Cameras roll on revenge thriller "Feral" in #Calgary. New film with Michael Eklund and Nicole Muñoz from writer/director Robert Cuffley
https://www.instagram.com/p/DefQ3H1ErPT/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&exln=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==
Search
429 results for “area_33”
-
Katharine King So is among the 2026 recipients of the #Reelworld Trailblazer Awards
https://www.reelworld.ca/reelworld-2026-trailblazers -
Shoplifting Is Always Revolutionary - Thoughts on #Gerontophilia, a film by Bruce LaBruce (limited spoilers)
Mustang https://mustang.areathirtythree.com/tis-but-thy-name-that-is-my-enemy/ -
#Gerontophilia, a film by Bruce LaBruce, is now streaming on the Criterion Channel
https://www.criterionchannel.com/films/fjBS58vO/gerontophilia
-
"In the eyes of their showrunner, Kat Sandler, the four leads of #Yaga constitute 'the Canadian Avengers.'"
https://ew.com/yaga-carrie-anne-moss-hudson-williams-cover-story-exclusive-12181921 -
#LigaMX I JORNADA 13 I Min 33' ⏱️
¡GOL DE RAYADOS! Lucas Ocampos se dio la media vuelta dentro del área y con la derecha puso el balón en el ángulo para firmar el tercero de la Pandilla ante #Puebla.
👉 Apuesta aquí https://bit.ly/CalienteEnOnce
Acciones: https://bit.ly/4yE8zDP
-
https://www.europesays.com/3322716/ Will President Trump’s visit to the Wichita area sway voters? #12News #DonaldTrump #EarlyVoting #kake #KakeNews #ksn #KsnNews #KWCH #Kwch12 #Kwch12News #KwchNews #POTUS #president #PresidentDonaldTrump #PresidentOfTheUnitedStates #PresidentTrump #trump #TrumpVisit #TrumpWichita
-
https://www.europesays.com/3326064/ There’s been an uptick in violent ICE arrests in the Bay Area, immigration attorneys warn #Home:Lead #immigrant #Immigration
-
📻 Top 10 @acarsdrama posts (past 24h):
📊 Total Engagement: ❤️ 38 | 🔄 33 | 📈 71 | 📊 Avg: 7.1⏰ 00:39 UTC | ❤️ 25 | 🔄 18 | 📊 43
📝 Air to Ground Message: WE MAY HAVE A NOROVIRUS ISSUE. MIN 8 PAX VOMITING WILL KEEP YOU UPDATED Area: Rotterdam, Netherlands Type: Airbus A320neoA: #ad...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481771391569395⏰ 15:24 UTC | ❤️ 6 | 🔄 8 | 📊 14
📝 Air to Ground Message: IF YOU CHOKE A SMURF DOES IT TURN WHITE Area: Killeen, TX, USA Type: Boeing 767-300A: #a06277aa76b F: #f586ad788c8 #acars #vdlm...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117485251340651958⏰ 20:16 UTC | ❤️ 2 | 🔄 1 | 📊 3
📝 Air to Ground Message: ENJOY UR TIME OFF POOKY BEAR BIG SMILEY FACE Area: Wichita, KS, USA Type: Boeing 767-300A: #af83fb6745a F: #ff8384b2108 #acars ...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117486399552284512⏰ 00:42 UTC | ❤️ 3 | 🔄 0 | 📊 3
📝 Air to Ground Message: ACTUALLY I JUST TRIED IT AGAIN AND SEEMS TO BE WORKING. MAYBE JUST USER ERROR Area: Killeen, TX, USA Type: Embraer 175 (Enhance...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481783242984219⏰ 12:24 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 2 | 📊 2
📝 Air to Ground Message: AFT LAV TOILET PAPER HOLDER FELL OFF AND GOT FLUSHED Area: Cleveland, OH, USA A: #a530e9d4178 F: #fbe365d77e5 #acars #vdlm2
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117484543572196780⏰ 01:31 UTC | ❤️ 1 | 🔄 1 | 📊 2
📝 Air to Ground Message: SO... NEED A FAVOR IF POSSIBLE PLEASE... PASSENGER ON BOARD WITH A TIGHT CONNECTION ON XXXXXX TO KCMH... TRAVELING HOME TO VISI...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481975871451073⏰ 22:06 UTC | ❤️ 1 | 🔄 0 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: MALE AGE 40 REQUEST MED ASSIST AT GATE PASSED OUT Area: Orlando, FL, USA Type: Boeing 737-800A: #a54066fc09e F: #f13b92bafa9 #a...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117486832054860793⏰ 21:33 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: WORK YOUR MAGIC. Area: Philadelphia, PA, USA Type: Boeing 737 MAX 9A: #a7f10a73b91 F: #f32ed0b3b8c #acars #vdlm2
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117486702271350658⏰ 21:15 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: PLS ADVISE LGG MAINT NO WATER FLOWS FROM ANY FAUCET OR TOILET FLUSH Area: Boston, MA, USA Type: Boeing 777-200LRA: #a85bd4336cc...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117486631793119450⏰ 21:11 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: TOUCHDOWN WITH 13.7 PROJECTED AND STILL HAVE TO TAXI. GOT STUCK BEHIND A IR FORCE PLANE. Area: Nanaimo, BC, Canada Type: Boeing...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117486615792869267
-
Will President Trump’s visit to the Wichita area sway voters?
WICHITA, Kan. (KWCH) – 12 News heard from many viewers regarding President Trump’s visit to the Wichita area…
#UnitedStates #US #USA #12news #DonaldTrump #earlyvoting #kake #kakenews #ksn #ksnnews #KWCH #kwch12 #kwch12news #kwchnews #POTUS #president #presidentdonaldtrump #presidentoftheUnitedStates #presidenttrump #trump #trumpvisit #trumpwichita
https://www.europesays.com/3322716/ -
#FireVegetation #CondonQld #QH30 See https://www.fire.qld.gov.au/Current-Incidents for official warnings from the QFD. DO NOT RELY ON THIS SERVICE FOR TIMELY EMERGENCY WARNINGS.
Information - CONDON (QF1-26-143505)
Location: CONDON -19.33317° latitude, 146.70798° longitude, grid square QH30IQ40
Map: https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=14/-19.33317/146.70798
Incident Type: FIRE VEGETATION
Alert Level: Information
Severity: Minor
Action:
Expires: 2026-10-24T04:54:19+10:00There is a vegetation fire at this location. Smoke may affect residents and motorists in the area. Residents should close their doors and windows and keep medication close by if suffering from a respiratory condition. Motorists should use caution and drive to conditions. If you believe your property is under threat, you should call Triple Zero (000) immediately.
- https://www.fire.qld.gov.au/Current-Incidents ← Click here for current QFD incidents and warnings
- https://www.fire.qld.gov.au/prepare/bushfire/prepare-for-bushfire-season ← Click here for bushfire preparation tips
- https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/air-quality/#health_levels_info ← Click here for health advice and air quality information
- Follow QFD on https://www.facebook.com/qldfiredepartment ← Facebook and https://x.com/QldFireDept ← X.com
- https://qldtraffic.qld.gov.au ← Click here for road closure information or call 131940- See https://reception.abc.net.au/ for a listing of ABC Local Radio stations which may be broadcasting emergency information in your area. #CondonQld #Information #FireVegetation #QH30
-
"Behind a wire fence lies a vast gaping wound of earth. Before Google’s arrival a few months ago, an estimated quarter of a million trees occupied the 330 hectares (815 acres) of forest near the town of Muhos in rural northern Finland. Now they are all gone.
After the tech company illegally stripped the entire area to build a datacentre – taking even the top soil with it – all that remains is a vast expanse of mud indented with the trail marks of machinery, puddles and mounds of earth, roots and branches. Residents say that brown water flowing off the site is going into a stream that feeds the Oulujoki River.
“It doesn’t end. It goes on and on,” says Mari Annala, an ecologist from the Finnish Association for Nature Conservation (SLL), looking at drone footage of the former forest from the perimeter."
With 145 new datacentres at various stages of planning, Finland has found itself at the forefront of the tech companies’ latest push. As well as its relative geopolitical and geological stability and abundance of land, the cool climate makes it especially attractive for saving on energy costs."
