design #egypt #geography #landUse #Libya #Morocco #runways #tourism #transportation #travel #Tunisia #WesternSahara
  7. Longest international airport runways of North Africa

    Provided below is a list of the longest international airport runways in North Africa. For purposes of this post, North Africa is defined as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Western Sahara.

    Cairo International Airport – Source: forum.wordldairports.com

    Despite the reference to international airports in the post title, some of the airports listed do not have “international” in their name. Similarly, there are some airports with “international” in their name that do not offer flights outside their home nation. This list tries to identify those that actually offer international flights (regardless of their name), which have runway(s) a minimum of 10,000 feet in length.

    Peace!

    Algiers International Airport – Source: elmarcel.com
    1. Runway 04/22: Taba International: Taba, Egypt = 4,118 m/13,513 feet

    2-5. Runways 05C/23C and 05R/23L: Cairo International: Greater Cairo, Egypt and Runways 16L/34R and 16R/34L: Hurghada International: Hurghada, Egypt = 4,000 m/13,123 feet

    6-7. Runways 17L/35R and 17R/35L: Mohammed V International: Casablanca, Morocco = 3,720 m/12,205 feet

    8-9. Runways 01L/19R and 01R/19L: Capital International: Greater Cairo, Egypt = 3,640 m/ 11,980 feet

    10. Runway 16R/34L: Sphinx International: Greater Cairo, Egypt = 3,650 m/11,975 feet

    11-13. Runway 07L/25R: Ahmed Ben Bella Airport: Oran, Algeria and Runways 15R/33L and 15L/33R: Benina International: Bengazi, Libya = 3,600 m/ 11,811 feet

    14. Runway 02/20: Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport: Tamanrasset, Algeria = 3,600 m/ 11,800 feet

    15-16. Runway 03/21: Rabat–Salé Airport: Rabat, Morocco and Runway 10/28: Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport: Tangier, Morocco = 3,500 m/11,483 feet

    17-18. Runways 05/23 and 09/27: Houari Boumediene Airport: Algiers, Algeria = 3,500 m/11,482 feet

    19. Runway 13/31: El Alamein International: El Alamein, Egypt = 3,499 m/11,479 feet

    20. Runway 17/35: Aswan International: Aswan, Egypt = 3,402 m/11,161 feet

    21-22. Runways 14L/32R and 14R/32L: Alexandria International: Alexandria, Egypt = 3,400 m/ 11,156 feet

    23. Runway 15/33: Misrata Airport: Misrata, Libya = 3,400 m/11,155 feet

    24. Runway 14/32: Taba Intentional: Taba, Egypt = 3,392 m/11,130 feet

    25. Runway 11/29: Mitaka International: Tripoli, Libya = 3,376 m/11,076 feet

    26-27. Runway 09/27: Enfidha–Hammamet International: Enfidha, Tunisia and Runway 05L/23R: Cairo International: Greater Cairo Egypt = 3,300 m/10,827 feet

    28. Runway 07/25: Sania Ramel Airport: Tétouan, Morocco = 3,285 m/10,778 feet

    29. Runway 09/27: Tozeur–Nefta International: Nefta, Tunisia = 3,167 m/10,581 feet

    30-33. Runway 09/27: Agadir–Al Massira Airport : Temsia, Morocco; Runway 13/31: Moulay Ali Cherif Airport: Errachidia, Morocco; Runway 09/27: Fès–Saïss Airport: Fez, Morocco; and Runway 1/19: Tunis–Carthage International: Tunis, Tunisia = 3,200 m/10,499 feet

    34. Runway 12/30: Ouarzazate Airport: Ouarzazate, Morocco 3,100 m/ 10,236 feet

    35-36. Runway 12/30: Noumérat – Moufdi Zakaria Airport: Ghardaïa, Algeria and Runway 09/27: Djerba–Zarzis International: Djerba, Tunisia = 3,100 m/10,171 feet

    37-38. Runway 10/28: Marrakesh Menara Airport: Marrakesh, Morocco and Runway 08/26: Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport: Tamanrasset, Algeria = 3,100 m/10,170 feet

    39-40. Runways 04L/22R and 04R/22L: Sharm El Sheikh International: Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt = 3,081 m/10,108 feet

    SOURCES:


    #Africa #airTravel #airportPlanning #airports #Algeria #aviation #cities #design #egypt #geography #landUse #Libya #Morocco #runways #tourism #transportation #travel #Tunisia #WesternSahara
  8. Marietta City Council unanimously approved a site plan and land swap that will allow Arthur Blank to build a headquarters for his professional women’s soccer team in the city.
    The power and accountability angle is the part to watch.
    #PublicImpact #LocalGovernment #LandUse
    go.noligarchy.us/marietta-appr

  9. SCOTLAND'S COUNTRYSIDE SHIFTS, AND SO DO VOTES

    How changing farming in Scotland affects rural votes. New concerns like land use and costs shape voter choices.

