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  1. First #detection of #influenza A virus subtypes #H1N1 and #H3N8 in the #Antarctic region: King George Island, 2023

    Source: Vopr Virusol., AbstractRelevance. Influenza A virus is characterized by a segmented single-stranded RNA genome. Such organization of the virus genome determines the possibility of reassortment, which can lead to the emergence of new virus variants. The main natural reservoir of most influenza A virus subtypes are wild waterfowl. Seasonal migrations…

    etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/10/

  2. First #detection of #influenza A virus subtypes #H1N1 and #H3N8 in the #Antarctic region: King George Island, 2023

    Source: Vopr Virusol., AbstractRelevance. Influenza A virus is characterized by a segmented single-stranded RNA genome. Such organization of the virus genome determines the possibility of reassortment, which can lead to the emergence of new virus variants. The main natural reservoir of most influenza A virus subtypes are wild waterfowl. Seasonal migrations…

    etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/10/

  3. An emerging #PB2-627 #polymorphism increases #pandemic #potential of avian #influenza virus by breaking through ANP32 host restriction in #mammalian & avian hosts, BioRxIV: biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

    by screening the global PB2 seq., we discovered a new independent cluster with PB2-627V emerged in the '10s, which is prevalent in various avian, mammalian, & human isolates of AIVs, including #H9N2, #H7N9, #H3N8, 2.3.4.4b #H5N1, and other subtypes.

  4. An emerging #PB2-627 #polymorphism increases #pandemic #potential of avian #influenza virus by breaking through ANP32 host restriction in #mammalian & avian hosts, BioRxIV: biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

    by screening the global PB2 seq., we discovered a new independent cluster with PB2-627V emerged in the '10s, which is prevalent in various avian, mammalian, & human isolates of AIVs, including #H9N2, #H7N9, #H3N8, 2.3.4.4b #H5N1, and other subtypes.

  5. Use of #equine #H3N8 #HA as a broadly protective #influenza #vaccine #immunogen, BioRxIV: biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

    Vaccinated ferrets exhibited similar broadly reactive serum #antibody responses that protected vaccinees from clinical signs of infection & viral-induced histopathology after challenge with H1N1pdm09 virus. These data suggest that vaccination with equine H3N8 vaccine induces broad protection vs flu without need for non-influenza viral vectors, ...

  6. Use of #equine #H3N8 #HA as a broadly protective #influenza #vaccine #immunogen, BioRxIV: biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

    Vaccinated ferrets exhibited similar broadly reactive serum #antibody responses that protected vaccinees from clinical signs of infection & viral-induced histopathology after challenge with H1N1pdm09 virus. These data suggest that vaccination with equine H3N8 vaccine induces broad protection vs flu without need for non-influenza viral vectors, ...

  7. #Adaptation potential of #H3N8 canine #influenza virus in #human respiratory #cells, Sci Rep.: nature.com/articles/s41598-024

    We found that CIV acquired high growth properties in these cells mainly through #mutations in surface #glycoproteins, such as hemagglutinin (#HA) and neuraminidase (#NA). Our reverse genetics approach revealed that HA2-K82E, HA2-R163K, and NA-S18L mutations were responsible for the increased growth of CIV in human cells.

  8. #Adaptation potential of #H3N8 canine #influenza virus in #human respiratory #cells, Sci Rep.: nature.com/articles/s41598-024

    We found that CIV acquired high growth properties in these cells mainly through #mutations in surface #glycoproteins, such as hemagglutinin (#HA) and neuraminidase (#NA). Our reverse genetics approach revealed that HA2-K82E, HA2-R163K, and NA-S18L mutations were responsible for the increased growth of CIV in human cells.

  9. An emerging #PB2-627 #polymorphism increases the #pandemic #potential of avian #influenza virus by breaking through ANP32 #host #restriction in #mammalian and avian hosts, BioRxIV: biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

    ...we discovered a new independent #cluster with PB2-627V emerged in the 2010s, which is prevalent in various avian, mammalian, and human isolates of AIVs, including #H9N2, #H7N9, #H3N8, 2.3.4.4b #H5N1, and other subtypes.

  10. An emerging #PB2-627 #polymorphism increases the #pandemic #potential of avian #influenza virus by breaking through ANP32 #host #restriction in #mammalian and avian hosts, BioRxIV: biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

    ...we discovered a new independent #cluster with PB2-627V emerged in the 2010s, which is prevalent in various avian, mammalian, and human isolates of AIVs, including #H9N2, #H7N9, #H3N8, 2.3.4.4b #H5N1, and other subtypes.