-
📻 Top 10 @acarsdrama posts (past 24h):
📊 Total Engagement: ❤️ 9 | 🔄 18 | 📈 27 | 📊 Avg: 2.7⏰ 20:07 UTC | ❤️ 3 | 🔄 4 | 📊 7
📝 Air to Ground Message: IF I ASK VERY NICELY CAN WE GET BUG WASH Area: Philadelphia, PA, USA Type: Bombardier CRJ900A: #a74f86b92f4 F: #fd48a77c4b8 #ac...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117480701817925777⏰ 16:48 UTC | ❤️ 3 | 🔄 3 | 📊 6
📝 Air to Ground Message: CAN CONFIRM. NO ONES TAKING THEM DOWN OR PASSING AROUND. STILL 23 BOTTLES OF POP ON THE WALL Area: Orlando, FL, USA Type: Bomba...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117479919358263843⏰ 14:26 UTC | ❤️ 2 | 🔄 2 | 📊 4
📝 Air to Ground Message: YOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO XXXX XXX U GUNNA BEAT US +.- STAR EYE EMOJI -.+ Area: Wichita, KS, USA Type: Boeing 737-800A: #a6dd931...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117479361840868595⏰ 19:49 UTC | ❤️ 1 | 🔄 1 | 📊 2
📝 Air to Ground Message: SEAT 31B CUSHION WET FROM UNKNOWN LIQUID. Area: Kleine Brogel, Belgium Type: Airbus A320neoA: #a66f6535f0c F: #f74fa88596e #aca...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117480631838808954⏰ 15:10 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 2 | 📊 2
📝 Air to Ground Message: SADNESS ENSUES WE WILL MISS OUR GOAT DEARLY Area: Charlotte, NC, USA Type: Boeing 737-800A: #a56fb773a66 F: #f38b6f795b9 #acars...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117479533993711934⏰ 14:58 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 2 | 📊 2
📝 Air to Ground Message: DISCREPANCY OVER INFANT Area: Chester, UK Type: Airbus A320neoA: #a7d3535bcae F: #faad4d50826 #acars #vdlm2
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117479486795658756⏰ 22:47 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: PAX HAVING SEIZURE NEED MEDICAL AT GATE Area: Philadelphia, PA, USA Type: Airbus A321neoA: #a29a1913d29 F: #fb935903df6 #acars ...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481330988592606⏰ 22:43 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: YEAH THEY CALLED UP SAYING ITS MAKING THE ENTIRE FORWARD CLOSET HOT AND THE CABNET ABOVE THE CLOSET THEY ARE CONCERNED ENOUGH T...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481315281957866⏰ 22:33 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: CAN WE HAVE PARAMEDICS MEET AT OUR GATE. FOR PAX IN 31C Area: Los Angeles, CA, USA Type: Boeing 737-800A: #a428e9a359d F: #f0e6...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481275977979299⏰ 22:16 UTC | ❤️ 0 | 🔄 1 | 📊 1
📝 Air to Ground Message: THANKS FOR THE HEADS UP LIVE LAUGH LAGUARDIA Area: Philadelphia, PA, USA Type: Bombardier CRJ900A: #a08c490f9c6 F: #f007a97a30d...
🔗 https://live.acarsdrama.com/@acarsdrama/117481209054711056
-
DATE: October 21, 2026 at 12:00PM
SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
-------------------------------------------------TITLE: Your posture may change how much pain you feel
URL: https://www.psypost.org/your-posture-may-change-how-much-pain-you-feel/
A new study published in Psychophysiology indicates that people are somewhat less sensitive to pain while lying down than while standing upright. The researchers propose that this reflects shifts in blood volume and blood pressure as the body adjusts to gravity, which may help explain why lying down eases acute discomfort. They also suggest the same relief could encourage inactivity in people with chronic pain, an idea the study did not test directly.
The human cardiovascular system does more than circulate oxygen and nutrients; it also helps regulate how the nervous system processes physical discomfort. Embedded within the walls of major blood vessels, such as the carotid arteries in the neck and the aorta near the heart, as well as inside the heart chambers and lungs, are microscopic stretch sensors called baroreceptors. When blood volume increases or blood pressure rises, the walls of these vessels expand, stretching the baroreceptors. Once stretched, these sensors send neural signals to the brain that slow the heart and relax blood vessels while simultaneously triggering pain-inhibiting pathways in the central nervous system.
Because of this built-in dampening mechanism, higher blood pressure tends to be accompanied by reduced sensitivity to physical pain. Early evidence from a 1994 human experiment demonstrated that artificially stimulating neck baroreceptors with gentle suction dulled pain reflexes and lowered how much pain participants reported feeling. Building on that work, a 2009 clinical study showed that giving medication to raise blood pressure in people with chronically low blood pressure reduced their pain sensitivity.
This link between the circulatory system and pain processing even extends beyond physical sensation. For instance, a study covered by PsyPost in 2019 found that higher resting blood pressure was associated with lower self-reported sensitivity to social pain and rejection. Closer to physical pain, a 2021 study of fibromyalgia patients by Reyes del Paso and colleagues found that individuals whose baroreceptors were less responsive to blood pressure changes experienced worse daily pain, fatigue, and anxiety.
Despite these established findings in psychophysiology, lead study author Gustavo A. Reyes del Paso, a full professor of psychophysiology at the University of Jaén in Spain, noted that “the general public is unaware that an increase in blood pressure has an inhibitory effect on pain: people with hypertension report fewer pain complaints, whereas those with chronic low blood pressure are more sensitive to pain.”
Recognizing that blood flow alters pain sensitivity, Reyes del Paso and his colleagues in Spain and Austria wanted to test whether everyday changes in body posture naturally move enough blood to change how much pain people feel. When a person stands up, gravity pulls blood down into the legs, reducing blood return to the heart and temporarily lowering blood pressure and baroreceptor stretching. When a person lies flat on their back, blood flows easily back to the chest, increasing the volume of blood pumped with each beat and stretching the baroreceptors, which the researchers hypothesized would dampen pain sensitivity.
“Changes in body posture alter blood pressure (it decreases during standing up and increases during lying down), so they may also affect pain,” Reyes del Paso told PsyPost. “We wanted to probe this hypothesis. Also, patients with chronic pain usually are very sedentary (i.e., have kinesiophobia) and are lying down much of the time. Is there a cause for that?”
In clinical settings, kinesiophobia refers to an excessive, debilitating fear of physical movement and activity resulting from a feeling of vulnerability to painful injury. To test how posture affects pain and circulation, the researchers recruited 83 healthy university students, consisting of 61 women and 22 men with an average age of about 20 years. None of the participants had cardiovascular conditions or chronic pain, and all abstained from pain medications for 24 hours and alcohol or vigorous exercise for three hours beforehand. Women taking oral contraceptives were excluded because synthetic hormones alter both blood pressure regulation and pain sensitivity, which could obscure the natural effects of posture.
During the experiment, the researchers measured cardiovascular activity and pain perception while participants assumed three postures: sitting, standing upright, and lying flat on their backs. The sequence included an initial sitting phase, a first standing phase, a lying down phase, and a second standing phase, with cardiovascular measurements recorded across four-minute intervals in each position. Pain testing was carried out during sitting, lying down, and the second standing phase, and the study protocol was publicly registered before data collection began.
To measure pain in a controlled way, the team used a computer-guided pressure algometer, a device that applies steadily increasing mechanical pressure to a one-square-centimeter area on the third fingernail of the left hand. The researchers recorded two behavioral thresholds: the pain threshold, defined as the pressure at which the participant first began to feel pain, and pain tolerance, defined as the maximum pressure the participant could endure. Participants also received five-second pressure stimuli ranging from 1.5 to 4 kilograms per square centimeter and rated how painful each press felt on a 10-centimeter visual scale from painless to extremely painful.
Throughout these postures, participants wore chest electrodes to record an electrocardiogram, which tracks the timing between heartbeats, and an impedance cardiogram, a non-invasive method that uses mild electrical currents across the chest to estimate blood flow volume. Continuous blood pressure sensors on the fingers of the right hand were calibrated every minute with an upper-arm cuff.
From these recordings, the team tracked blood pressure, heartbeat intervals, stroke volume (the blood pumped per beat), cardiac output (the blood pumped per minute), total peripheral resistance (how tightly constricted the blood vessels are), and baroreflex sensitivity, which measures how effectively the heart adjusts its beat timing in response to blood pressure shifts.
The results supported the hypothesis that lying down dulls pain sensitivity compared to standing upright. Participants exhibited higher pain thresholds while lying down than when standing, and their maximum pain tolerance was higher while lying down than during both standing and sitting. Across the sample, average pain thresholds varied only modestly between 3.4 and 3.6 kilograms per square centimeter across postures, and the authors noted that the clinical relevance of these small differences remains uncertain.
Subjective pain intensity ratings followed a similar pattern once the applied pressure crossed that threshold into actual pain. At the highest pressure of 4 kilograms per square centimeter, participants rated the sensation as more painful while standing than while either sitting or lying down. At 3 and 3.5 kilograms per square centimeter, standing also produced higher pain ratings than sitting. Contrary to the researchers’ hypothesis, for lighter pressures between 1.5 and 2.5 kilograms per square centimeter, ratings were slightly higher while lying down than sitting, though the authors noted that pressures below 3.4 kilograms may not have been perceived as painful by most participants.