    #ScotlandFarming, #RuralVote, #ScottishPolitics, #LandUse, #FarmEconomy

    newsletter.tf/scotland-rural-v

  10. Rural votes in Scotland are changing as farming practices evolve. This is different from previous elections where farming identity was the main driver.

    #ScotlandFarming, #RuralVote, #ScottishPolitics, #LandUse, #FarmEconomy
    newsletter.tf/scotland-rural-v

  11. Meeting national utility-scale #solar targets would convert less than 0.3% of total agricultural land in Australia and result in annual #agriculture profit losses of $3-30 million, representing less than 0.03% of Australia's farm-gate output: doi.org/10.1111/1467... #LandUse #Renewable #Energy

    Land Use and Economic Trade‐Of...

  12. Meeting national utility-scale #solar targets would convert less than 0.3% of total agricultural land in Australia and result in annual #agriculture profit losses of $3-30 million, representing less than 0.03% of Australia's farm-gate output: doi.org/10.1111/1467... #LandUse #Renewable #Energy

    Land Use and Economic Trade‐Of...

  13. Meeting national utility-scale #solar targets would convert less than 0.3% of total agricultural land in Australia and result in annual #agriculture profit losses of $3-30 million, representing less than 0.03% of Australia's farm-gate output: doi.org/10.1111/1467... #LandUse #Renewable #Energy

    Land Use and Economic Trade‐Of...

  14. Diets in Sub-Saharan Africa have much lower #environment impacts than Western #diets in high-income countries (on #globalwarming, water & #landuse), which is largely due to lower quantities of food consumed, and much lower intake of animal-sourced foods… doi.org/10.1016/j.sp... #meat #dairy >>

    Redirecting

  15. Diets in Sub-Saharan Africa have much lower #environment impacts than Western #diets in high-income countries (on #globalwarming, water & #landuse), which is largely due to lower quantities of food consumed, and much lower intake of animal-sourced foods… doi.org/10.1016/j.sp... #meat #dairy >>

    Redirecting

  16. Diets in Sub-Saharan Africa have much lower #environment impacts than Western #diets in high-income countries (on #globalwarming, water & #landuse), which is largely due to lower quantities of food consumed, and much lower intake of animal-sourced foods… doi.org/10.1016/j.sp... #meat #dairy >>

    Redirecting

  17. new project blog "Uncovering 19th-Century Thuringian Ecology Through Generative AI — Part 1: Historical Context"

    che.hypotheses.org/1779

    #digitalhumanities #che #biodiversity #landuse #ecology

  18. new project blog "Uncovering 19th-Century Thuringian Ecology Through Generative AI — Part 1: Historical Context"

    che.hypotheses.org/1779

    #digitalhumanities #che #biodiversity #landuse #ecology

  19. Splendid water towers (waassertierm) in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

    Source: behance.net and luxtimes.lu

    Well now. It appears that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a serious contender in the race to build the most impressive, remarkable, and awe-inspiring water towers in the world. Just a quick review of the images included within this post shows the incredible range of architectural styles that can be found in just 998 square miles.

    While water towers in North America far too often appear to be carbon copies or rubber stamps of one another, Luxembourg clearly demonstrates how spirited inspiration can be beautifully melded into engineering function. Bravo!

    While French and German are common languages in Luxembourg, this post “primarily” uses the national language, Luxembourgish, for local terms, such as:

    • Waassertuerm = water tower
    • Waassertierm = water towers

    Though, readers will note the use of “Château d’eau” in francophone areas of the country.

    The following list identifies the tallest of these amazing water towers. As information is found on the others (new and old), the list will be updated accordingly.

    Peace/Fridden!

