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1000 results for “c_alpha”

  1. IT News @[email protected] ·

    Google Antitrust Fight Thrusts Low-Key C.E.O. Into the Line of Fire - Sundar Pichai, chief executive of Google’s parent company for less than a year, already faces the ... - nytimes.com/2020/10/21/technol #mergersacquisitionsanddivestitures #antitrustlawsandcompetitionissues #wilsonsonsinigoodrich&rosati #suitsandlitigation(civil) #computersandtheinternet #justicedepartment #searchengines #pichaisundar #schmidterice #alphabetinc

    #alphabetinc #schmidterice #pichaisundar #searchengines #justicedepartment #computersandtheinternet
  2. AkHeNAkH @[email protected] ·

    Finally some content for Cuelang #cuelang alpha.cuelang.org/docs/

    #cuelang
  3. R. L. Dane :debian: :openbsd: @[email protected] ·

    Next #Gemini project: make a gemini version of the #KingJamesBible (already been done), but then make a version filtered through my kjvfilter (codeberg.org/rldane/scripts/sr) sed script to update some of the language. It's a VERY alpha-quality script and is not super-well vetted, but that's half the fun.

    I'll call it #kjv

    @amin, an awesome project for you whenever you might get bored with clew would be a project gutenberg interface for gemini. That would ROCK.

    #gemini #kingjamesbible #kjv
  4. R. L. Dane :debian: :openbsd: @RL_Dane ·

    Next project: make a gemini version of the (already been done), but then make a version filtered through my kjvfilter (codeberg.org/rldane/scripts/sr) sed script to update some of the language. It's a VERY alpha-quality script and is not super-well vetted, but that's half the fun.

    I'll call it

    @amin, an awesome project for you whenever you might get bored with clew would be a project gutenberg interface for gemini. That would ROCK.

    #gemini #kingjamesbible #kjv
  5. R. L. Dane :debian: :openbsd: @[email protected] ·

    Next #Gemini project: make a gemini version of the #KingJamesBible (already been done), but then make a version filtered through my kjvfilter (codeberg.org/rldane/scripts/sr) sed script to update some of the language. It's a VERY alpha-quality script and is not super-well vetted, but that's half the fun.

    I'll call it #kjv

    @amin, an awesome project for you whenever you might get bored with clew would be a project gutenberg interface for gemini. That would ROCK.

    #gemini #kingjamesbible #kjv
  6. R. L. Dane :debian: :openbsd: @[email protected] ·

    Next #Gemini project: make a gemini version of the #KingJamesBible (already been done), but then make a version filtered through my kjvfilter (codeberg.org/rldane/scripts/sr) sed script to update some of the language. It's a VERY alpha-quality script and is not super-well vetted, but that's half the fun.

    I'll call it #kjv

    @amin, an awesome project for you whenever you might get bored with clew would be a project gutenberg interface for gemini. That would ROCK.

    #kjv #kingjamesbible #gemini
  7. R. L. Dane :debian: :openbsd: @[email protected] ·

    Next #Gemini project: make a gemini version of the #KingJamesBible (already been done), but then make a version filtered through my kjvfilter (codeberg.org/rldane/scripts/sr) sed script to update some of the language. It's a VERY alpha-quality script and is not super-well vetted, but that's half the fun.

    I'll call it #kjv

    @amin, an awesome project for you whenever you might get bored with clew would be a project gutenberg interface for gemini. That would ROCK.

    #gemini #kingjamesbible #kjv
  8. C. @[email protected] ·

    So, to start looping back to #Canadian #politics - it's a bit of a journey...

    All of the semi-serious or serious #national #federal #political parties - #Conservative, #Green, #Liberal, New Democrat in alphabetical order - fall in the upper-right quadrant of the chart. They're not even particularly close to the center; the closest to the center would be the Conservatives, but they're only a tiny bit closer than the Liberals, a bit more than the others.

    8/x

    #Canada #NewDemocrats #NDP #party

    #canadian #politics #national #federal #political #conservative
  9. Aptivi @[email protected] ·

    Try out the .NET 10.0 Alpha SDK!

    .NET 9.0 was released on November 12th, 2024, to provide your applications with brand new features, such as ref struct in interfaces, performance improvements, and bug fixes related to several of the .NET components.

    Not so long after, .NET 10.0 alpha builds were spotted in the main installer GitHub repository, which is public. The table shows the platform table with two releases: .NET 9.0 and the upcoming .NET 10.0, which is going to be another LTS release.

    The upcoming version of .NET will provide you with several of nice features, as well as performance improvements and bug fixes. This .NET version is to be released on November 2025 to accommodate with the release schedule, as well as its first preview to be scheduled for February 2025.