The cardiovascular recordings confirmed that shifting postures produced substantial changes in blood flow and pressure regulation. When participants moved from sitting to the first standing period, their systolic blood pressure dropped from an average of 109.36 to 104.97 millimeters of mercury, and their stroke volume fell from 73.39 to 63.61 milliliters per beat. When they lay flat on their backs, systolic blood pressure rose to 111.33 millimeters of mercury, stroke volume climbed to 89.47 milliliters, and baroreflex sensitivity nearly tripled from 11.52 while standing to 30.35 milliseconds per millimeter of mercury while lying down, which the authors interpret as stronger heart-slowing nervous system activity.
When the researchers analyzed how baseline cardiovascular traits while sitting predicted pain responses, they found that mean arterial blood pressure was inversely linked to pain intensity ratings. Participants with higher resting blood pressure tended to rate the presses as less painful, a pattern that appeared at every pressure level when stimuli came in random order and at three of six levels when they increased step by step.
Total peripheral resistance, or the tightness of the blood vessels, was positively associated with both pain threshold and pain tolerance across the entire group, suggesting that blood vessel constriction may play a role in dampening pain. Stroke volume, cardiac output, heart rate, and baroreflex sensitivity, the measures that shifted most with posture, were not linked to any of the pain measures.
The researchers also observed distinct differences between men and women in both pain and circulatory measurements. Men had higher overall blood pressure, greater blood vessel resistance, and higher pain thresholds and pain tolerance than women, although men and women gave similar subjective pain intensity ratings on the visual scale. In addition, higher blood pressure was directly associated with a higher pain threshold in men, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.43 to 0.47, whereas this specific association was not statistically significant in women, though the male subsample included only 22 participants.
The authors noted that lying down appears to be an intuitive, functional behavior for easing acute physical pain, which they attribute to greater blood return to the heart and stronger stimulation of pain-blocking baroreceptors. At the same time, they pointed out that this biological mechanism could have unintended drawbacks for people with chronic pain conditions.
“The reduction in pain during lying down could be a mechanism explaining the typical sedentarism and low physical activity in chronic pain patients, in which bed rest is considered counterproductive for pain rehabilitation, as this inhibitory effect can negatively reinforce inactivity by reducing pain,” Reyes del Paso explained.
“If you feel an acute pain, the maintenance of a lying down posture will help alleviate the pain,” he added. “However, if a person suffers from chronic pain, he/she should avoid the frequent use of a supine position, because it reinforces inactivity and in the medium and long term can aggravate the pain problem.”
As with all research, there are some caveats to consider when interpreting the results. The study sample consisted entirely of young, healthy university students who generally had low-to-normal resting blood pressure, and nearly three-quarters of the participants were women. Because the pain-dampening effects of blood pressure are typically strongest in people with elevated or high-normal blood pressure, the modest effects observed here might differ in older adults, people with hypertension, or patients living with chronic pain syndromes. The idea that pain relief while lying down reinforces inactivity in chronic pain is the authors’ hypothesis, and the study did not test it.
In addition, the links between blood pressure and pain were measured only while participants were seated, by comparing people with one another. The study did not test whether each person’s blood pressure changes across postures explained their own changes in pain.
Another detail to keep in mind is that the researchers did not randomize the order of the postures, meaning every participant went through the sitting, lying, and standing phases in the exact same sequence. When participants stood up for the second time, directly after lying down, which is when standing pain was measured, their blood pressure did not drop as it had during the first standing phase, averaging 110.30 millimeters of mercury. The authors explained that standing up from a flat position causes a bigger, faster shift of blood toward the legs than standing up from a chair, which likely triggered a rapid reflex that kept blood pressure from dropping. They suggest this may have weakened the posture effect on pain.
Looking ahead, the research team plans to directly investigate how these postural mechanisms operate in clinical populations. “We are going to replicate this study in individuals with chronic pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia or chronic back pain,” Reyes del Paso said.
The study, “Body Posture-Related Differences in Pain Perception and Their Mediation by Cardiovascular Factors,” was authored by Gustavo A. Reyes del Paso, Dolores Santiago, Belén Moreno, Casandra I. Montoro, Stefan Duschek, and Dmitry M. Davydov.
URL: https://www.psypost.org/your-posture-may-change-how-much-pain-you-feel/
-------------------------------------------------
Private, vetted email list for mental health professionals: https://www.clinicians-exchange.org
Unofficial Psychology Today Xitter to toot feed at Psych Today Unofficial Bot @PTUnofficialBot
-------------------------------------------------
#psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #PostureAndPain #PainPerception #BloodPressure #Baroreceptors #LieDownRelief #PainThreshold #ChronicPain #SedentaryLifestyle #Psychophysiology #HealthResearch
-
Don’t want to pay $100 non-resident fees for U.S. National Parks? Visit these places instead (Part 1)
In July 2025, President Trump issued Executive Order “Making America Beautiful Again by Improving Our National Parks”. As a result, non-U.S. residents aged of 16 or older who visit any of 11 U.S. national parks—Acadia, Bryce Canyon, Everglades, Glacier, Grand Canyon, Grand Teton, Rocky Mountain, Sequoia & Kings Canyon, Yellowstone, Yosemite, and Zion—are charged a $100 non-resident fee per person, in addition to the standard entrance fee at each of these parks.
Charging foreign visitors more than residents for national park entrance is nothing new. Many countries around the world implement this dual pricing concept for their parks and attractions. Back in 2023, the idea for applying a surcharge on international visitors to U.S. national parks was proposed in this article: How Overseas Visitors Can Help Steward Our National Parks. Although the article discusses how the surcharge on international visitors can increase revenue stream for many national parks, it fails to offer whether the parks should anticipate reduction in visitations from the surcharge and any potential negative effects on the communities near those national parks that rely on having those visitors, but I digress.
These 11 U.S. national parks are our country’s treasures. They are beautiful and popular with international visitors for a reason. However, additional $100 per person for each park is a significant amount of money. An international group visitor of four would have to spend an extra $800 to visit a couple of these parks on top of all other expenses. Luckily, the U.S. National Park Service makes the America the Beautiful Annual Pass available for non-U.S. residents as well.
America the Beautiful Non-Resident Annual Pass
For those who are not familiar with it, America the Beautiful Passes cover entrance or standard amenity (day-use) fees to thousands of parks and recreation areas managed by six U.S. Federal agencies: Forest Service, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Bureau of Reclamation, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Yes, U.S. national parks and national monuments are managed by these agencies.
America the Beautiful Annual Pass for non-U.S. residentsA $250 Digital America the Beautiful Pass for non-U.S. residents covers entrance fees and day-use fees. The Pass is valid for 12 months, from purchase date through end of the same month in the following year. If you visit any of the 11 national parks that charge a $100 non-resident fee, the Non-Resident Annual Pass covers the non-resident fee for those admitted with the pass. According to the National Park Service website, if you want a physical version of the Non-Resident Annual Pass, do not purchase the Digital Pass in advance. Instead, wait to purchase your pass in person when you visit a federal site.
The Non-Resident Annual Pass does not cover expanded amenity fees such as camping, parking, special tours, special permits, or ferries. The Pass also does not cover entrance fees for state parks, county parks, or municipal parks.
Each America the Beautiful Pass is issued to one person (the pass holder) who must be present, with valid photo identification, each time the pass is used. Note that,
- For locations that charge fees per vehicle, an America the Beautiful Pass admits the pass holder and passengers in one non-commercial vehicle, or up to two motorcycles.
- For locations that charge fees per person, an America the Beautiful Pass admits the pass holder plus 3 adults (16 and older), not to exceed 4 adults.
So, for international visitors to the U.S. who plan to visit any of these 11 national parks, be sure to purchase the Non-Resident Annual Pass. You will need to sign up for Recreative.gov account to purchase.
Still don’t want to visit these parks?
But what if you don’t want to visit any of these 11 national parks or if you won’t travel to the nearby area of these parks? Then I have some suggestions for you based on our own travel experience. There are lots of wonderful places in the U.S. West and Mountain West that we have visited. Some are national parks. Some are state parks. I will cover them in three installments. Follow along.
All the places I mentioned in this and next two posts are marked in a map below. You can click the map below to open a zoomable uMap.
For a zoomable uMap, http://u.osmfr.org/m/1431713/Pacific Northwest
Mount Rainier National Park, Washington
On a clear day in the Pacific Northwest, it’s hard to compete with the view of Mt. Rainier behind Seattle skylines. However, seeing Mt. Rainier up-close from the Paradise area of Mt. Rainier National Park is even a better experience. Pictures below are from Skyline Trail in late August. If you love wildflowers, plan to visit between mid-July to mid-August.
View of Mt. Rainier from ParadiseHiking Skyline Trail in Mt. Rainier National ParkA marmot on Skyline TrailOlympic National Park, Washington
Olympic National Park is one of the most diverse national parks in the contiguous U.S. It encompasses glaciated mountains, temperate rainforest, and rugged coastline. Olympic National Park covers a larger area. Consider different base camps when you visit to minimize driving time when exploring different parts of the park.
