#scientific-reports — Public Fediverse posts

Internet zbudowany przez naturę. Zaskakujące badania pokazują, jak grzyby reagują na związki chemiczne

Większość z nas postrzega grzyby jedynie przez pryzmat owocników, które po deszczu wystają ponad ściółkę. W rzeczywistości pod naszymi stopami kryją się gigantyczne, podziemne sieci grzybni, które przypominają naturalny internet i nieustannie przekazują sobie sygnały elektryczne.

Japońscy naukowcy postanowili sprawdzić, jak dokładnie działają te kanały, badając ich reakcję na wodę i konkretne związki chemiczne. Wyniki precyzyjnie pokazują, w jaki sposób biologiczna sieć reaguje na zmiany w środowisku.

Elektrody podpięte do leśnej sieci

Badacze z Uniwersytetu Tohoku opublikowali na łamach „Scientific Reports” wyniki fascynującego eksperymentu. Podłączyli oni mikroskopijne elektrody do 37 dziko rosnących grzybów ektomykoryzowych. Ten konkretny rodzaj grzybów charakteryzuje się bardzo dużą wrażliwością na wysokie stężenie amoniaku w glebie. Co ciekawe, w ramach eksperymentu naukowcy jako naturalnego źródła tego związku użyli ludzkiego moczu, chcąc zbadać reakcję sieci na codzienne, organiczne procesy zachodzące w przyrodzie.

Naukowcy potraktowali badane obiekty wodą z kranu oraz wspomnianym źródłem amoniaku, a następnie mierzyli ich sygnały elektryczne. Badania potwierdziły, że przepływ ładunków w biologicznej sieci nie jest przypadkowy – aktywność elektryczna potrafi drastycznie wzrastać lub spadać w zależności od tego, z jakim bodźcem organizm wszedł w kontakt.

Dlaczego podziemny internet nagle milknie?

Zanotowane wyniki obalają mit, że system korzeniowy pulsuje nieprzerwanie i z taką samą intensywnością. Kiedy naukowcy polali wodą tylko jednego grzyba, jego aktywność elektryczna natychmiast wzrosła, co oznaczało zwiększoną aktywność sygnałów płynących do reszty sieci. Kiedy jednak wodę rozlano na znacznie większym obszarze, ogólna aktywność elektryczna spadła. Podobny efekt gwałtownego „wyciszenia” przesyłu sygnałów zaobserwowano po potraktowaniu pojedynczego grzyba amoniakiem.

Skąd bierze się ta wybiórczość? Autorzy badania stawiają prostą i logiczną hipotezę: jeśli bodziec dotyka od razu dużego obszaru, podziemna sieć nie musi przesyłać dalej ładunków, bo wszystkie jej węzły już na niego zareagowały. Oprócz tego naukowcy zauważyli, że na jakość przesyłu danych mocno wpływa również dystans fizyczny oraz stopień pokrewieństwa genetycznego między poszczególnymi grzybami.

Dla nas to nie tylko biologiczna ciekawostka. Rozszyfrowanie sposobu, w jaki rośliny i grzyby reagują na nagłe zmiany chemiczne czy suszę, to klucz do stworzenia rolnictwa przyszłości. W dłuższej perspektywie może to pomóc w projektowaniu naturalnie odpornych upraw, pozwalając ograniczyć zużycie sztucznych nawozów.

Świadomość jako fundament wszechświata. Radykalna teoria fizyczki z Uppsali to nie pseudonauka

🎉 New paper out in #ScientificReports on how #humans and #MachineLearning can infer the #content of a #conversation based only on the #facial #dynamics of the speakers.

Great work, together with Pras Utama, Johanna Köchling, Jana Straßheim, Britta Renner and Harald Schupp 🙂

"Social context shapes facial dynamics: human and machine decoding of conversation topics"

#OpenAccess

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-30403-9

WATCH: incredible drone footage shows orcas and dolphins hunting together for the first time

https://web.brid.gy/r/https://www.upworthy.com/orcas-dolphins-collaborating

New paper out in #ScientificReports on how humans perceive sex-specific #BodyOdours [i.e., #MSH and #HMHA]. It confirms the existence of #gender and #age differences in odour #perception, as well as a pre-existing bias associating #pleasantness with #femininity. However, the effects of the compounds themselves are very small, indicating a minimal role of MSH and/or HMHA in mate preferences.