    _______

    1. Waassertuerm Ban de Gasperich “Lighthouse” (2018): Luxembourg City = 68.54 m/224.9 feet
    “Lighthouse” – Source: wortimmo.lu

    2. Waassertuerm Leudelange (2008): Leudelange = 58.1 m/190.6 feet

    Waassertuerm Leudelange – Source: eumiesawards.com

    3. Waassertuerm Dudelange (1928): Dudelange = 56 m/183.7 feet – now a museum

    4. Aquatower: Bergdorf = 55 m/180.4 feet – now an interactive water museum

    Aquatower – Source: commons.wikimedia.org

    5. Waassertrueme und Zentralbehalter: Altrier = 54 m/177.2 feet

    6. Waassertuerm Kirchberg “Nature” 1 (2024): Kirchberg = 53 m/173.9 feet

    Nature 1 and 2 – Source: detail.de

    7. Waassertuerm Kirchberg “Nature” 2 (2024): Kirchberg = 46 m/150.9 feet

    8. Waassertuerm Sandweiler (2000): Luxembourg Airport = 45.5 m/149.3 feet

    9. Waassertuerm an Atelieren (2014): Käerjeng and Niederkerschen (2014)? = 44 m/144.4 feet

    10. Waassertuerm Bonnevoie (1984): Luxembourg City = 40.1 m/131.6 feet

    11. Waassertuerm Senningerberg (1914): Senningerberg = 40 m/131.2 feet – being converted to bicyclist’s hostel

    Waassertuerm Senningerberg – Source: luxtimes.lu

    12. Château d’eau Kinneksbierg: Steinfort = 38 m/

    13. Waassertuerm Reimberg (1931): Reimberg = 34 m/124.7 feet – now used as an exhibition space

    14. Waassertuerm Hivange “Cone” (2003): Hivange = 32 m/105 feet

    “Cone” – Source: en.paperjam.lu

    15. Waassertuerm Limpertsberg (1903): Limpertsberg ~ 30 m/

    16. Château d’eau de Dahl (1985): Dahl = 29 m/98.4 feet

    17. Waassertuerm Dippach “L” (2017): Dippach = 27 m/88.6 feet

    “L” – Source: paulbretz.com “L” – Source: paulbretz.com

    18. Waaassertuerm um Lampertsbierg (1903): Luxembourg City ~ 26.5 m/86.9 feet

    19. Waassertuerm Luxembourg-Belair (1935): Luxembourg City = 21.45 m/70.4 feet

    _______

    More information needed:

    • Château d’eau Derenbach: Derenbach
    • Château d’eau Huldange see below
    • Château d’eau Kleinbettingen (1953)
    • Château d’eau, Louvroil
    • Château d’eau Weiergewan
    • Waassertuerm Altrier # 2
    • Waassertuerm Asselborn
    • Waassertuerm Bartringen
    • Waassertuerm Beaufort
    • Waassertuerm Berdorf #2
    • Waassertuerm Capellan
    • Waassertuerm Cessange: Luxembourg City
    • Waassertuerm Contern: Contern
    • Waassertuerm Dalhem
    • Waassertuerm DuPont Teijin: Contern
    • Waassertuerm Elvange
    • Waasertuerm Fingig
    • Waassertuerm Foetz (1986)
    • Waassertuerm Frissange x 2
    • Waassertuerm Goeblange
    • Waassertuerm Heinerscheid
    • Waassertuerm Hellingen
    • Waassertuerm Hoscheid
    • Waassertuerm Hosingen
    • Waassertuerm Howald
    • Waassertuerm Huldang
    • Waassertuerm Industriezone Contern:
    • Waassertuerm Leudelange #1
    • Waassertuerm vu Mamer
    • Waassertuerm Napoléonsgaard (1928)
    • Waassertuerm Nidderaanwen x 2
    • Waassertuerm Niederanven
    • Waassertuerm Pärel
    • Waassertuerm Perchesberg (1912)
    • Waassertuerm Reckange-sur-Mess
    • Waassertuerm Reckeng op der Mess
    • Waassertuerm Réibierg
    • Waaassertuerm Remerschen
    • Waassertuerm Rippweiler
    • Waassertuerm Rodange Pétange
    • Waassertuerm Schrassig
    • Waassertuerm Steinfort #2
    • Waassertuerm Zessingen
    Source: ingsci.lu

    SOURCES:

    #architecture #cities #design #engineering #Europe #fun #geography #GrandDuchyOfLuxemboug #history #landUse #Luxembourg #style #tourism #towers #travel #waassertierm #waassertuerm #water #waterTowers
  20. Splendid water towers (waassertierm) in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

    Source: behance.net and luxtimes.lu

    Well now. It appears that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a serious contender in the race to build the most impressive, remarkable, and awe-inspiring water towers in the world. Just a quick review of the images included within this post shows the incredible range of architectural styles that can be found in just 998 square miles.

    While water towers in North America far too often appear to be carbon copies or rubber stamps of one another, Luxembourg clearly demonstrates how spirited inspiration can be beautifully melded into engineering function. Bravo!