View from Hurricane Ridge Hoh Rain ForestThe Coast of Olympic National ParkMount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, Washington
Seeing evidence of the aftermath of the 1980 eruption and scars the eruption left on the landscape with one’s own eyes is the main reason to visit Mt. St. Helens National Volcanic Monument. Unlike all other peaks in the Cascade Range, the landscape surrounding Mt. St. Helen is still quite barren, but slowly vegetation is growing back. So is the lava dome in the crater.
An open source image of Mt. St. Helens from Pixabay by PublicDomainPicturesAn open source image of Mt. St. Helens from Pixabay by Ken1843Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon
About one and a half hours from Portland, Oregon, Mt. Hood is a popular recreational area in this part of Oregon. Standing 11,249 ft (3,429 m) above sea level at the top, it is Oregon’s tallest mountain. When David and I were still full-time RVers, we spent quite a bit of the summertime in the Mt. Hood area. There are lots of activities to do here including hiking, canoeing, wild berry picking.
Trillium LakeA section of Pacific Crest TrailMt. Hood and White RiverHiking in the Mt. Hood Meadows areaView from Mirror Lake Trail near Tom Dick and Harry MountainCrater Lake National Park, Oregon
One of the bluest bodies of water you will ever see. Crater Lake National Park is the only U.S. national Park in Oregon. The lake is a caldera of Mt. Mazama. It is the deepest lake in the U.S. A 33-mi (53-km) scenic Rim Drive is a must-do for visitors to Crater Lake. Plan many stops along the drive for different vantage points of the lake. Bring picnics.
Crater Lake with Mt. Thielsen in the background (center-right)At one of many view points along Rim DriveCrater Lake has no streams flowing into it. It receives water only from rain and snow melt, so the water is very clean.Smith Rock State Park, Oregon
With its dramatic towering cliffs, Smith Rock State Park is popular with rock climbers. This Oregon’s park is located in Central Oregon, just north of the Bend-Redmond area. Crooked River flows through the park. The park is also popular for hiking and picnicking. Come watch climbers scaling the iconic Monkey Face. For spectacular views of the park and surrounding areas, hike Misery Ridge Trail/Loop.
Dramatic cliffs of Smith Rock State ParkMonkey Face with Mt. Jefferson in the background (right)Crooked RiverThe Oregon Coast
Oregon’s coastlines stretch, from north to south, 363 miles of sandy beaches and dunes, tide pools, and rugged rock formations. U.S. Highway 101 connects Astoria in the north to Brookings near the southern border. There are activities for everyone in the family to do. Bring warm clothing even on a warm day in the valley as the weather on the coast can be appreciably cooler.
Expansive view of the coast from Cascade Head, looking south toward Lincoln CityHeceta Head LighthouseRugged Oregon CoastExplore tide poolsThe Seal Rock area between Newport and WaldportSisters Rock State ParkMisty coastline is common on the Oregon Coast.References:
#adventure #AnnualPass #Hiking #NationalPark #NationalParkPass #nature #NonResidentFee #StatePark #Travel -
Attackers are exploiting zero-day flaws in widely used PHP. Patches are due out later today. The attacks are a concern because so many websites, from Wikipedia, to WordPress, to numerous e-commerce stores, run PHP.
What's happening:
—Details on 2x zero days leaked Tuesday in advance of Thursday scheduled patch release
—Cloudflare now reports seeing active attacks; it's updated web application firewall to help block known exploits
—Total fallout could lead to "a lot of smoking websites" and extend to Internet of Things devices that run PHP for their web interface, one cybersecurity expert warns
—Britain's National Cyber Security Centre advises all PHP-using organizations to find out where, and immediately patch internet-facing systems once patches are released, or take the systems offline
—Dutch cybersecurity agency has proactively taken its own website offline, pending patches
—Exactly which PHP versions are vulnerable and which ones are getting patches remains to be seen; outdated versions of PHP remain in wide useFull report: https://www.databreachtoday.com/attackers-exploit-leaked-zero-day-flaws-in-widely-used-php-a-33161
-
Japanese Foreign Bond Investment (Oct/17) -161.6B (Prev. -339.9B)
Weekly Japanese international transactions data are a flow series rather than a level series, and the single print…
#EuropeSays #Japan #JP #Japanese
https://www.europesays.com/japan/110299/ -
Netflix’s Theatrical Strategy ‘Has Evolved,’ Ted Sarandos Says – Still, he admits, “we are a streaming-first business” https://www.fxoxo.com/339052/ #BoxOffice #Movie #MovieBusiness #Movies #TheBusinessOfMovies
-
DATE: October 22, 2026 at 09:00AM
SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
-------------------------------------------------TITLE: How long does it take to feel forgiven by God? New study tracks Christians day by day after wrongdoing
After committing a moral wrongdoing, Christian adults who initially feel unforgiven by God tend to experience rapid increases in both repentance and feelings of divine forgiveness during the first few days, followed by a gradual leveling off over the next two weeks. New research published in Psychology of Religion and Spirituality suggests that actively turning back to God in repentance tends to precede the internal sense of being pardoned, which in turn was modestly linked to a renewed sense of spiritual closeness.
Reconciliation with God is the psychological and spiritual process of restoring relational harmony with the divine after a believer feels they have violated moral or religious standards. In Christian traditions, maintaining an ongoing, intimate bond with God (often referred to as communion) is a central life aim. Becoming aware of a personal sin or wrongdoing can disrupt that bond, creating inner unrest, guilt, and spiritual strain.
To repair that strain, believers often move through two connected processes: engaging in repentance and experiencing absolution. Repentance is an active, approach-oriented response where a person acknowledges their wrongdoing and turns back toward God rather than withdrawing in shame. Experiencing absolution is the receptive counterpart, characterized by an internal assurance that God is moving toward the believer with mercy and has wiped away their guilt.
While psychologists have extensively studied how people forgive one another or themselves, the psychological dynamics of divine forgiveness have received far less empirical attention. In the interpersonal realm, a 2010 longitudinal study demonstrated that forgiving another person after an offense tends to follow a curve of diminishing returns, rising rapidly in the immediate aftermath before gradually leveling off. More recently, scholars began looking at how spiritual repair unfolds over time; for instance, a 2024 two-study investigation indicated that actively seeking God’s pardon is an initial step that predicts whether a person actually feels forgiven six to twelve weeks later.
Other recent work has highlighted how everyday shifts in feeling pardoned by God can ripple outward into daily life. For example, a study covered by PsyPost in July 2026 found that on days when individuals felt more forgiven by God than usual, they were more forgiving and willing to make amends with their romantic partners.
The new study was conducted by Richard G. Cowden, a research scientist with the Human Flourishing Program at Harvard University (which coordinates the Global Forgiveness Movement) and the Department of Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Kaye V. Cook, dean of the School of Psychology and Human Services at Gordon College. Building on a theoretical framework that positions repentance and absolution within a broader system of spiritual closeness and struggle, the authors designed their study to track the exact day-by-day timeline of divine reconciliation immediately after a moral misstep.
“Most studies have taken a relatively faith-neutral approach to divine forgiveness,” Cowden and Cook told PsyPost. “That can be useful for identifying processes that may be shared across religious traditions, but it may overlook beliefs, practices, and relational meanings that are especially important within a particular faith tradition. In the Christian faith, for example, personal wrongdoing may be understood not only as moral failure but also as personal sin that can disrupt one’s sense of communion with God.”
“Our earlier work showed that many Christians may affirm that God is forgiving while still struggling to personally experience God’s forgiveness following specific instances of wrongdoing,” the researchers explained. “To explore how this experience unfolds over time, we focused on two related experiences within a Christian-sensitive understanding of experiencing reconciliation with God.”
“We wanted to know how these two processes unfold in the days after Christians become aware of a particular instance of wrongdoing,” Cowden and Cook added. “Does engaging in repentance with God tend to precede experiencing absolution from God, or vice versa? Do they develop together? And how are they related to a renewed sense of communion with God?”
To capture this process as it unfolded in real time, the researchers used an online research platform to screen 2,481 practicing Christian adults across the United States. They looked for participants who had committed a specific personal sin within the past 24 hours, could describe the event in writing, and currently felt little to no assurance that God had forgiven them for it. From this screening, 175 eligible adults enrolled in the main study and completed surveys on Days 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 following their wrongdoing.
“One distinctive feature of the study is that participants answered questions about the same instance of personal wrongdoing on Days 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 of the study,” Cowden and Cook noted. “This allowed us to examine change within each person rather than simply comparing people at one point in time.”