A combined work with #CamilleFerdenziLemaitre, #GéraldineCoppin and #SylvainDelplanque :-)

#OpenAccess

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-26457-4

How good is #ChatGPT as a university correction assistant? Researchers at the #UniPassau investigated this question – and were surprised by some of the results. The findings have been published in #ScientificReports by @natureportfolio.nature.com
https://nachrichten.idw-online.de/2025/10/24/passau-study-shows-ai-passes-as-second-corrector-in-exams

Wie gut ist ChatGPT als universitäre Korrekturassistentin? Dieser Frage sind Forschende der #UniPassau nachgegangen - und waren zum Teil selbst überrascht. Die Ergebnisse sind in #ScientificReports von @natureportfolio.nature.com erschienen.
https://nachrichten.idw-online.de/2025/10/24/passauer-studie-zeigt-ki-besteht-als-zweitkorrektorin-bei-pruefungen

Studi / I papiri carbonizzati di Ercolano ridanno voce al filosofo stoico Zenone

Elena Percivaldi

Un’altra pagina perduta del pensiero antico torna a vivere dalle ceneri di Ercolano. Grazie alle nuovissime tecnologie di imaging avanzato, un team di studiosi dell’Università di Pisa e del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) è riuscito a leggere porzioni finora inaccessibili dei papiri carbonizzati provenienti dalla Villa dei Papiri di Ercolano, sepolta dall’eruzione del Vesuvio del 79 d.C.

La scoperta, pubblicata su Scientific Reports (Springer Nature), ha rivelato nuove informazioni su Zenone di Cizio, il fondatore dello Stoicismo, gettando luce su aspetti poco noti della sua vita e della sua dottrina. Debolezza fisica, isolamento volontario e rigore ascetico emergono dai testi come tratti distintivi di un uomo interamente dedito alla riflessione filosofica e alla virtù morale.

Leggi anche

https://storiearcheostorie.com/2022/12/13/archeologia-carbonizzati-ma-vivi-reperti-lignei-ercolano-reggia-portici/

Lo Stoicismo e il suo maestro

Fondato ad Atene intorno al 300 a.C., lo Stoicismo è una delle scuole più influenti del pensiero ellenistico. Il suo fondatore, Zenone di Cizio, predicava la necessità di vivere in accordo con natura e ragione, esercitando il controllo delle passioni per raggiungere l’equilibrio interiore.

I nuovi frammenti, decifrati grazie a tecniche non invasive, confermano la fama di Zenone come asceta e maestro di rigore, ma anche come figura discussa. In alcuni passi del papiro PHerc. 1018, che contiene la Storia della scuola stoica di Filodemo di Gadara, il filosofo viene persino descritto come “moralmente discutibile” per alcune teorie contenute nella sua opera La Repubblica, dove proponeva pratiche sociali decisamente poco convenzionali per l’epoca.

Deriso dai contemporanei per la sua origine fenicia e la scarsa padronanza del greco, Zenone si guadagnò tuttavia alla morte solenni onoranze pubbliche, segno del rispetto che la città di Atene nutriva per la sua grandezza filosofica.

La rivoluzione della termografia attiva

Il vero salto in avanti di questa ricerca risiede nella tecnologia impiegata: la termografia attiva. Per la prima volta, infatti, i ricercatori del CNR-ISPC (Istituto di Scienze del Patrimonio Culturale) e del CNR-ISASI (Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti “Eduardo Caianiello”) hanno applicato questa tecnica ai papiri ercolanesi.

Il metodo, basato sulla rilevazione di contrasti termici tra l’inchiostro carbonioso e la superficie del papiro, permette di ottenere immagini leggibili anche in rotoli fortemente danneggiati. Il risultato è un livello di dettaglio paragonabile all’imaging iperspettrale a onda corta (SWIR), ma con una maggiore capacità di rivelare informazioni sulla struttura interna del papiro e sulle zone di restauro o incollaggio.

Come ha spiegato Costanza Miliani, direttrice dell’ISPC-CNR, questa tecnica “consente di acquisire segnali invisibili a occhio nudo, restituendo testi quasi del tutto perduti e garantendo allo stesso tempo la conservazione dei materiali originali”.

Le nuove edizioni dei testi: più parole, più filosofia

Le immagini ottenute hanno permesso di arricchire in modo significativo l’edizione critica di diversi papiri.
La nuova versione della Storia della scuola stoica curata da Kilian Fleischer (Università di Tubinga) contiene il 10% di testo greco in più rispetto all’edizione del 1994, offrendo nuovi dati sulla cronologia di Zenone e dei suoi successori Crisippo e Panezio, che introdusse lo stoicismo a Roma.

Non meno straordinari i risultati relativi ad altri rotoli:

• Il papiro PHerc. 1508, curato da Eleni Avdoulou, rivela il 45% di testo in più e sembra contenere non una storia della scuola pitagorica, come si credeva, ma una biografia di medici greci, tra cui Acrone di Agrigento ed Eurifonte di Cnido.
• Il papiro PHerc. 1780, riedito da Carlo Pernigotti, restituisce il 30% in più di testo greco e si è rivelato una raccolta di testamenti di filosofi epicurei, l’unico testo documentario della collezione ercolanese.