    While French and German are common languages in Luxembourg, this post “primarily” uses the national language, Luxembourgish, for local terms, such as:

    • Waassertuerm = water tower
    • Waassertierm = water towers

    Though, readers will note the use of “Château d’eau” in francophone areas of the country.

    The following list identifies the tallest of these amazing water towers. As information is found on the others (new and old), the list will be updated accordingly.

    Peace/Fridden!

    _______

    1. Waassertuerm Ban de Gasperich “Lighthouse” (2018): Luxembourg City = 68.54 m/224.9 feet
    “Lighthouse” – Source: wortimmo.lu

    2. Waassertuerm Leudelange (2008): Leudelange = 58.1 m/190.6 feet

    Waassertuerm Leudelange – Source: eumiesawards.com

    3. Waassertuerm Dudelange (1928): Dudelange = 56 m/183.7 feet – now a museum

    4. Aquatower: Bergdorf = 55 m/180.4 feet – now an interactive water museum

    Aquatower – Source: commons.wikimedia.org

    5. Waassertrueme und Zentralbehalter: Altrier = 54 m/177.2 feet

    6. Waassertuerm Kirchberg “Nature” 1 (2024): Kirchberg = 53 m/173.9 feet

    Nature 1 and 2 – Source: detail.de

    7. Waassertuerm Kirchberg “Nature” 2 (2024): Kirchberg = 46 m/150.9 feet

    8. Waassertuerm Sandweiler (2000): Luxembourg Airport = 45.5 m/149.3 feet

    9. Waassertuerm an Atelieren (2014): Käerjeng and Niederkerschen (2014)? = 44 m/144.4 feet

    10. Waassertuerm Bonnevoie (1984): Luxembourg City = 40.1 m/131.6 feet

    11. Waassertuerm Senningerberg (1914): Senningerberg = 40 m/131.2 feet – being converted to bicyclist’s hostel

    Waassertuerm Senningerberg – Source: luxtimes.lu

    12. Château d’eau Kinneksbierg: Steinfort = 38 m/

    13. Waassertuerm Reimberg (1931): Reimberg = 34 m/124.7 feet – now used as an exhibition space

    14. Waassertuerm Hivange “Cone” (2003): Hivange = 32 m/105 feet

    “Cone” – Source: en.paperjam.lu

    15. Waassertuerm Limpertsberg (1903): Limpertsberg ~ 30 m/

    16. Château d’eau de Dahl (1985): Dahl = 29 m/98.4 feet

    17. Waassertuerm Dippach “L” (2017): Dippach = 27 m/88.6 feet

    “L” – Source: paulbretz.com “L” – Source: paulbretz.com

    18. Waaassertuerm um Lampertsbierg (1903): Luxembourg City ~ 26.5 m/86.9 feet

    19. Waassertuerm Luxembourg-Belair (1935): Luxembourg City = 21.45 m/70.4 feet

    _______

    More information needed:

    • Château d’eau Derenbach: Derenbach
    • Château d’eau Huldange see below
    • Château d’eau Kleinbettingen (1953)
    • Château d’eau, Louvroil
    • Château d’eau Weiergewan
    • Waassertuerm Altrier # 2
    • Waassertuerm Asselborn
    • Waassertuerm Bartringen
    • Waassertuerm Beaufort
    • Waassertuerm Berdorf #2
    • Waassertuerm Capellan
    • Waassertuerm Cessange: Luxembourg City
    • Waassertuerm Contern: Contern
    • Waassertuerm Dalhem
    • Waassertuerm DuPont Teijin: Contern
    • Waassertuerm Elvange
    • Waasertuerm Fingig
    • Waassertuerm Foetz (1986)
    • Waassertuerm Frissange x 2
    • Waassertuerm Goeblange
    • Waassertuerm Heinerscheid
    • Waassertuerm Hellingen
    • Waassertuerm Hoscheid
    • Waassertuerm Hosingen
    • Waassertuerm Howald
    • Waassertuerm Huldang
    • Waassertuerm Industriezone Contern:
    • Waassertuerm Leudelange #1
    • Waassertuerm vu Mamer
    • Waassertuerm Napoléonsgaard (1928)
    • Waassertuerm Nidderaanwen x 2
    • Waassertuerm Niederanven
    • Waassertuerm Pärel
    • Waassertuerm Perchesberg (1912)
    • Waassertuerm Reckange-sur-Mess
    • Waassertuerm Reckeng op der Mess
    • Waassertuerm Réibierg
    • Waaassertuerm Remerschen
    • Waassertuerm Rippweiler
    • Waassertuerm Rodange Pétange
    • Waassertuerm Schrassig
    • Waassertuerm Steinfort #2
    • Waassertuerm Zessingen
    Source: ingsci.lu