The sample ranged in age from 19 to 78, with an average age of about 42, and was roughly 59 percent female and 74 percent White. Participants represented a variety of Christian traditions, primarily identifying as Catholic (38 percent), nondenominational (23 percent), or Baptist (16 percent). The recent wrongdoings they described were most often rated as moderate in severity (40 percent), with the most common offenses involving sexual sin (22 percent), anger or resentment (21 percent), and dishonesty or lying (15 percent).
At each of the five survey waves, participants were reminded of the specific wrongdoing they had written about and rated their current levels of repentance and absolution on a 4-point scale. They also answered questions measuring their current sense of communion with God on a 5-point scale. On the first day, the researchers additionally measured participants’ general perception of God as benevolent versus strict, their baseline tendency to feel forgiven by God across life in general, and their divine struggles, meaning feelings of conflict, anger, or fear of punishment in their relationship with God since the incident.
When testing which factors predicted faster or slower change, the authors controlled for a wide range of background factors. These included age, sex, race, education, marital status, geographic region, frequency of prayer, Bible reading, and church attendance, as well as adverse childhood experiences, Big Five personality traits, and baseline anxiety and depression.
By comparing several mathematical growth models, the researchers found that both repentance and absolution followed a logarithmic trajectory over the 16-day window. In plain terms, both processes showed rapid increases during the first few days after the wrongdoing, followed by progressively smaller gains that tapered off over the second week. Although the two processes tended to rise in tandem across participants, they started at different levels and moved at different speeds.
On Day 1, average repentance scores were already relatively high at 2.52 out of 4, whereas feelings of absolution started lower at 1.90 out of 4. Over the 16 days, however, absolution increased at a steeper rate than repentance (growth estimates of 0.28 versus 0.19). At the same time, individual patterns varied considerably from person to person, and where a participant started on Day 1 had almost no bearing on how quickly their scores changed over the two weeks.
“Among Christians, taking appropriate responsibility for personal sin before God and experiencing God’s forgiveness are connected, but they are not the same thing,” the researchers said. “A Christian may acknowledge wrongdoing and turn toward God in repentance while still struggling to experience absolution from God.”
“On average, both engaging in repentance with God and experiencing absolution from God increased most quickly early in the study and then leveled off, but people differed quite substantially in how these experiences unfolded,” Cowden and Cook added. “The findings therefore do not establish a universal timetable for when a Christian should feel forgiven or how the process of experiencing divine forgiveness ought to unfold.”
When looking at what predicted faster spiritual recovery, the researchers found that ongoing relational experiences with God mattered more than abstract beliefs about God’s character. General perceptions of God as benevolent and a person’s general trait tendency to feel forgiven did not meaningfully alter the speed of change for either process. By contrast, participants who reported fewer divine struggles on Day 1 experienced steeper increases in both repentance (a growth rate of 0.23 for those with low struggles versus 0.15 for those with high struggles) and absolution (0.34 versus 0.22).
In addition, a stronger baseline sense of communion with God on Day 1 predicted a steeper rise in feeling absolved over the 16 days (a growth rate of 0.33 for those with high initial communion compared to 0.23 for those with low communion). This suggests that feeling close to God and free of spiritual conflict may provide a supportive foundation for internalizing forgiveness after a misstep.
“One particularly interesting finding was that the quality of participants’ lived relationship with God was more consistently associated with rates of change than their more general beliefs about God,” Cowden and Cook said. “An important contribution is showing why it helps to ask about both engaging in repentance with God and experiencing absolution from God. Simply asking, ‘Do you feel forgiven by God?’ misses whether someone is also acknowledging the wrongdoing and turning toward God, as well as how those experiences relate over time.”
The researchers also examined how fluctuations within an individual from one survey to the next predicted their responses on the very next survey. When a participant reported a higher-than-usual spike in repentance at one time point, they tended to report higher levels of absolution at the following assessment. The reverse was not true: spikes in feeling absolved did not predict subsequent changes in repentance.
Looking at downstream spiritual outcomes, experiencing a higher-than-usual increase in absolution at one wave modestly predicted a stronger sense of communion with God at the next wave. Fluctuations in repentance alone did not directly predict subsequent shifts in communion, and the link between absolution and later communion fell just short of statistical significance when both processes were analyzed together, likely because they overlap so closely. Taken together, the findings are consistent with a sequence in which repentance tends to come before feeling pardoned, and feeling pardoned tends to come before a renewed sense of closeness with God, though the evidence for that second step was weaker.
“These findings offer tentative evidence that experiencing absolution from God may precede a deeper sense of relational harmony with God, but leave unclear whether it has an association independent of engaging in repentance with God given that the two processes tended to unfold together,” the researchers explained. “One possible practical implication is that supporting Christians after personal sin may involve attending to both sides of experiencing reconciliation with God: taking wrongdoing seriously through engaging in repentance with God while also helping individuals more fully receive and internalize God’s forgiveness.”
There are a few caveats to keep in mind when interpreting these results. The study was not preregistered. Because the researchers intentionally selected Christian adults who still felt unforgiven up to 24 hours after their transgression, the findings may not apply to believers who immediately feel at peace with God after making a mistake. This screening approach may have also favored individuals who view God’s forgiveness as conditional upon human repentance rather than automatic, which could help explain why repentance preceded absolution in the timeline.
“We studied the psychological experience of reconciliation with God,” Cowden and Cook emphasized. “We could not determine whether God had forgiven someone, when God forgave them, or what theologically constitutes divine forgiveness.”
“The finding that engaging in repentance with God tended to precede experiencing absolution from God does not mean that Christians must earn God’s forgiveness through engaging in repentance with God,” the authors continued. “Rather, it describes the temporal ordering of two experiences. In some Christian understandings, forgiveness may be freely available while repentance helps a person become more able to receive or internalize it. Because this was an observational study, the temporal patterns are suggestive and should not be interpreted as demonstrating causality.”
In addition, about half of the participants committed their wrongdoing between 12 and 24 hours before the screener survey, and Day 1 repentance scores were already relatively high. Because some initial spiritual repair had likely already begun before the first measurement, future studies could track individuals even closer to the moment of a transgression. Finally, the participants who completed all five surveys attended church more frequently and had higher general perceptions of divine forgiveness than those who missed at least one survey, which raises the possibility of some attrition bias. Testing these patterns across other Christian traditions and other religions will also be important.
Looking ahead, the researchers are exploring practical ways to help believers navigate spiritual distress after moral missteps. “We have developed a freely available self-directed intervention to support Christians who are struggling to experience reconciliation with God following specific instances of personal wrongdoing, which is called the RECEIVE Forgiveness workbook,” Cowden and Cook told PsyPost. “We have completed a randomized controlled trial showing initial efficacy in a sample of adult Indonesian Christians, and we are looking to conduct further trials in other cultures and contexts.”
“More broadly, we are interested in understanding how engaging in repentance with God, experiencing absolution from God, and experiencing reconciliation with God differ across cultures and Christian traditions, particularly traditions that differ in beliefs and practices related to addressing personal wrongdoing and receiving divine forgiveness,” the researchers concluded. “We also want to understand why some Christians are able to internalize God’s forgiveness relatively readily after personal sin, whereas others remain caught in guilt, shame, divine struggle, or perceived distance from God. We are also interested in whether changes in reconciliation with God contribute over time to renewed communion with God and flourishing more broadly across different aspects of life.”
The study, “Temporal Dynamics of Experiencing Reconciliation With God After Personal Wrongdoing: An Incident-Anchored Longitudinal Study of U.S. Christian Adults,” was authored by Richard G. Cowden and Kaye V. Cook.
-------------------------------------------------
Private, vetted email list for mental health professionals: https://www.clinicians-exchange.org
Unofficial Psychology Today Xitter to toot feed at Psych Today Unofficial Bot @PTUnofficialBot
-------------------------------------------------
#psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #DivineForgiveness #ChristianFaith #Repentance #GodsGrace #Spirituality #Christianity #FaithAndMentalHealth #Forgiveness #SpiritualGrowth #PsychologyOfReligion
-
Unleash the Power of Encapsulation: A Deep Dive into Web Components' Shadow DOM
Hey there, fellow web wizards! Ever feel like your CSS and JavaScript are playing a never-ending game of whack-a-mole, where a change in one place mysteriously breaks something completely unrelated somewhere else? If you’ve ever wrestled with global styles bleeding into your carefully crafted components or found yourself desperately trying to name things with obscure prefixes to avoid collisions, then you’re in for a treat. Today, we're diving headfirst into a super cool feature of Web Components that’s going to revolutionize how you build reusable UI elements: Shadow DOM.Think of Shadow DOM as your own personal, private digital greenhouse. Inside, you can grow your components with their own unique ecosystem of styles and behaviors, completely insulated from the outside world. No more accidental styling wars, no more JavaScript interference! It’s like giving your components a force field of encapsulation, and it’s genuinely a game-changer.
Before We Get Our Hands Dirty: What You Should Know
While Shadow DOM is incredibly powerful, it's not like it materialized out of thin air. To truly appreciate its magic, it’s helpful to have a basic understanding of a few core concepts.- HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: You’re already a pro at this, right? Shadow DOM leverages these fundamental web technologies.
