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  1. وطن عزیز ہند و پاک و بنگال کے برادران عزیز کو یوم آزادی کی تہ دل سے مبارکباد!💐 🇮🇳 🇵🇰 🇧🇩
    آئیے ہم یہ عزم کریں کہ اپنے ملک میں ہم سبھی عقیدہ و فکر کے انسانوں سے محبت رکھیں گے،
    اور
    se dosti badhayenge❤️

  2. آزادی کوئی ایسی شے نہیں جسے ایک بار حاصل کرنے کے بعد اسے اپنے حال پر چھوڑ دیا جائے۔ آزادی اپنی بقا کے لیے ہر صبح و شام جدوجہد اور قربانی مانگتی ہے۔
    خود

  3. ⬆️ @CiaraNi

    >> In Irish, 'in ainm Dé' is literally 'in the name of God', but in context has the stronger sense of 'for fuck's sake'. Both when said in Irish and in English, given the tone.

    Same in Indic languages. So, amending my previous post:

    #Hindi: Bhagwan ke liye — भगवान के लिए

    #Bengali / #Bangla: Bhogobaner janye — ভগবানের জন্যে

    #Gujrati: Bhagwan ni khatar — ભગવાન ની ખાતર

    #Punjabi: Rub di khatar — ਰਬ ਦੀ ਖ਼ਾਤਰ

    #Urdu: Khuda ke liye — خدا کے لیے (right-to-left)

    @MiaMarkTwo @eclectech

  4. ⬆️ @CiaraNi

    >> In Irish, 'in ainm Dé' is literally 'in the name of God', but in context has the stronger sense of 'for fuck's sake'. Both when said in Irish and in English, given the tone.

    Same in Indic languages. So, amending my previous post:

    #Hindi: Bhagwan ke liye — भगवान के लिए

    #Bengali / #Bangla: Bhogobaner janye — ভগবানের জন্যে

    #Gujrati: Bhagwan ni khatar — ભગવાન ની ખાતર

    #Punjabi: Rub di khatar — ਰਬ ਦੀ ਖ਼ਾਤਰ

    #Urdu: Khuda ke liye — خدا کے لیے (right-to-left)

    @MiaMarkTwo @eclectech

  5. ⬆️ @CiaraNi

    >> In Irish, 'in ainm Dé' is literally 'in the name of God', but in context has the stronger sense of 'for fuck's sake'. Both when said in Irish and in English, given the tone.

    Same in Indic languages. So, amending my previous post:

    #Hindi: Bhagwan ke liye — भगवान के लिए

    #Bengali / #Bangla: Bhogobaner janye — ভগবানের জন্যে

    #Gujrati: Bhagwan ni khatar — ભગવાન ની ખાતર

    #Punjabi: Rub di khatar — ਰਬ ਦੀ ਖ਼ਾਤਰ

    #Urdu: Khuda ke liye — خدا کے لیے (right-to-left)

    @MiaMarkTwo @eclectech

  6. ⬆️ @eclectech

    >> let me know how to write "for fuck's sake" in your language (native, or one you're pretty fluent in…). Of course the big question is whether it's used elsewhere?

    #forFucksSake isn't used directly in any of the Indic languages I know. My *literally* crude translations:

    #Hindi: Chode ke liye — चोद के लिए

    #Bengali / #Bangla: Choder janye — চোদের জন্যে

    #Gujrati: Chodu khatar — ખોદુ ખાતર

    #Punjabi: Chode di khatar — ਚੋਦ ਦੀ ਖ਼ਾਤਰ

    #Urdu: Chode ke liye — چود کے لیے (right-to-left)

  7. ⬆️ @eclectech

    >> let me know how to write "for fuck's sake" in your language (native, or one you're pretty fluent in…). Of course the big question is whether it's used elsewhere?

    #forFucksSake isn't used directly in any of the Indic languages I know. My *literally* crude translations:

    #Hindi: Chode ke liye — चोद के लिए

    #Bengali / #Bangla: Choder janye — চোদের জন্যে

    #Gujrati: Chodu khatar — ખોદુ ખાતર

    #Punjabi: Chode di khatar — ਚੋਦ ਦੀ ਖ਼ਾਤਰ

    #Urdu: Chode ke liye — چود کے لیے (right-to-left)

  8. ⬆️ @eclectech

    >> let me know how to write "for fuck's sake" in your language (native, or one you're pretty fluent in…). Of course the big question is whether it's used elsewhere?