Scienza e tutela: un equilibrio possibile

La ricerca rientra nel Progetto ERC Advanced Grant GreekSchools, coordinato da Graziano Ranocchia del Dipartimento di Filologia, Letteratura e Linguistica dell’Università di Pisa.
La direttrice della Biblioteca Nazionale di Napoli, Silvia Scipioni, ha sottolineato come “le nuove tecnologie concilino tutela e ricerca, permettendo la lettura dei papiri senza alcun danno fisico”.

Per la prima volta, la Biblioteca è co-beneficiaria di un progetto europeo, al fianco del CNR e dell’Università di Pisa: un passo decisivo verso la digitalizzazione e conservazione integrata dei papiri, considerati tra i documenti più fragili e preziosi dell’antichità.

Come ha concluso Ivo Rendina, direttore del CNR-ISASI, “questi metodi di diagnostica ottica restituiscono alla comunità scientifica e alla società un patrimonio di conoscenze rimasto per duemila anni nel silenzio della cenere”.

Per saperne di più:

• Ceccarelli, S., Rippa, M., Caruso, G. et al. Pulsed thermographic analysis of Herculaneum papyri. Sci Rep 15, 34466 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-19911-w

#archeologia #CNR #Ercolano #FilodemoDiGadara #filosofiaGreca #GreekSchools #papiri #ScientificReports #Stoicismo #studi #termografiaAttiva #UniversitàDiPisa #VillaDeiPapiri #ZenoneDiCizio

We all know there are several #Pubpeer comments showing fraudulent data and AI-generated papers in #ScientificReports by #SpringerNature, but wow that journal's #review process is screwed up much more than people realize.... Worst experience ever. After one AE refused to make a decision after two second round reviews were in, new AE said we need a 3rd reviewer and round three to settle the reviewers' disagreement. Okay. Review 3 is now in: "My concerns are minor and can be easily addressed in a revision." Editor decision: Reject.

#ScientificReports Automated analysis of emotional expressions in dogs based on geometric morphometrics https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-15741-y a novel AI-pipeline to study fear expressions of pet dogs in their home, analysing owner-provided video recordings during a real-life firework situation

#ScientificReports Third-party imitation is not restricted to humans https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-11665-9 third-party imitation, even for intransitive actions, exists outside humans, in undomesticated blue-throated macaws (Ara glaucogularis), allowing for rapid adaption to group behaviours.

A study published in Scientific Reports in 2024 claims that "AI systems emit between 130 and 1500 times less CO2e per page of text generated compared to human writers, while AI illustration systems emit between 310 and 2900 times less CO2e per image than their human counterparts." 👀

Huge if true.

Here's the kicker: "For the human writing process, we looked at humans’ total annual carbon footprints, and then took a subset of that annual footprint based on how much time they spent writing." 🤔

Of course, writing contributes to carbon footprints in the same way as all other human activities like *checks notes* heavy industry, transport, agriculture, and energy and heating. /s 🙄

Last author Andrew W. Torrance declares holding shares in NVIDIA. 🤦

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-54271-x

All credit for these insights goes to Higher Ed discussions of AI writing & use https://facebook.com/groups/632930835501841/

#ChatGPT #ScientificReports #AItools #ChatBots #AIwriting #CarbonEmissions #EnergyUseStudy #CO2emissions #ScientificWriting #CarbonFootprintOfAI #EnvironmentalImpactOfAI #EnvironmentalImpactAnalysis #SciComm

#ScientificReports #2025Apr17 Perception and argumentation in the LK-99 superconductivity controversy: a sentiment and argument mining analysis https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-98554-3
Analysis of 797 YouTube videos, 71,096 comments, and 1,329 news articles collected between 2023 and 2024.

You Can Make Amber Fossils in 24 Hours, Instead of Millions of Years - Paleontologists hope that an amber-like material, made with living tree resin, will shed ... - https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/24/science/amber-fossils-synthetic.html #scientificreports(journal) #your-feed-science #paleontology #research #fossils #amber

@SciMag is alarmed that low quality articles are flawing #SystematicReviews.

One solution is to only include studies that are in #opendata.

Another is to ignore #predatory and journals in the "gray zone" (e.g. all #MDPI, #Frontiers, #ScientificReports, etc.) as we already do in evaluation committees.

https://www.science.org/content/article/systematic-reviews-aim-extract-broad-conclusions-many-studies-are-peril

Our study on subjective and objective workload of #intensive #care #nurses is published in #ScientificReports. https://rdcu.be/dVzd7
#Criticalcare nurses experience a subjective high mental load, moderate pace and amount of work and physical load, and low emotional-moral load. Objective measurement instruments such as the TISS-28, NEMS, SGI category, patient-to-nurse ratio reflect some aspects of stress from direct patient care but not all ... #oa #science @nursingresearch @nursing #staffing

New research from *Scientific Reports* shows that how you perceive time is tied to the amount of new information your brain processes. When you're young, everything feels new, so your brain works harder, making time seem to move slowly. As you age, fewer things feel novel, so your brain has less to process, and time seems to fly by. Additionally, once we hit our 20s, the release of dopamine in response to new experiences begins to decline, further contributing to the sensation that time is speeding up.