- Web Components: Shadow DOM is a part of the Web Components suite, alongside Custom Elements and HTML Templates. If you're new to Web Components, I highly recommend getting a grasp on those first. Think of them as the building blocks, and Shadow DOM as the protective casing for those blocks.
- The DOM (Document Object Model): You know that tree-like structure that represents your HTML? Shadow DOM creates a separate, hidden DOM tree attached to an element in the main DOM.
Don’t worry if you’re not an expert in all of these. We’ll cover what you need as we go. The main takeaway is that Shadow DOM works with the existing web platform, not against it.
What Exactly Is Shadow DOM?
At its heart, Shadow DOM is all about encapsulation. It allows you to attach a hidden, separate DOM tree to an element. This "shadow tree" is rendered separately from the main document's DOM (the "light DOM"). Crucially, the styles and scripts defined within the shadow tree are scoped only to that tree. They won't leak out and affect the rest of your page, and styles from the main document generally won't intrude unless you explicitly allow them.Imagine you have a custom button component. Without Shadow DOM, if you style your button with a red background, that red background might accidentally apply to other buttons on your page that you didn't intend to style. With Shadow DOM, you can style that custom button with a bright red background inside its shadow tree, and the rest of your page remains blissfully unaware and unaffected.
The Magic Ingredient: The Shadow Root
To create a Shadow DOM, you need a "host" element. This is the element in your light DOM to which the shadow tree will be attached. Then, you use JavaScript to attach a shadow root to that host element. The shadow root is the entry point to your shadow tree.Here’s a simple example:
// Get the host element from your light DOM
const hostElement = document.getElementById('my-custom-element');// Attach a shadow root to the host element
// 'open' mode means you can access the shadow root from JavaScript
// 'closed' mode makes it inaccessible (less common for general use)
const shadowRoot = hostElement.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });// Now you can manipulate the shadowRoot as if it were a regular DOM node
shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
<style>
/* Styles are scoped to this shadow tree */
button {
background-color: dodgerblue;
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
}
p {
font-family: sans-serif;
}
</style>
<p>This is inside the shadow DOM!</p>
<button>Click Me (Shadow Style!)</button>
`;And in your HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Shadow DOM Demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<my-custom-element id="my-custom-element"></my-custom-element><button>This button has global styles!</button>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>If you run this, you'll see the "Click Me" button styled with a blue background, while the other button outside the
my-custom-elementwill have default browser styling (or whatever global styles you might have). The text inside the shadow DOM is also styled with a sans-serif font. Pretty neat, right?Advantages: Why You'll Fall in Love with Shadow DOM
The benefits of Shadow DOM are numerous and impactful. Let's break down some of the most significant ones:- True Encapsulation (The Star of the Show!): This is the primary reason to use Shadow DOM. Styles and scripts are isolated. No more worrying about global CSS selectors clashing with your component’s styles. Your component’s internal structure is also protected from external manipulation unless you explicitly allow it. This makes building complex, reusable components a breeze.
- CSS Scoping: Styles defined within the shadow tree only apply to elements within that shadow tree. This eliminates the fear of accidentally styling elements outside your component.
- JavaScript Scoping: While JavaScript in the shadow DOM can access the global scope, global JavaScript can't easily access or manipulate elements inside the shadow DOM without explicit permission (via the shadow root's
modeand by querying specific elements).
- Reusability: Because components built with Shadow DOM are self-contained, they can be dropped into any project without fear of breaking other parts of the application. This is a developer's dream for creating consistent and maintainable UIs.
- Maintainability: With clear separation of concerns, debugging becomes significantly easier. If a style is off, you know to look within the component's shadow DOM. If a behavior is broken, the scope of your investigation is much narrower.
- Composability: Shadow DOM plays exceptionally well with other Web Components features like Custom Elements and HTML Templates. You can create highly complex components by composing simpler, encapsulated ones.
- Browser Native Solution: Shadow DOM is a web standard supported by modern browsers. This means you don't need to rely on external libraries for this core functionality (though libraries can certainly enhance the Web Component development experience).
- Reduced Code Complexity: By avoiding the need for complex naming conventions or CSS-in-JS solutions purely for scoping, your codebase can become cleaner and easier to understand.
The Flip Side: What to Be Mindful Of (Disadvantages)
While Shadow DOM is fantastic, it’s not a silver bullet. There are a few things to keep in mind that might be considered drawbacks:- Styling from the Outside Can Be Tricky: This is the flip side of encapsulation. If you need to style an element inside a shadow DOM from the outside (e.g., a parent component wanting to influence a child component's style), it's not as straightforward as a regular DOM element. You’ll need to use specific mechanisms like CSS custom properties (variables) or
:hostselectors with slotted content to achieve this. This can add a learning curve. - Initial Learning Curve: While the core concepts are simple, understanding the nuances of Shadow DOM, especially when it comes to styling and interacting with slotted content, can take some time and practice.
- Accessibility Considerations: While browsers are getting better, ensuring accessibility for elements within shadow DOMs requires careful attention. You need to ensure proper ARIA attributes and semantic HTML are used within the shadow tree.
- Browser Support (Less of an issue now, but worth noting): While modern browsers have excellent Shadow DOM support, very old browsers might not. For production applications targeting a broad audience, you might still need fallbacks or polyfills, though this is becoming increasingly rare.
- Developer Tools Can Be a Bit More Complex: Inspecting elements within a shadow DOM in browser developer tools can feel a little different at first. You'll see a distinct "shadow root" section. Once you're familiar, it's easy, but it's an initial adjustment.
Diving Deeper: Key Features and Concepts
Let's unpack some of the more detailed aspects of Shadow DOM:The Shadow Root and its Modes (
openvs.closed)
As we saw earlier,attachShadow()can take amodeargument:mode: 'open': This is the most common mode. It means that you can access the shadow root from JavaScript viaelement.shadowRoot. This is useful for debugging, testing, or when you need to programmatically interact with the shadow DOM from outside.const hostElement = document.getElementById('my-component');
const shadowRoot = hostElement.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
console.log(shadowRoot); // You can see the shadow root here!mode: 'closed': In this mode,element.shadowRootwill returnnull. This offers stronger encapsulation, making it very difficult to access the shadow DOM from the outside. This is often used by built-in browser elements (like the<video>element's controls) to prevent external interference. For custom components,openis generally preferred for flexibility.
Rendering and the Shadow Tree
The content you add to theshadowRooteffectively creates a separate DOM tree. When the browser renders your page, it renders the light DOM and then, independently, renders the shadow DOM for each element that has one. This is why styles are scoped – the browser treats them as distinct rendering contexts.Styling the Shadow DOM: The Power of
:hostand::slotted()
This is where things get interesting when you want to communicate styles between the light and shadow DOM.:host: This pseudo-class allows you to style the host element from within the shadow DOM.const shadowRoot = hostElement.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
<style>
/* Style the host element itself */
:host {
display: block; /* Host elements are often inline by default */
border: 2px dashed purple;
padding: 10px;
}
/* Style the host element when it has a certain class */
:host(.special) {
background-color: lightyellow;
}
</style>
<p>Content inside the host!</p>
`;And in your HTML:
<my-custom-element></my-custom-element>
<my-custom-element class="special"></my-custom-element>::slotted(): This is used to style elements that are distributed into the shadow DOM via the<slot>element (which we'll touch on shortly).const shadowRoot = hostElement.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
<style>
::slotted(p) { /* Style any <p> elements slotted into this component */
color: green;
font-weight: bold;
}
::slotted([slot="icon"]) { /* Style elements with the slot="icon" attribute */
fill: red; /* Example for SVG */
}
</style>
<slot></slot> <!-- Default slot -->
<slot name="icon"></slot> <!-- Named slot -->
`;And in your HTML:
<my-custom-element>
<p>This paragraph will be green and bold!</p>
<svg slot="icon">...</svg> <!-- This SVG will be red -->
</my-custom-element>
Slots: Injecting Content into Your Shadow DOM
The<slot>element is crucial for allowing the light DOM to project content into the shadow DOM. It acts as a placeholder within the shadow tree where external content can be rendered.- Default Slot: If you have an un-named
<slot>in your shadow tree, it will render any child elements from the light DOM that don't have aslotattribute assigned to them. - Named Slots: You can give slots a
nameattribute. Then, in your light DOM, you can assign child elements to specific slots using theslotattribute with a matching name.<my-component>
<span slot="header">My Custom Header</span> <!-- This goes into the named slot "header" -->
<p>This is the default content.</p> <!-- This goes into the default slot -->
</my-component>And in the component's shadow DOM:
<style>
.container {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 15px;
}
h2 {
color: navy;
}
</style>
<div class="container">
<slot name="header"><h2>Default Header</h2></slot> <!-- Named slot -->
<div>
<slot></slot> <!-- Default slot -->
</div>
</div>This allows for flexible and reusable components where the consumer can provide their own content for specific parts of the component.