    #forFucksSake isn't used directly in any of the Indic languages I know. My *literally* crude translations:

    #Hindi: Chode ke liye — चोद के लिए

    #Bengali / #Bangla: Choder janye — চোদের জন্যে

    #Gujrati: Chodu khatar — ખોદુ ખાતર

    #Punjabi: Chode di khatar — ਚੋਦ ਦੀ ਖ਼ਾਤਰ

    #Urdu: Chode ke liye — چود کے لیے (right-to-left)

  9. ⬆️ @AnotherJen @mekkaokereke

    I grew up learning #British #English (some say "proper" English). At the same college that I mentioned in a different post above, I decided to enroll in "Development of American English"

    The instructor was a white American, and when he found out that I was literate in #Urdu (derived from both #Persian and #Hindi), he invited me to write a greeting on the board.

    When I wrote السلام علیکم from right to left, the whole class was fascinated.

    #ignorance ≠ disinterested

  10. ⬆️ @AnotherJen @mekkaokereke

    I grew up learning #British #English (some say "proper" English). At the same college that I mentioned in a different post above, I decided to enroll in "Development of American English"

    The instructor was a white American, and when he found out that I was literate in #Urdu (derived from both #Persian and #Hindi), he invited me to write a greeting on the board.

    When I wrote السلام علیکم from right to left, the whole class was fascinated.

    #ignorance ≠ disinterested

  11. ⬆️ @AnotherJen @mekkaokereke

    I grew up learning #British #English (some say "proper" English). At the same college that I mentioned in a different post above, I decided to enroll in "Development of American English"

    The instructor was a white American, and when he found out that I was literate in #Urdu (derived from both #Persian and #Hindi), he invited me to write a greeting on the board.

    When I wrote السلام علیکم from right to left, the whole class was fascinated.

    #ignorance ≠ disinterested

  12. آندھی کا آنا ایک قدرتی عمل ہے۔ جب آندھی آئے تو اس کے مقابل چلنے کی کوشش کرنا دانش مندی نہیں، بلکہ اس ہوا کی مخالف سمت میں ٹربائن نصب کر کے اس سے توانائی حاصل کرنا حکمت بھرا رویہ ہے۔

  13. …اگر یہی بصیرت برقرار رہی تو بعید نہیں کہ کل چیونٹیاں یونین بنا لیں، چوہے مارچ نکال دیں، میڈک برساتی اسمبلی طلب کر لیں، سانپ دھرنے پر بیٹھ جائیں، اور باقی قسم قسم کے حیوانات و نباتات بھی جمہوری طریقے سے اپنی موجودگی کا احساس دلانے لگ جائیں۔

  14. ملک میں برسرِاقتدار جماعت کے کارکنان اور ان کے مداح آج کل تل چٹوں کے خلاف صف آرا ہیں۔ انھیں تل چٹے تو صاف نظر آ گئے، مگر وہ گندگی اور بدانتظامی دکھائی نہ دی جہاں سے تل چٹے پیدا ہوتے ہیں۔

  15. I'm only 8% into #Reading it, but already the book in the attached photo is on track to be only my second 5-star read at #TheStoryGraph for 2026. It's proving to be so much MORE than a I expected - not just a #poetry anthology, but a defence of #Urdu a primer on the language and its poetic culture. AND it has a name that makes me smile every time I say it:
    The Hindavi word humsafar means "companion" (on a journey). In the last 20+ years I've sung it more often than I could count in the line "ना तो humsafar की तलाश है" - "I'm not looking for a humsafar".

    It turns out, I was wrong. 😂
    #bookstodon @bookstodon

  16. I'm only 8% into #Reading it, but already the book in the attached photo is on track to be only my second 5-star read at #TheStoryGraph for 2026. It's proving to be so much MORE than a I expected - not just a #poetry anthology, but a defence of #Urdu a primer on the language and its poetic culture. AND it has a name that makes me smile every time I say it:
    The Hindavi word humsafar means "companion" (on a journey). In the last 20+ years I've sung it more often than I could count in the line "ना तो humsafar की तलाश है" - "I'm not looking for a humsafar".

    It turns out, I was wrong. 😂
    #bookstodon @bookstodon

  17. I'm only 8% into #Reading it, but already the book in the attached photo is on track to be only my second 5-star read at #TheStoryGraph for 2026. It's proving to be so much MORE than a I expected - not just a #poetry anthology, but a defence of #Urdu a primer on the language and its poetic culture. AND it has a name that makes me smile every time I say it:
    The Hindavi word humsafar means "companion" (on a journey). In the last 20+ years I've sung it more often than I could count in the line "ना तो humsafar की तलाश है" - "I'm not looking for a humsafar".