#Neuroscience #Perception #Time #Dopamine #BrainHealth #Psychology #Aging #ScientificReports #MentalHealth #CognitiveScience #GreatRead

https://www.inc-aus.com/jeff-haden/want-to-feel-youre-living-a-longer-fuller-life-neuroscience-says-making-more-dense-memories-is-best-way-to-slow-passage-of-time.html

Im 14. Jahrhundert haben #Sturmfluten den Verwaltungsbezirk Edomsharde im heutigen nordfriesischen Wattenmeer komplett zerstört. Zu dieser Harde gehörte auch die sagenhafte Siedlung #Rungholt. Den aktuellen Stand der Forschung dazu hat ein Team von @unimainz, #LEIZA, #UniKiel #ALSH und #ClusterROOTS jetzt in @Nature #ScientificReports veröffentlicht: https://www.uni-kiel.de/de/cluster-roots/detailansicht/news/das-erste-umfassende-bild-von-rungholt
#Archäologie #Geophysik #Landschaftsarchäologie #Naturgefahren

New #paper alert! Camila Bruder, David Poeppel (@ESI_Frankfurt), and Larrouy Maestri find that "#Perceptual (but not #acoustic) features predict #singing #voice preferences". Out now in #ScientificReports: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-58924-9

L’éditeur scientifique #Elsevier a émis en quelques jours des réserves éthiques (“expressions of concern”) portant sur 101 articles publiés par Didier #Raoult et ses collègues de l’#IHU Méditerranée dans la revue New Microbes and New Infections.

Cela s’ajoute à la presque cinquantaine d’“expressions of concern” précédemment formulées en 2022 par les revues du groupe #PLOS.

De plus, un autre article, initialement paru dans la revue #ScientificReports, a été rétracté. Il s’agit de la 10ème rétractation d’article pour Didier Raoult.

https://retractionwatch.com/2024/04/03/embattled-researcher-didier-raoult-earns-dozens-more-expressions-of-concern-and-another-retraction/

In sync with #music: A new #paper out in #ScientificReports
shows that audiences of #classicalconcerts resonate with the music and that #synchrony is even higher when the listeners feel moved emotionally and inspired by a piece. Great collaboration work of @unibern, Zeppelin University, Friedrichshafen, and @MPI_ae!

Learn more 👉 https://nature.com/articles/s41598-023-41960-2

'This fossil of a mammal biting a dinosaur captures a death battle's final moments'

...a #remarkable #new #fossil, originating in the early #Cretaceous some 125 million years ago and now described in the journal #ScientificReports, conjures a rather different possibility. It consists of two #intertwined #skeletons — an upstart #mammal #sinkingitsteeth into a much larger #dinosaur.

https://www.npr.org/2023/07/18/1188275701/this-fossil-of-a-mammal-biting-a-dinosaur-captures-a-death-battles-final-moments

#AllThingsConsidered
#AriDaniel

#Study finds #female #astronauts more efficient, suggesting #future #space missions with all-female crews

"#Researchers from the #SpaceMedicineTeam, #EuropeanSpaceAgency in #Germany have conducted a study published in #ScientificReports that found female astronauts have lower water requirements for hydration, total energy expenditure, oxygen (O2) consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) and metabolic heat production during space exploration missions compared to their male counterparts."

https://phys.org/news/2023-05-female-astronauts-efficient-future-space.html

‘Deletions’ From the Human Genome May Be What Made Us Human:
The loss of about 10,000 bits of DNA over the course of our evolutionary history helped differentiate us from other mammals, a team of Yale researchers found.

https://news.yale.edu/2023/04/27/deletions-human-genome-may-be-what-made-us-human

#genetics #evolution #dna #molecularbiology #scientificreports #HumanGenetics #humangenome

Genome Research: Origin & Evolution of Vine
Cultivation and growth of grapevines have strongly influenced European civilizations, but where the grapevine comes from and how it has spread across the globe has been highly disputed so far. In an extensive genome project, researchers have determined its origin and evolution from the wild vine to today's cultivar by analyzing thousands of vine genomes

https://www.kit.edu/kit/english/pi_2023_007_genome-research-origin-and-evolution-of-vine.php

#genetics #evolution #molecularbiology #wine #scientificreports