Putting It All Together: A More Realistic Example
Let's imagine creating a simple, reusable "fancy-card" component.// fancy-card.js
class FancyCard extends HTMLElement {
constructor() {
super();
const shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
<style>
:host {
display: block;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 16px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
background-color: white;
margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.card-header {
font-size: 1.2em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 12px;
color: #333;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
padding-bottom: 8px;
}
.card-content {
color: #555;
line-height: 1.6;
}
/* Style the slotted title if it's an h3 */
::slotted(h3) {
margin-top: 0; /* Remove default margin for slotted h3 */
color: #007bff; /* Make slotted h3 blue */
}
</style>
<div class="card-header">
<slot name="title">Default Card Title</slot>
</div>
<div class="card-content">
<slot></slot>
</div>
`;
}
}customElements.define('fancy-card', FancyCard);
And in your HTML:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Fancy Card Demo</title>
<style>
body {
background-color: #f4f4f4;
padding: 20px;
}
/* Global styles will NOT affect the card's internal elements */
h3 {
color: red !important; /* This will NOT affect the slotted h3 within fancy-card */
}
</style>
</head>
<body><h1>Web Components with Shadow DOM</h1>
<fancy-card>
<h3 slot="title">My Awesome Feature</h3>
<p>This is some descriptive content about our awesome feature. It leverages the power of Shadow DOM for robust encapsulation.</p>
<p>You can add multiple paragraphs or any other HTML content here.</p>
</fancy-card><fancy-card>
<span slot="title">Another Card Example</span>
<p>This card uses a <span>span</span> for its title instead of an H3.</p>
</fancy-card><fancy-card>
<!-- No slot="title" provided, so "Default Card Title" will be used -->
<p>This card only has default content.</p>
</fancy-card><script src="fancy-card.js"></script>
</body>
</html>In this example, you can see how the
fancy-cardcomponent uses Shadow DOM to encapsulate its structure and styling. Theslot="title"allows users to inject their own title content, and the::slotted(h3)selector ensures that even if the user provides anh3for the title, it gets styled appropriately within the shadow DOM. Crucially, the globalh3 { color: red !important; }style has no effect on theh3inside thefancy-card.Conclusion: Embrace the Power of Encapsulation!
Shadow DOM is more than just a cool technical feature; it's a fundamental shift in how we think about building user interfaces on the web. By providing true encapsulation, it empowers developers to create modular, reusable, and maintainable components that are robust and less prone to conflicts.While there's a learning curve, the benefits of embracing Shadow DOM – particularly when used in conjunction with Custom Elements and HTML Templates as part of the Web Components standard – are immense. It’s the key to building scalable and predictable web applications in the modern era.
So, go forth and experiment! Start building your own encapsulated components. The web just got a whole lot more organized and a lot less prone to CSS wars. Happy coding!#css #frontend #javascript #webdev #software #coding #development #engineering #inclusive #community
Web Components: Shadow DOM -
DATE: October 21, 2026 at 09:00AM
SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
-------------------------------------------------TITLE: Older adults tell the story of their lives differently, and it may not be a sign of decline, new psychology study suggests
A new study published in Psychology and Aging indicates that having to switch between recalling different types of personal memories makes it harder for both young and older adults to follow instructions accurately. Beyond the mental effort of juggling changing rules, the findings suggest that older adults tend to include more general personal facts and fewer specific details than younger adults, whether they are recalling a one-time event or a recurring routine.
Autobiographical memory is the mental system that allows people to recollect their own life history. It encompasses two main kinds of information: episodic memory and personal semantic memory. Episodic memories are rich recollections of unique events tied to a specific time and place, such as a particular birthday dinner last month. Personal semantic memories are broader facts about one’s life that are not tied to a single episode, such as general self-knowledge. Falling between the two are memories of repeated events, like a weekly habit of cooking with a friend, which summarize many similar occasions while still carrying some sensory and contextual detail.
As people age, the balance between these forms of recall tends to change. A benchmark 2002 study of younger and older adults found that when asked to describe past life events, younger adults mostly shared specific details about what happened, where they were, and how they felt, whereas older adults shared fewer time-and-place details and favored general, factual knowledge.
“A typical example would be that if a young adult is telling you about their last birthday party, they are more likely to include specific contextual and perceptual details (such as the specific time and place, what clothes people wore at that party, or specific details about what they said),” senior author Louis Renoult, a professor of cognitive neuroscience and the postgraduate research director in the School of Psychology at the University of East Anglia, told PsyPost. “In contrast, when remembering the same event, older adults would typically provide more factual background knowledge about similar birthday parties or other celebrations they would have attended, or more general knowledge they have about the people involved, for example.”
This pattern raised questions about whether the shift toward general memories comes from changes in how memories are stored or from age-related declines in executive control, which is the set of mental skills used to manage goals, stay focused, and filter out irrelevant thoughts. A 2013 study explored this by changing how instructions were given while participants listened to musical clips, finding that younger adults adjusted how specific their memories were to match the rules, while older adults did not adjust their recall as much when task demands grew more complex.
To test how mental flexibility affects memory recall, another 2013 study of university students introduced a test requiring participants to rapidly alternate between recalling unique, one-time events and repeated routines. The students were less accurate at providing specific memories when they had to switch back and forth compared to when they followed a single rule at a time.
“In the field, people generally assume that the greater reliance on factual knowledge (and semantic memory) in aging would constitute a compensation, due to a less efficient episodic memory,” explained Renoult, who also recently discussed memory and aging on a podcast episode. “However, tests commonly used to assess semantic and episodic memory are rarely well matched in difficulty, and most tests of autobiographical memory focus on episodic memory only. Due to these issues, my research group has developed new memory tests to study semantic and episodic memory in parallel, in conditions where they are well matched experimentally to better understand memory changes as we get older.”
To examine whether mental switching places an extra burden on older adults during memory recall and how it interacts with the broader shift toward factual details, Renoult and his colleagues carried out the new study. The work was led by Greta Melega while she was completing her doctorate at the University of East Anglia; she is now a postdoctoral researcher at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (“and also an elite European Ultimate Frisbee player (!),” Renoult noted).
The researchers recruited 45 younger adults and 45 older adults, all of whom were native English speakers without psychiatric or neurological conditions. After excluding participants who did not finish the study, had poor audio recordings, fell below a cognitive screening threshold, or did not pass an initial training check, the final sample included 37 older adults aged 60 to 85 and 37 younger adults aged 18 to 33.
The two age groups had similar levels of education and did not differ in self-reported symptoms of depression or anxiety, which the authors measured because mood can influence how specifically people recall the past. A subset of 30 younger and 30 older participants also completed standard tests of attention and working memory, showing no statistically significant differences between the age groups.
Participants completed an online memory task where they saw 21 neutral, easy-to-visualize cue words on a screen, one at a time. Depending on the prompt, they had up to one minute to think of either a specific memory (a unique event lasting less than a day, such as having “a good time at Jane’s party last month in London”) or a categoric memory (a repeated event that happened multiple times in a similar way, such as “When I go to Jane’s house, we usually cook together and watch a movie afterwards”).
Once a memory came to mind, they pressed a button and spoke aloud for up to two minutes to describe it in as much detail as possible. After each description, participants had five seconds per question to rate how vivid and emotional the memory was, whether they saw it through their own eyes or as an outside observer, and how long ago it took place.
The experiment was divided into two parts: a baseline block and a switching block. In the baseline block, participants followed one instruction at a time, recalling three specific memories in a row and three categoric memories in a row. In the 14-trial switching block, the instructions to recall specific or categoric memories changed unpredictably every two or three trials. This allowed the scientists to compare “switch trials,” where the rule had just changed from the previous prompt, with “remain trials,” where the rule stayed the same as the prompt right before it.
The research team evaluated the recorded narratives in two ways. First, they measured accuracy, defined as the percentage of memories that matched the prompt given on that trial. Second, for the memories that matched the instructions, the researchers broke the transcripts down to count the exact types of details produced: episodic details (specific sights, times, and feelings of a one-time event), repeated event details (context and sensory details of a recurring routine), semantic details (general facts and personal background knowledge), and other statements like repetitions. Because older adults spoke longer on average than younger adults (about 45 seconds versus 27 seconds) and produced more total details per memory (an average of 11.00 details compared to 7.41), the authors analyzed the proportion of each detail type rather than raw counts.
When looking at overall accuracy, both younger and older participants had a harder time following instructions when they had to juggle both rules in the switching block, dropping from 82 percent accuracy in the baseline block to 73 percent in the switching block. Within the switching block itself, accuracy did not differ between switch trials and remain trials, suggesting that the mental cost came from keeping two different rules in mind at once rather than the immediate act of switching from one trial to the next.