    It turns out, I was wrong. 😂
    #bookstodon @bookstodon

  18. I'm only 8% into it, but already the book in the attached photo is on track to be only my second 5-star read at for 2026. It's proving to be so much MORE than a I expected - not just a anthology, but a defence of a primer on the language and its poetic culture. AND it has a name that makes me smile every time I say it:
    The Hindavi word humsafar means "companion" (on a journey). In the last 20+ years I've sung it more often than I could count in the line "ना तो humsafar की तलाश है" - "I'm not looking for a humsafar".

    It turns out, I was wrong. 😂
    @bookstodon

  19. I'm only 8% into #Reading it, but already the book in the attached photo is on track to be only my second 5-star read at #TheStoryGraph for 2026. It's proving to be so much MORE than a I expected - not just a #poetry anthology, but a defence of #Urdu a primer on the language and its poetic culture. AND it has a name that makes me smile every time I say it:
    The Hindavi word humsafar means "companion" (on a journey). In the last 20+ years I've sung it more often than I could count in the line "ना तो humsafar की तलाश है" - "I'm not looking for a humsafar".

    It turns out, I was wrong. 😂
    #bookstodon @bookstodon

  20. If somebody knows someone ...

    who is interested in #devOps and speaks #Japanese, #Hindi, #Korean, #Arabic or #Urdu

    and is willing to #translate: we just added these languages to make #WoodpeckerCI more user friendly for non-native English speakers :)

    And if your language is missing, just tell us, as long as you are willing to translate ...

    translate.woodpecker-ci.org/en

  21. If somebody knows someone ...

    who is interested in #devOps and speaks #Japanese, #Hindi, #Korean, #Arabic or #Urdu

    and is willing to #translate: we just added these languages to make #WoodpeckerCI more user friendly for non-native English speakers :)

    And if your language is missing, just tell us, as long as you are willing to translate ...

    translate.woodpecker-ci.org/en

  22. If somebody knows someone ...

    who is interested in #devOps and speaks #Japanese, #Hindi, #Korean, #Arabic or #Urdu

    and is willing to #translate: we just added these languages to make #WoodpeckerCI more user friendly for non-native English speakers :)

    And if your language is missing, just tell us, as long as you are willing to translate ...

    translate.woodpecker-ci.org/en

  23. If somebody knows someone ...

    who is interested in #devOps and speaks #Japanese, #Hindi, #Korean, #Arabic or #Urdu

    and is willing to #translate: we just added these languages to make #WoodpeckerCI more user friendly for non-native English speakers :)

    And if your language is missing, just tell us, as long as you are willing to translate ...

    translate.woodpecker-ci.org/en

  24. If somebody knows someone ...

    who is interested in #devOps and speaks #Japanese, #Hindi, #Korean, #Arabic or #Urdu

    and is willing to #translate: we just added these languages to make #WoodpeckerCI more user friendly for non-native English speakers :)

    And if your language is missing, just tell us, as long as you are willing to translate ...

    translate.woodpecker-ci.org/en

  25. Continuing my cunning plan to lure people into watching Main Vaapas Aaunga by sharing its fun songs
    (spoiler:: 2 million people being killed in 3 months was not fun)
    #film #Hindi #Urdu #Panjabi #Partition

    youtube.com/watch?v=DgKHBJWYpFs

  26. Continuing my cunning plan to lure people into watching Main Vaapas Aaunga by sharing its fun songs
    (spoiler:: 2 million people being killed in 3 months was not fun)
    #film #Hindi #Urdu #Panjabi #Partition

    youtube.com/watch?v=DgKHBJWYpFs

  27. Continuing my cunning plan to lure people into watching Main Vaapas Aaunga by sharing its fun songs
    (spoiler:: 2 million people being killed in 3 months was not fun)
    #film #Hindi #Urdu #Panjabi #Partition

    youtube.com/watch?v=DgKHBJWYpFs

  28. Continuing my cunning plan to lure people into watching Main Vaapas Aaunga by sharing its fun songs
    (spoiler:: 2 million people being killed in 3 months was not fun)

    youtube.com/watch?v=DgKHBJWYpFs

  29. Continuing my cunning plan to lure people into watching Main Vaapas Aaunga by sharing its fun songs
    (spoiler:: 2 million people being killed in 3 months was not fun)
    #film #Hindi #Urdu #Panjabi #Partition

    youtube.com/watch?v=DgKHBJWYpFs

  30. Beauty is poetry. Poetry is beauty. Zafar Gorakhpuri. #urdu

  31. امن پانے کے لئے منفی جذباتوں پر چھڑی چلانا ناگزیر ہے ؟
    نفرت 🔪
    عداوت 🔪
    غصہ 🔪
    تشدد 🔪
    تعصب 🔪
    عدم رواداری 🔪
    فرقہ بندی 🔪
    عمل سے خالی فخر 🔪
    غیر خدا کا خوف 🔪
    بے صبری 🔪
    اداسی 🔪