  11. #Zoonotic #infections by avian #influenza virus: changing global #epidemiology, #investigation, and #control, Lancet Infect Dis.: thelancet.com/journals/laninf/

    Avian influenza virus continues to pose zoonotic, #epizootic, and #pandemic #threats worldwide, as exemplified by the 2020–23 epizootics of re-emerging #H5 #genotype avian influenza viruses among #birds and #mammals and the fatal jump to humans of emerging A(#H3N8) in early 2023.

  12. #Zoonotic #infections by avian #influenza virus: changing global #epidemiology, #investigation, and #control, Lancet Infect Dis.: thelancet.com/journals/laninf/

    Avian influenza virus continues to pose zoonotic, #epizootic, and #pandemic #threats worldwide, as exemplified by the 2020–23 epizootics of re-emerging #H5 #genotype avian influenza viruses among #birds and #mammals and the fatal jump to humans of emerging A(#H3N8) in early 2023.

  13. Large-Scale #Serological #Survey of #Influenza A Virus in South #Korean Wild #Boar (Sus scrofa) pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/388426

    Detected subtypes included 23 cases of pandemic 2009 #H1N1, six of human seasonal #H3N2, three of classical swine H1N1, 13 of triple-reassortant swine #H1N2, seven of triple-reassortant swine H3N2, and seven of swine-origin H3N2 variant. Notably, none of the serum samples tested positive for avian IAV subtypes #H3N8, #H5N3, #H7N7, and #H9N2 or canine IAV subtype H3N2.

  14. Large-Scale #Serological #Survey of #Influenza A Virus in South #Korean Wild #Boar (Sus scrofa) pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/388426

    Detected subtypes included 23 cases of pandemic 2009 #H1N1, six of human seasonal #H3N2, three of classical swine H1N1, 13 of triple-reassortant swine #H1N2, seven of triple-reassortant swine H3N2, and seven of swine-origin H3N2 variant. Notably, none of the serum samples tested positive for avian IAV subtypes #H3N8, #H5N3, #H7N7, and #H9N2 or canine IAV subtype H3N2.

  15. Avian #Influenza Virus and Avian #Paramyxoviruses in Wild #Waterfowl of the Western Coast of the #Caspian Sea (2017–2020), Viruses: mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/4/598

    The following subtypes were determined and whole-genome nucleotide sequences of the isolated strains were obtained: #H1N1 (n = 2), #H3N8 (n = 8), #H4N6 (n = 2), #H7N3 (n = 2), #H8N4 (n = 1), #H10N5 (n = 1), and #H12N5 (n = 1). No high pathogenicity influenza virus H5 subtype was detected.

  16. Avian #Influenza Virus and Avian #Paramyxoviruses in Wild #Waterfowl of the Western Coast of the #Caspian Sea (2017–2020), Viruses: mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/4/598

    The following subtypes were determined and whole-genome nucleotide sequences of the isolated strains were obtained: #H1N1 (n = 2), #H3N8 (n = 8), #H4N6 (n = 2), #H7N3 (n = 2), #H8N4 (n = 1), #H10N5 (n = 1), and #H12N5 (n = 1). No high pathogenicity influenza virus H5 subtype was detected.

  17. #Molecular Characterization of Non- #H5 and Non- #H7 Avian #Influenza Viruses from Non-Mallard #Migratory #Waterbirds of the North #American #Flyways, 2006–2011, Pathogens: mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/4/333

    The most common H and N combinations were #H3N8 (23.0%), #H4N6 (18.4%), and #H4N8 (18.4%). The HA gene between non-mallard and mallard MW isolates during the same time period shared 85.5–99.5% H3 identity and 89.3–99.7% H4 identity.

  18. #Molecular Characterization of Non- #H5 and Non- #H7 Avian #Influenza Viruses from Non-Mallard #Migratory #Waterbirds of the North #American #Flyways, 2006–2011, Pathogens: mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/4/333

    The most common H and N combinations were #H3N8 (23.0%), #H4N6 (18.4%), and #H4N8 (18.4%). The HA gene between non-mallard and mallard MW isolates during the same time period shared 85.5–99.5% H3 identity and 89.3–99.7% H4 identity.

  19. High-pathogenicity avian influenza in wildlife:
    a changing disease dynamic that is expanding
    in wild birds and having an increasing impact
    on a growing number of mammals

    #H1N1 #H3N8 #avian_influenza #IAV

    avmajournals.avma.org/view/jou

  20. High-pathogenicity avian influenza in wildlife:
    a changing disease dynamic that is expanding
    in wild birds and having an increasing impact
    on a growing number of mammals

    #H1N1 #H3N8 #avian_influenza #IAV

    avmajournals.avma.org/view/jou

  21. #Surveillance and #Genetic Analysis of LP Avian #Influenza Viruses Isolated from #Feces of Wild #Birds in #Mongolia, 2021 to 2023, Animals (Basel), mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/7/1105

    Prevalence of AIVs in wildbirds was 1.01%, with a total of 77 AIVs isolated during these 3 years. These 77 AIVs included HA subtypes H1, H2, H3, H4, H6, H10 and H13 and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes N1, N2, N3, N6, N7 and N8. The most frequently detected subtype combinations were #H3N8 (39.0%) and #H4N6 (19.5%)...