    If you have Visual Studio 17.13 or later (may change across preview releases), you can now try out the Alpha builds of .NET 10.0, which you can find in the above link. Here are the links to .NET 10.0:

    Please note that this software is in its alpha state and may contain features that may not make it to the final release. Use with care.

    Enjoy!

    #Net #Net10 #Net100 #NETConsoleProject #NetCore #NetFramework #NetStandard #azure #C_ #dotnet #runtime #sdk #softwareDevelopment

    #net #net10 #net100 #netconsoleproject #netcore #netframework
  10. Aptivi @[email protected] ·

    Try out the .NET 10.0 Alpha SDK!

    .NET 9.0 was released on November 12th, 2024, to provide your applications with brand new features, such as ref struct in interfaces, performance improvements, and bug fixes related to several of the .NET components.

    Not so long after, .NET 10.0 alpha builds were spotted in the main installer GitHub repository, which is public. The table shows the platform table with two releases: .NET 9.0 and the upcoming .NET 10.0, which is going to be another LTS release.

    The upcoming version of .NET will provide you with several of nice features, as well as performance improvements and bug fixes. This .NET version is to be released on November 2025 to accommodate with the release schedule, as well as its first preview to be scheduled for February 2025.

    If you have Visual Studio 17.13 or later (may change across preview releases), you can now try out the Alpha builds of .NET 10.0, which you can find in the above link. Here are the links to .NET 10.0:

    Please note that this software is in its alpha state and may contain features that may not make it to the final release. Use with care.

    Enjoy!

    #Net #Net10 #Net100 #NETConsoleProject #NetCore #NetFramework #NetStandard #azure #C_ #dotnet #runtime #sdk #softwareDevelopment

    #net #net10 #net100 #netconsoleproject #netcore #netframework
  11. Marcel Aiphan @[email protected] ·

    En France on donne rendez-vous aux migrants pour réexaminer leur dossier de régularisation et on les fout en GAV quand ils y vont.
    C’est ça, la politique de Macron le rempart contre le FN.
    Plus jamais castor...
    #NiMacronNiLePenEn2022 #Madama
    francebleu.fr/infos/faits-dive

    #madama #nimacronnilepenen2022
  12. hrbrmstr's Daily Drop @[email protected] ·

    Drop #646 (2025-04-30): Web-Slinging Wednesday

    CSS text-box-trim; 12-Bits; CSS Shapes

    We’ll use the midweek Drop as a literal palette cleanser as we cover some clever CSS capabilities.

    Type your email…

    Subscribe

    TL;DR

    (This is an LLM/GPT-generated summary of today’s Drop using Ollama + Qwen 3 and a custom prompt.)

    I did switch over to Qwen 3 and, so far: so good!

    CSS text-box-trim

    CSS text-box-trim is a new property designed to give us precise control over the vertical space above and below text within its container, addressing a long-standing challenge in web typography and layout. Historically, the space around text — especially the extra space above and below — has been dictated by the font’s metrics and the web’s handling of “half-leading,” which splits the line spacing (leading) equally above and below the text. This often results in inconsistent and unpredictable spacing, making it difficult to achieve optical balance and true alignment, especially when working with different fonts or aiming for perfectly centered text in buttons, badges, or headings.

    The property allows you to trim the “over” (top) and “under” (bottom) edges of a text box, effectively removing the extra vertical space that comes from the font’s internal metrics. This is particularly useful for components where you want equal padding or precise alignment with other elements, such as icons or images.

    The syntax is straightforward:

    • text-box-trim: trim-both; trims both the top and bottom.
    • text-box-trim: trim-start; trims just the top.
    • text-box-trim: trim-end; trims just the bottom.
    • text-box-trim: none; (default) makes no adjustment.

    We can pair text-box-trim with text-box-edge to specify exactly where the trimming should align-such as the top of capital letters (cap), the x-height of lowercase letters (ex), or the baseline (alphabetic):

    h1 {  text-box: trim-both cap alphabetic;}

    This example trims the top to the cap height and the bottom to the alphabetic baseline, which is a common use case for visually balanced headings.

    Before this new properts we often had to use trial and error with padding values to make text look optically centered in buttons or aligned with adjacent images. For example, you might set padding-block: 5px and padding-inline: 10px to offset the unwanted space, but this solution is fragile and varies across fonts and platforms. With text-box-trim, you can confidently use equal padding (e.g., padding: 10px) and know the result will be visually balanced.