    youtu.be/8TXkBzsxiCI

  32. (Bang-e-Dra-121) Jawab-e-Shikwa (The Answer To The Complaint) جوابِ شکوَہ

    دل سے جو بات نکلتی ہے اثر رکھتی ہے
    پَر نہیں، طاقتِ پرواز مگر رکھتی ہے

    کی محمّدؐ سے وفا تُو نے تو ہم تیرے ہیں
    یہ جہاں چیز ہے کیا، لوح و قلم تیرے ہیں

    youtu.be/YHwuyhB4Duo?si=ogBTVp

    #AllamaIqbal #Iqbaliyat #JawabeShikwa #Poetry #Urdu #Islam #Muslims

  33. (Bang-e-Dra-121) Jawab-e-Shikwa (The Answer To The Complaint) جوابِ شکوَہ

    دل سے جو بات نکلتی ہے اثر رکھتی ہے
    پَر نہیں، طاقتِ پرواز مگر رکھتی ہے

    کی محمّدؐ سے وفا تُو نے تو ہم تیرے ہیں
    یہ جہاں چیز ہے کیا، لوح و قلم تیرے ہیں

    youtu.be/YHwuyhB4Duo?si=ogBTVp

    #AllamaIqbal #Iqbaliyat #JawabeShikwa #Poetry #Urdu #Islam #Muslims

  34. I'm starting Desī poetry!

    If you've ever been intrigued by poetry from the Indian subcontinent (hence "desi"), I will be doing English translations of beautifully written songs.

    You can enjoy them for the music (which is FANTASTIC), but these are also some of the most beautiful words put together. A lot of these songs are iconic, and some are gems that I've found. You could also just come for the culture :)

    #poetry #urdu #urdupoetry #bollywood #music #desi #culture

    nimitnshah.com/what-is-desi-po

  35. I'm starting Desī poetry!

    If you've ever been intrigued by poetry from the Indian subcontinent (hence "desi"), I will be doing English translations of beautifully written songs.

    You can enjoy them for the music (which is FANTASTIC), but these are also some of the most beautiful words put together. A lot of these songs are iconic, and some are gems that I've found. You could also just come for the culture :)

    #poetry #urdu #urdupoetry #bollywood #music #desi #culture

    nimitnshah.com/what-is-desi-po

  36. (Bal-e-Jibril-025)

    اپنے من میں ڈوب کر پا جا سراغِ زندگی
    تُو اگر میرا نہیں بنتا نہ بن، اپنا تو بن

    ~ Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

    #AllamaIqbal #Urdu #Iqbaliyat #Poetry #Heart #Ishq #Life #AakhriPaigham #Iqbal

  37. (Bal-e-Jibril-025)

    اپنے من میں ڈوب کر پا جا سراغِ زندگی
    تُو اگر میرا نہیں بنتا نہ بن، اپنا تو بن

    ~ Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

    #AllamaIqbal #Urdu #Iqbaliyat #Poetry #Heart #Ishq #Life #AakhriPaigham #Iqbal

  38. (Bal-e-Jibril-006) Kya Ishq Aik Zindagi-e-Musta‘ar Ka (What avails love when life is so ephemeral) کیا عشق ایک زندگیِ مستعار کا

    ~ Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

    #Iqbaliyat #Poetry #Urdu #Ishq #Love #Ishq-e-Haqeeqi #AllamaIqbal #AkhriPaigham

  39. (Bal-e-Jibril-006) Kya Ishq Aik Zindagi-e-Musta‘ar Ka (What avails love when life is so ephemeral) کیا عشق ایک زندگیِ مستعار کا

    ~ Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal

    #Iqbaliyat #Poetry #Urdu #Ishq #Love #Ishq-e-Haqeeqi #AllamaIqbal #AkhriPaigham

  40. (Bal-e-Jibril-058) Sitaron Se Agay Jahan Aur Bhi Hain (Other worlds exist beyond the stars)

    ~ Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal (R.A.)

    #BaleJibreel #Iqbaliyat #AllamaIqbal #Urdu #Poetry #SitaroSeAgay #BaleJibril #AakhriPaigham #Ghazal

  41. (Bal-e-Jibril-058) Sitaron Se Agay Jahan Aur Bhi Hain (Other worlds exist beyond the stars)

    ~ Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal (R.A.)