  22. #Surveillance and #Genetic Analysis of LP Avian #Influenza Viruses Isolated from #Feces of Wild #Birds in #Mongolia, 2021 to 2023, Animals (Basel), mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/7/1105

    Prevalence of AIVs in wildbirds was 1.01%, with a total of 77 AIVs isolated during these 3 years. These 77 AIVs included HA subtypes H1, H2, H3, H4, H6, H10 and H13 and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes N1, N2, N3, N6, N7 and N8. The most frequently detected subtype combinations were #H3N8 (39.0%) and #H4N6 (19.5%)...

  23. Avian #Influenza Virus and Avian #Paramyxoviruses in Wild #Waterfowl of the Western Coast of the #Caspian Sea (2017–2020), Viruses: mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/4/598

    The following subtypes were determined and whole-genome nucleotide sequences of the isolated strains were obtained: #H1N1 (n = 2), #H3N8 (n = 8), #H4N6 (n = 2), #H7N3 (n = 2), #H8N4 (n = 1), #H10N5 (n = 1), and #H12N5 (n = 1). No high pathogenicity influenza virus H5 subtype was detected.

  24. Avian #Influenza Virus and Avian #Paramyxoviruses in Wild #Waterfowl of the Western Coast of the #Caspian Sea (2017–2020), Viruses: mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/4/598

    The following subtypes were determined and whole-genome nucleotide sequences of the isolated strains were obtained: #H1N1 (n = 2), #H3N8 (n = 8), #H4N6 (n = 2), #H7N3 (n = 2), #H8N4 (n = 1), #H10N5 (n = 1), and #H12N5 (n = 1). No high pathogenicity influenza virus H5 subtype was detected.

  25. #Genetic and #virological characteristics of a #reassortant avian #influenza A #H6N1 virus isolated from wild #birds at a live-bird #market in #Egypt, Arch Virol.: link.springer.com/article/10.1

    Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egyptian H6N1 strain A/Garganey/Egypt/20869C/2022(H6N1) has a unique genomic #constellation, with gene #segments inherited from different subtypes (#H5N1, #H3N8, #H7N3, H6N1, and #H10N1) that have been detected previously in AIVs from Egypt and some Eurasian countries.

  26. #Genetic and #virological characteristics of a #reassortant avian #influenza A #H6N1 virus isolated from wild #birds at a live-bird #market in #Egypt, Arch Virol.: link.springer.com/article/10.1

    Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Egyptian H6N1 strain A/Garganey/Egypt/20869C/2022(H6N1) has a unique genomic #constellation, with gene #segments inherited from different subtypes (#H5N1, #H3N8, #H7N3, H6N1, and #H10N1) that have been detected previously in AIVs from Egypt and some Eurasian countries.

  27. ''• #Human-derived #H3N8 viruses replicated efficiently in #human respiratory epithelial cells
    ''• Human-derived H3N8 viruses caused severe #pathology in mice and #ferrets
    ''One human H3N8 isolate acquired efficient respiratory #droplet #transmission in ferrets
    ''•The #PB2-E627K mutation is critical for H3N8 virus airborne transmission in ferrets.''

  28. ''Our experimental studies showed that these #H3N8 viruses were transmissible in #ferrets, and #serological data suggest that the #human population lacks effective immunological protection against it. With its wide geographical distribution and continuing evolution in chickens, other spillovers to humans can be expected and might lead to more efficient transmission in humans.''

  29. ''Our experimental studies showed that these #H3N8 viruses were transmissible in #ferrets, and #serological data suggest that the #human population lacks effective immunological protection against it. With its wide geographical distribution and continuing evolution in chickens, other spillovers to humans can be expected and might lead to more efficient transmission in humans.''

  30. ''Phylogenetic analyses showed that it was a sextuple‐#reassortant virus of #H11N9, #H3N8, #H3N6, #H7N9, #H9N2, and #H6N8 viruses present in #China, similar to the H11N9 strains in #Japan and #Korea during the same period. ''

  31. ''E627K and E627V in #PB2 genes were exclusively detected in #human #H3N8 viruses, suggesting #adaptation of these viruses to #mammals.''