    SOURCES:

    #architecture #cities #design #engineering #Europe #fun #geography #GrandDuchyOfLuxemboug #history #landUse #Luxembourg #style #tourism #towers #travel #waassertierm #waassertuerm #water #waterTowers
  21. Splendid water towers (waassertierm) in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

    Source: behance.net and luxtimes.lu

    Well now. It appears that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a serious contender in the race to build the most impressive, remarkable, and awe-inspiring water towers in the world. Just a quick review of the images included within this post shows the incredible range of architectural styles that can be found in just 998 square miles.

    While water towers in North America far too often appear to be carbon copies or rubber stamps of one another, Luxembourg clearly demonstrates how spirited inspiration can be beautifully melded into engineering function. Bravo!

    While French and German are common languages in Luxembourg, this post “primarily” uses the national language, Luxembourgish, for local terms, such as:

    • Waassertuerm = water tower
    • Waassertierm = water towers

    Though, readers will note the use of “Château d’eau” in francophone areas of the country.

    The following list identifies the tallest of these amazing water towers. As information is found on the others (new and old), the list will be updated accordingly.

    Peace/Fridden!

    _______

    1. Waassertuerm Ban de Gasperich “Lighthouse” (2018): Luxembourg City = 68.54 m/224.9 feet
    “Lighthouse” – Source: wortimmo.lu

    2. Waassertuerm Leudelange (2008): Leudelange = 58.1 m/190.6 feet

    Waassertuerm Leudelange – Source: eumiesawards.com

    3. Waassertuerm Dudelange (1928): Dudelange = 56 m/183.7 feet – now a museum

    4. Aquatower: Bergdorf = 55 m/180.4 feet – now an interactive water museum

    Aquatower – Source: commons.wikimedia.org

    5. Waassertrueme und Zentralbehalter: Altrier = 54 m/177.2 feet

    6. Waassertuerm Kirchberg “Nature” 1 (2024): Kirchberg = 53 m/173.9 feet

    Nature 1 and 2 – Source: detail.de

    7. Waassertuerm Kirchberg “Nature” 2 (2024): Kirchberg = 46 m/150.9 feet

    8. Waassertuerm Sandweiler (2000): Luxembourg Airport = 45.5 m/149.3 feet

    9. Waassertuerm an Atelieren (2014): Käerjeng and Niederkerschen (2014)? = 44 m/144.4 feet

    10. Waassertuerm Bonnevoie (1984): Luxembourg City = 40.1 m/131.6 feet

    11. Waassertuerm Senningerberg (1914): Senningerberg = 40 m/131.2 feet – being converted to bicyclist’s hostel

    Waassertuerm Senningerberg – Source: luxtimes.lu

    12. Château d’eau Kinneksbierg: Steinfort = 38 m/

    13. Waassertuerm Reimberg (1931): Reimberg = 34 m/124.7 feet – now used as an exhibition space

    14. Waassertuerm Hivange “Cone” (2003): Hivange = 32 m/105 feet

    “Cone” – Source: en.paperjam.lu

    15. Waassertuerm Limpertsberg (1903): Limpertsberg ~ 30 m/

    16. Château d’eau de Dahl (1985): Dahl = 29 m/98.4 feet

    17. Waassertuerm Dippach “L” (2017): Dippach = 27 m/88.6 feet

    “L” – Source: paulbretz.com “L” – Source: paulbretz.com

    18. Waaassertuerm um Lampertsbierg (1903): Luxembourg City ~ 26.5 m/86.9 feet

    19. Waassertuerm Luxembourg-Belair (1935): Luxembourg City = 21.45 m/70.4 feet

    _______

    More information needed:

    • Château d’eau Derenbach: Derenbach
    • Château d’eau Huldange see below
    • Château d’eau Kleinbettingen (1953)
    • Château d’eau, Louvroil
    • Château d’eau Weiergewan
    • Waassertuerm Altrier # 2
    • Waassertuerm Asselborn
    • Waassertuerm Bartringen
    • Waassertuerm Beaufort
    • Waassertuerm Berdorf #2
    • Waassertuerm Capellan
    • Waassertuerm Cessange: Luxembourg City
    • Waassertuerm Contern: Contern
    • Waassertuerm Dalhem
    • Waassertuerm DuPont Teijin: Contern
    • Waassertuerm Elvange
    • Waasertuerm Fingig
    • Waassertuerm Foetz (1986)
    • Waassertuerm Frissange x 2
    • Waassertuerm Goeblange
    • Waassertuerm Heinerscheid
    • Waassertuerm Hellingen
    • Waassertuerm Hoscheid
    • Waassertuerm Hosingen
    • Waassertuerm Howald
    • Waassertuerm Huldang
    • Waassertuerm Industriezone Contern:
    • Waassertuerm Leudelange #1
    • Waassertuerm vu Mamer
    • Waassertuerm Napoléonsgaard (1928)
    • Waassertuerm Nidderaanwen x 2
    • Waassertuerm Niederanven
    • Waassertuerm Pärel
    • Waassertuerm Perchesberg (1912)
    • Waassertuerm Reckange-sur-Mess
    • Waassertuerm Reckeng op der Mess
    • Waassertuerm Réibierg
    • Waaassertuerm Remerschen
    • Waassertuerm Rippweiler
    • Waassertuerm Rodange Pétange
    • Waassertuerm Schrassig
    • Waassertuerm Steinfort #2
    • Waassertuerm Zessingen
    Source: ingsci.lu

    SOURCES:

    #architecture #cities #design #engineering #Europe #fun #geography #GrandDuchyOfLuxemboug #history #landUse #Luxembourg #style #tourism #towers #travel #waassertierm #waassertuerm #water #waterTowers
  22. Wood harvesting and forest management are depleting carbon storage. Old-growth forests in Sweden store ~72% more carbon than the industrial tree plantations that are rapidly replacing them, with soil accounting for most of the difference.

    The top meter of soils in lowland primary forests contained roughly 64% of total C on average.

    Didac Pascual et al. (2026). doi.org/10.1126/science.adz8554

  23. Wood harvesting and forest management are depleting carbon storage. Old-growth forests in Sweden store ~72% more carbon than the industrial tree plantations that are rapidly replacing them, with soil accounting for most of the difference.

    The top meter of soils in lowland primary forests contained roughly 64% of total C on average.

    Didac Pascual et al. (2026). doi.org/10.1126/science.adz8554

    #carbon #carbonSinks #deforestation #timber #emissions #landUse #landUseChange #forests #forestry #offsets

  24. Working List: Tallest water towers (wassertürme) of Austria

    Listed below is information that could be found on the internet for the tallest water towers (wassertürme) in Austria. Unfortunately, the data is limited, so the height for just 11 towers is available.

    Despite the relatively short list, the water towers shown below are quite impressive. Given that much of Austria is quite mountainous, the number of towers will tend to be reduced as hillside/mountainside reservoirs may be employed in places with steep/varied terrain.

    A minimum of 10 meters in height was required for inclusion. As more information is found, the working list will be updated.

    Peace!

    Wasserturm Favoriten – Source: de.wikipedia.org
    1. Wasserturm Favoriten (1899): Vienna = 67 m/219.8 feet

    2. Wasserturm Gaswerk Simmering/Erdberg (1899): Vienna ~ 61 m/200.1 feet

    Wasserturm Gaswerk Simmering – Source: commons.wikimedia.org

    3. Wasserturm Wiener Neustadt (1910): Wiener Neustadt = 50 m/164 feet

    Wasserturm Wiener Neustadt – Source: Facebook.com – by Marina. R

    4. Wasserturm Fischamend (1916): Fischamend = 40 m/131.2 feet

    5. Wasserturm Schlachthof (1917): Graz ~ 40 m/131.2 feet

    6. Wasserturm Zeltweg: Zeltweg ~ 30 m/98.4 feet – now a restaurant

    7. Wasserturm Mönchsberg (1892): Salzburg ~ 27.4 m/90 feet – now an art museum

    Wasserturm Mönchsberg – Source: watertowers.de

    8. Wasserturm Neurißhof (1914): Blumau = 25 m/82 feet

    9. Wasserturm Marchtrenk (1915): Marchtrenk = 24 m/78.7 feet

    10. Wasserturm Weinleiten (2017): Gamlitz = 21 m/68.9 feet – also an observation tower and waterp-realted science museum

    Wasserturm Weinleiten – Source: wasserturm-weinleiten.a

    11. Wasserturm Wolfersberg (1961): Vienna = 12.7 m/41.7 feet

    More information needed:

    • NK Wasserturm
    • Wasserturm Allhaming
    • Wasserturm Alt Nagelberg
    • Wasserturm am Michaelerberger: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Amstetten: Amstetten
    • Wasserturm Andau
    • Wasserturm Arnsdorf-Oberholz
    • Wasserturm Asten
    • Wasserturm Baden bei Wien: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Bahnhof Süßenbrunn: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Bihac: Bihac
    • Wasserturm Blumau 2
    • Wasserturm Braunau am Inn
    • Wasserturm Braunau am Inn 2
    • Wasserturm Bürmoos (1992): Bürmoos
    • Wasserturm Christian-Doppler-Klinik: Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Deutsch-Wagram
    • Wasserturm Dornbirn
    • Wasserturm Dreimarkstein (19??): Vienna
    • Wasserturm Eggenburg
    • Wasserturm Enns
    • Wasserturm Feuerwerksanstalt: Wiener Neustadt
    • Wasserturm Fischamend
    • Wasserturm Freudenau: Vienna
    • Wessertrum Frohnburg HellbrunnerAlle53
    • Wasserturm Gerasdorf
    • Wasserturm Graz (1905): Graz
    • Wasserturm Graz: Graz
    • Wasserturm Graz: Graz
    • Wasserturm Günselsdorf
    • Wasserturm Hard
    • Wassersturm Harlander Coats
    • Wasserturm Hofkirchen
    • Wasserturm Josef-Wokral-Straße 10: Steyr
    • Wasserturm Kammersdorf (1958)
    • Wasserturm Korneuburg
    • Wasserturm Korneuburg 2
    • Wasserturm: Lamprechtshausen-Arnsdorf-Motiv
    • Wasserturm Langenlois
    • Wasserturm Lenzing
    • Wasserturm Linz (1579)
    • Wasserturm Maria Bühel
    • Wasserturm Neubrunn
    • Wasserturm Neunkirchen
    • Wasserturm Niklasdorf: Niklasdorf
    • Wasserturm Obereggendorf
    • Wasserturm Ober-Grafendorf
    • Wasserturm Oberndorf bei Salzburg (1540): Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Oberndorf bei Salzburg: Salzburg 2
    • Wasserturm Obersiebenbrunn – not tall enough based on photos
    • Wasserturm Otto-Koenig-Warte: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Ranshofen
    • Wasserturm Rauchenwarth
    • Wasserturm Riedlkam
    • Wasserturm: Rohrbach an der Gölsen
    • Wasserturm Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Schwadorf
    • Wasserturm Shuttleworth: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Spitz
    • Wasserturm St. Aegyd am Neuwalde
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten 2
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten 3
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten 4
    • Wasserturm Steyr
    • Wasserturm Strasshof an der Nordbahn
    • Wasserturm Tattendorf
    • Wasserturm Teesdorf
    • Wasserturm Türnitz – not tall enough based on photos
    • Wasserturm Vienna x 12
    • Wasserturm Währinger: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Wels (1578): Wels
    • Wasserturm Zimmermann (1919): Berndorf
    • Wasserturm Berndorf 2
    • Wasserturm Berndorf 3
    • Wasserturm Zwischenbrücken (1574): Steyr
    • Wasserturm Zwei Wassertürme: Glanztoff 
    • Wasserturm Ybbs an der Donau – not tall enough based on photos

    SOURCES:

    #Austria #cities #Europes #geography #history #landUse #skylines #stats #tourism #travel #Vienna #Wassertürme #wasserturm #water #waterTowers
  25. Working List: Tallest water towers (wassertürme) of Austria

    Listed below is information that could be found on the internet for the tallest water towers (wassertürme) in Austria. Unfortunately, the data is limited, so the height for just 11 towers is available.

    Despite the relatively short list, the water towers shown below are quite impressive. Given that much of Austria is quite mountainous, the number of towers will tend to be reduced as hillside/mountainside reservoirs may be employed in places with steep/varied terrain.

    A minimum of 10 meters in height was required for inclusion. As more information is found, the working list will be updated.

    Peace!