    #BaleJibreel #Iqbaliyat #AllamaIqbal #Urdu #Poetry #SitaroSeAgay #BaleJibril #AakhriPaigham #Ghazal

  42. 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝘆, 𝗶𝗹𝗹𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀

    The word "khaki" is a loan from Urdu خاکی‎ xākī, a loan from Persian, from خاک xâk "earth", from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂s [ħaχs], something like this (listen):

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    English "ash" (the grey-coloured burnt substance) also descends from *h₂eh₂s:

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    In most Indo-European languages, *h₂ usually developed into [a], but in Iranian it's sometimes [x]. If you want a more detailed but much more technical explanation of the Proto-Indo-European "laryngeals" and how they were possibly or probably pronounced, try this: ancientsounds.net/laryngeals.h

    (The image used below is from an Iranian wood industry supplier's site, venonwood.biz, which currently seems to be still working in spite of the general internet blackout in Iran right now.)

    @linguistics #linguistics #etymology #englishlanguage #acousticphonetics #phonetics #ProtoIndoEuropean #Iranian #Persian #Urdu

  43. 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝘆, 𝗶𝗹𝗹𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀

    The word "khaki" is a loan from Urdu خاکی‎ xākī, a loan from Persian, from خاک xâk "earth", from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂s [ħaχs], something like this (listen):

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    English "ash" (the grey-coloured burnt substance) also descends from *h₂eh₂s:

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    In most Indo-European languages, *h₂ usually developed into [a], but in Iranian it's sometimes [x]. If you want a more detailed but much more technical explanation of the Proto-Indo-European "laryngeals" and how they were possibly or probably pronounced, try this: ancientsounds.net/laryngeals.h

    (The image used below is from an Iranian wood industry supplier's site, venonwood.biz, which currently seems to be still working in spite of the general internet blackout in Iran right now.)

    @linguistics #linguistics #etymology #englishlanguage #acousticphonetics #phonetics #ProtoIndoEuropean #Iranian #Persian #Urdu

  44. 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝘆, 𝗶𝗹𝗹𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀

    The word "khaki" is a loan from Urdu خاکی‎ xākī, a loan from Persian, from خاک xâk "earth", from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂s [ħaχs], something like this (listen):

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    English "ash" (the grey-coloured burnt substance) also descends from *h₂eh₂s:

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    In most Indo-European languages, *h₂ usually developed into [a], but in Iranian it's sometimes [x]. If you want a more detailed but much more technical explanation of the Proto-Indo-European "laryngeals" and how they were possibly or probably pronounced, try this: ancientsounds.net/laryngeals.h

    (The image used below is from an Iranian wood industry supplier's site, venonwood.biz, which currently seems to be still working in spite of the general internet blackout in Iran right now.)

    @linguistics #linguistics #etymology #englishlanguage #acousticphonetics #phonetics #ProtoIndoEuropean #Iranian #Persian #Urdu

  45. 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝘆, 𝗶𝗹𝗹𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀

    The word "khaki" is a loan from Urdu خاکی‎ xākī, a loan from Persian, from خاک xâk "earth", from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂s [ħaχs], something like this (listen):

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    English "ash" (the grey-coloured burnt substance) also descends from *h₂eh₂s:

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    In most Indo-European languages, *h₂ usually developed into [a], but in Iranian it's sometimes [x]. If you want a more detailed but much more technical explanation of the Proto-Indo-European "laryngeals" and how they were possibly or probably pronounced, try this: ancientsounds.net/laryngeals.h

    (The image used below is from an Iranian wood industry supplier's site, venonwood.biz, which currently seems to be still working in spite of the general internet blackout in Iran right now.)

    @linguistics #linguistics #etymology #englishlanguage #acousticphonetics #phonetics #ProtoIndoEuropean #Iranian #Persian #Urdu

  46. 𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗼 𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝘆, 𝗶𝗹𝗹𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀

    The word "khaki" is a loan from Urdu خاکی‎ xākī, a loan from Persian, from خاک xâk "earth", from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂s [ħaχs], something like this (listen):

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    English "ash" (the grey-coloured burnt substance) also descends from *h₂eh₂s:

    🔊 ancientsounds.net/eastern-orig

    In most Indo-European languages, *h₂ usually developed into [a], but in Iranian it's sometimes [x]. If you want a more detailed but much more technical explanation of the Proto-Indo-European "laryngeals" and how they were possibly or probably pronounced, try this: ancientsounds.net/laryngeals.h

    (The image used below is from an Iranian wood industry supplier's site, venonwood.biz, which currently seems to be still working in spite of the general internet blackout in Iran right now.)

    @linguistics #linguistics #etymology #englishlanguage #acousticphonetics #phonetics #ProtoIndoEuropean #Iranian #Persian #Urdu