Older adults were not disproportionately harmed by the switching block compared to younger adults. Across the experiment, the two age groups were equally accurate when asked to recall specific, one-time events, with older adults succeeding on 81 percent of trials and younger adults on 80 percent. However, older adults were less accurate than younger adults when instructed to recall categoric, repeated events, matching the instructions 68 percent of the time compared to 81 percent for younger adults. When participants failed to provide a proper categoric memory, they most often defaulted to sharing general personal facts instead of an actual recurring event.
When the researchers examined how participants elaborated on their accurate memories, strong age differences appeared regardless of whether participants were in the baseline or switching block. Even when older adults successfully recalled a unique, one-time event, only 66 percent of the details they shared were specific episodic details, compared to 79 percent for younger adults. In turn, general semantic facts made up 18 percent of older adults’ descriptions of unique events, compared to 13 percent for younger adults.
A similar pattern emerged for categoric memories: older adults included a smaller proportion of on-target repeated event details than younger adults (48 percent versus 72 percent) and a much larger proportion of general semantic information across both blocks (40 to 42 percent for older adults, versus 15 to 24 percent for younger adults).
“As observed previously, older adults consistently produced more semantic (factual) details but less episodic (specific) elements than young adults,” Renoult said. “However, crucially, this was not only observed under specific (episodic) instructions, but also under categoric (semantic) instructions. This suggests that remembering the past using more factual knowledge is adaptive and meaningful to older adults, and not necessarily the result of a compensation, or of a general decline in their memory abilities.”
The study itself did not test what purpose, if any, this narrative style serves.
Increased task demands in the switching block also altered the makeup of memory details. Under categoric instructions, moving to the switching block reduced the proportion of target repeated event details from 67 percent to 54 percent across participants. The paper reports a similar shift under specific instructions, but its figures for that comparison duplicate those given elsewhere, so the size of that effect is uncertain.
The subjective ratings highlighted additional differences in how the two age groups experienced their memories. Even though older adults included proportionally fewer specific details in their stories, they rated their specific memories as more vivid than younger adults did (an average of 3.81 versus 3.53 on a 5-point scale) and rated their memories overall as more emotional (2.92 versus 2.46). Regarding the age of the memories, younger adults mostly drew from the past five years, especially the past year, whereas older adults recalled memories from more than 10 years ago on 39 percent of specific trials and 48 percent of categoric trials, compared to just 15 percent and 7 percent for younger adults.
“It is important to realize that, even though young and older adults remember their past differently (with different narrative style), in these studies participants of both age groups are able to follow the overall instructions and retrieve the relevant type of information in most trials (i.e., they produce the correct type of memory, even if with different amount of details),” Renoult noted. “Nonetheless, the results that we report in this study are consistent with previous findings from our group using different methods.”
Renoult also emphasized that differences in how older adults recount their past should not be mistaken for a broad loss of memory function. “Sometimes people have gloomy views of aging, but not all types of memory decline when we get older, as shown in studies such as ours: Semantic memory (general knowledge of the world) is well preserved in older adults (who sometimes outperform young adults in these tasks).”
As with all research, there are a few things to keep in mind when interpreting these results. The study’s design and analysis plan were not preregistered. Because the baseline block was always completed before the switching block so participants could learn the rules, fatigue or the possibility that the easiest memories were used up first could have contributed to the drop in performance during the switching phase. The number of trials was also kept relatively small to prevent tiredness during online testing, which meant the authors could not separately test whether switching rules hurt one memory type more than the other.
In addition, the older adults in this sample performed just as well as the younger undergraduate students on standard cognitive tests of working memory and attention. Because executive control often declines with age, this high-performing group of older adults might not reflect the broader aging population, which could explain why they had no trouble finding specific memories when prompted. The participants were also predominantly female, and they were allowed to choose memories from any point in their lives; future studies could restrict recall to specific time periods and use standardized follow-up prompts to see if older adults can retrieve more specific sensory details when encouraged to do so.
Looking ahead, the research team plans to explore how the social context of a conversation shapes the way people recount their lives. “We are interested to investigate social elements that may influence memory retrieval in aging, such as with whom one is sharing their memories,” Renoult said. “One related bias in the literature is that older adults are typically interviewed by a young adult (e.g., a PhD student, or a research assistant). It is possible that, in such cases, older adults include more general knowledge to provide additional background information for someone of a different age group.”
The study, “Age-Related Differences in Autobiographical Memory Recall: Impact of Retrieval Mode Switching,” was authored by Greta Melega, Alice Bush, Tabitha James, Riccardo Sacripante, and Louis Renoult.
-------------------------------------------------
Private, vetted email list for mental health professionals: https://www.clinicians-exchange.org
Unofficial Psychology Today Xitter to toot feed at Psych Today Unofficial Bot @PTUnofficialBot
-------------------------------------------------
#psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #AutobiographicalMemory #AgingAndMemory #EpisodicVsSemantic #MemorySwitchCost #OlderAdultsMemory #CognitiveAging #SemanticMemoryPreserved #MemoryResearch #MentalFlexibility #PsychologyAndAging
-
20 years after Hurricane Katrina, the Lower 9th Ward only has one grocery store https://www.diningandcooking.com/us/59492/ #area #BurnellCotlon #community #cotlon #Grocery #GroceryStore #HurricaneKatrina #lot #Louisiana #LouisianaDining #LouisianaFood #LouisianaGroceryStores #LouisianaRestaurants #Low9thWard #LowerNinthWard #Market #NearStore #NewOrleans #OnlyBusiness #part #people #store #world #year
-
Bay Area lawmakers press White House on who cut Ukraine’s satellite link
Three Bay Area Democrats in Congress on Friday demanded a government-wide investigation into who ordered restrictions on SpaceX’s…
#Ukraine #UA #Europe #Europa #EU #News #DefenseTech #ElonMusk #Moguls #RoKhanna #SpaceX #TrumpvsCalifornia
https://www.europesays.com/ukraine/59967/ -
Smoking Area, Seoul, South Korea | Smoking Area by ucfthtp on Fotoshi
📍 Seoul, South Korea
#Fotoshi #OpenStreetMap #GIS #StreetPhotography #Photography
-
Bristol area could go a year without library after closure at abandoned shopping centre
A South Bristol neighbourhood could go a whole year without a library after the sudden closure of the…
#Bristol #UnitedKingdom #UK #GB #England #Headlines #News #Europe #EU #Britain #GreatBritain
https://www.europesays.com/uk/1267493/ -
Cleveland Area ZIP Codes Explained
Introduction Within the Greater Cleveland area, ZIP code areas are relatively similar to Columbus area ZIP codes structurally, as opposed to Cincinnati area ZIP codes effectively starting with the downtown core and continuing outward. Cleveland, OH 44102 ZIP code 44102 is located on the west side of Cleveland immediately west of Downtown and is associated with neighborhood areas such as Edgewater, Detroit-Shoreway, Ashbury Towers, and portions of Cudell and West Boulevard. Cleveland, OH […]https://novatopflex.wordpress.com/2026/10/21/cleveland-area-zip-codes-explained/
-
Every area where media is consumed is the tell. A claim that broad can't be tested, which is precisely why it sounds so convincing.
The Mockingbird hedge does the real work here , no secret ID badge, just talking points in a letter now and then.
#ForeignPolicy #Election #Africa
Follow @stelle.world for tech, science and everything in between.
Automate your social media. Try Stelle for free: https://stelle.world. -
Bay Area favorite Zio Fraedo’s shutters in Vallejo after rent dispute https://www.diningandcooking.com/us/57717/ #BayArea #Business #California #CaliforniaRestaurants #NorthernCalifornia #restaurants #StoreClosings
-
Columbus Area ZIP Codes Explained
Introduction Within the City of Columbus and immediate inner suburbs, largely associated with Franklin County, are a plethora of distinctive ZIP codes associated with the city and region in Central Ohio overall. Columbus, OH 43201 North of Downtown Columbus, ZIP code 43201 is associated with the northern side of the Short North and Victorian Village, along with Milo-Grogan, Harrison West, Weinland Park, and the University District east of The Ohio State University (OSU). Columbus, OH […]https://novatopflex.wordpress.com/2026/10/20/columbus-area-zip-codes-explained/
-
Tokyo area condo prices hit half-year record, but signs of slowdown emerge
Property Rising interest rates start to squeeze how much homebuyers can afford As banks in Japan raise mortgage rates, homebuyers find themselves able to borrow less than before. (Photo by Shun Kato) K…
#Japan #JP #Tokyo #area #condo #Emerge #half-year #Hit #news #Prices #record #signs #SlowDown #tokyonews #東京 #東京都
https://www.alojapan.com/1556303/tokyo-area-condo-prices-hit-half-year-record-but-signs-of-slowdown-emerge/