    Wasserturm Favoriten – Source: de.wikipedia.org
    1. Wasserturm Favoriten (1899): Vienna = 67 m/219.8 feet

    2. Wasserturm Gaswerk Simmering/Erdberg (1899): Vienna ~ 61 m/200.1 feet

    Wasserturm Gaswerk Simmering – Source: commons.wikimedia.org

    3. Wasserturm Wiener Neustadt (1910): Wiener Neustadt = 50 m/164 feet

    Wasserturm Wiener Neustadt – Source: Facebook.com – by Marina. R

    4. Wasserturm Fischamend (1916): Fischamend = 40 m/131.2 feet

    5. Wasserturm Schlachthof (1917): Graz ~ 40 m/131.2 feet

    6. Wasserturm Zeltweg: Zeltweg ~ 30 m/98.4 feet – now a restaurant

    7. Wasserturm Mönchsberg (1892): Salzburg ~ 27.4 m/90 feet – now an art museum

    Wasserturm Mönchsberg – Source: watertowers.de

    8. Wasserturm Neurißhof (1914): Blumau = 25 m/82 feet

    9. Wasserturm Marchtrenk (1915): Marchtrenk = 24 m/78.7 feet

    10. Wasserturm Weinleiten (2017): Gamlitz = 21 m/68.9 feet – also an observation tower and waterp-realted science museum

    Wasserturm Weinleiten – Source: wasserturm-weinleiten.a

    11. Wasserturm Wolfersberg (1961): Vienna = 12.7 m/41.7 feet

    More information needed:

    • NK Wasserturm
    • Wasserturm Allhaming
    • Wasserturm Alt Nagelberg
    • Wasserturm am Michaelerberger: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Amstetten: Amstetten
    • Wasserturm Andau
    • Wasserturm Arnsdorf-Oberholz
    • Wasserturm Asten
    • Wasserturm Baden bei Wien: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Bahnhof Süßenbrunn: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Bihac: Bihac
    • Wasserturm Blumau 2
    • Wasserturm Braunau am Inn
    • Wasserturm Braunau am Inn 2
    • Wasserturm Bürmoos (1992): Bürmoos
    • Wasserturm Christian-Doppler-Klinik: Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Deutsch-Wagram
    • Wasserturm Dornbirn
    • Wasserturm Dreimarkstein (19??): Vienna
    • Wasserturm Eggenburg
    • Wasserturm Enns
    • Wasserturm Feuerwerksanstalt: Wiener Neustadt
    • Wasserturm Fischamend
    • Wasserturm Freudenau: Vienna
    • Wessertrum Frohnburg HellbrunnerAlle53
    • Wasserturm Gerasdorf
    • Wasserturm Graz (1905): Graz
    • Wasserturm Graz: Graz
    • Wasserturm Graz: Graz
    • Wasserturm Günselsdorf
    • Wasserturm Hard
    • Wassersturm Harlander Coats
    • Wasserturm Hofkirchen
    • Wasserturm Josef-Wokral-Straße 10: Steyr
    • Wasserturm Kammersdorf (1958)
    • Wasserturm Korneuburg
    • Wasserturm Korneuburg 2
    • Wasserturm: Lamprechtshausen-Arnsdorf-Motiv
    • Wasserturm Langenlois
    • Wasserturm Lenzing
    • Wasserturm Linz (1579)
    • Wasserturm Maria Bühel
    • Wasserturm Neubrunn
    • Wasserturm Neunkirchen
    • Wasserturm Niklasdorf: Niklasdorf
    • Wasserturm Obereggendorf
    • Wasserturm Ober-Grafendorf
    • Wasserturm Oberndorf bei Salzburg (1540): Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Oberndorf bei Salzburg: Salzburg 2
    • Wasserturm Obersiebenbrunn – not tall enough based on photos
    • Wasserturm Otto-Koenig-Warte: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Ranshofen
    • Wasserturm Rauchenwarth
    • Wasserturm Riedlkam
    • Wasserturm: Rohrbach an der Gölsen
    • Wasserturm Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Salzburg
    • Wasserturm Schwadorf
    • Wasserturm Shuttleworth: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Spitz
    • Wasserturm St. Aegyd am Neuwalde
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten 2
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten 3
    • Wasserturm St. Pölten 4
    • Wasserturm Steyr
    • Wasserturm Strasshof an der Nordbahn
    • Wasserturm Tattendorf
    • Wasserturm Teesdorf
    • Wasserturm Türnitz – not tall enough based on photos
    • Wasserturm Vienna x 12
    • Wasserturm Währinger: Vienna
    • Wasserturm Wels (1578): Wels
    • Wasserturm Zimmermann (1919): Berndorf
    • Wasserturm Berndorf 2
    • Wasserturm Berndorf 3
    • Wasserturm Zwischenbrücken (1574): Steyr
    • Wasserturm Zwei Wassertürme: Glanztoff 
    • Wasserturm Ybbs an der Donau – not tall enough based on photos

    SOURCES:

    #Austria #cities #Europes #geography #history #landUse #skylines #stats #tourism #travel #Vienna #Wassertürme #wasserturm #water #waterTowers