    Many demos and playgrounds like this one are now available to help us see and tweak these effects in real time. We can experiment with different fonts, trim values, and see how trimming only one side or both affects the layout.

    As of early 2025, text-box-trim is supported in Chrome 133+ and Safari 18.2+, with ongoing work for broader adoption.

    The linked post has some great examples, links, and more technical details.

    12-Bits

    Kate Morley designed the 12-bit rainbow palette with twelve carefully chosen colors for data visualization. This palette debuted in the National Grid: Live project, focusing on human color perception across luminance, chroma, and hue.

    As we’ve somewhat covered in more than a few Drops, standard RGB color systems treat red, green, and blue equally, but human vision processes these differently. Green appears brighter than red, while blue looks darker. This creates jarring brightness shifts in RGB-based rainbow palettes, causing problems in visualizations needing smooth transitions.

    Kate addressed this using the LCH (Luminance, Chroma, Hue) color space. LCH offers perceptual uniformity, where equal numerical changes in any component create visually equivalent changes regardless of starting color. When varying hue while keeping chroma and luminance constant, colors appear equally spaced to viewers.

    Simply fixing chroma and luminance while changing hue doesn’t produce an effective rainbow. Yellow looks muddy at low luminance, red becomes pink at high luminance, and blue appears washed out with increased luminance. The solution allows controlled luminance variation: yellow receives the highest luminance (since yellow only appears yellow when bright), with red and blue serving as anchors. Luminance for other hues creates smooth transitions across the spectrum.

    The “12-bit” name refers to color depth: each palette color uses just four hexadecimal digits (like #e94), equaling 12 bits of information. This constraint slightly limits available colors, but adjustments required for 12-bit compatibility remain visually imperceptible. The result features evenly spaced hues, minimal chroma variation, and smooth luminance variation, creating an effective and compact visualization tool.

    Here are some handy, pre-built data structures for the palette for R, JavaScript, and CSS, plus a full set of {ggplot2} palettes in {hrbrthemes}:

    c(  plum = "#817",  rose = "#a35",  coral = "#c66",  apricot = "#e94",  lemon = "#ed0",  lime = "#9d5",  mint = "#4d8",  teal = "#2cb",  sky = "#0bc",  azure = "#09c",  cobalt = "#36b",  violet = "#639") -> bit12
    const bit12 = ["#817","#a35","#c66","#e94","#ed0","#9d5","#4d8","#2cb","#0bc","#09c","#36b","#639"];
    :root {  --plum:   #817;  --rose:   #a35;  --coral:  #c66;  --apricot:#e94;  --lemon:  #ed0;  --lime:   #9d5;  --mint:   #4d8;  --teal:   #2cb;  --sky:    #0bc;  --azure:  #09c;  --cobalt: #36b;  --violet: #639;}

    CSS Shapes

    The CSS Shapes Module Level 1 and Level 2 specifications introduce modern and spiffy ways to control how content flows around and within elements using arbitrary shapes, moving beyond the traditional rectangular box model.

    Module Level 1 focuses on defining shapes for float areas.

    A float area is the region defined around a floated element that determines how surrounding inline content, such as text, wraps around it. By default, when you float an element using the float property (with values like left or right), the float area is the element’s margin box, meaning the content wraps around the outermost edge of the element, including its margins.

    It introduces properties like shape-outside, which allows a floated element to define a non-rectangular float area using basic shapes (such as circle(), ellipse(), polygon(), inset(), and path()) or by referencing images and box edges (like margin-box or border-box). These shapes determine how inline content wraps around floats. For example, you can float an image to the left and use shape-outside: circle(50%) to make text wrap around a circular area instead of the image’s rectangular bounds. The module also introduces shape-margin, which expands the float area outward from the defined shape, and shape-image-threshold, which sets the opacity cutoff for extracting shapes from images. Importantly, these shapes only reduce the float area-they cannot extend it beyond the float’s margin box, and the underlying box model, including stacking and positioning, remains unaffected. The module is strictly limited to floats and initial-letter boxes, although it anticipates future expansion to other elements and contexts.

    Module Level 2 builds on this foundation by extending shape application beyond floats to exclusions and, perhaps more importantly, by introducing the shape-inside property. With shape-inside, you can define a non-rectangular area inside a block-level element, causing the element’s content to flow within the specified shape, rather than filling the usual rectangle. This enables layouts such as text flowing inside a circle or along a custom path. Level 2 also introduces the shape-padding property, which adds padding inside the shape defined by shape-inside, analogous to how shape-margin works outside shapes. The new shape() function is a more flexible and CSS-native alternative to the SVG-inspired path(), allowing for dynamic, parametric, and responsive shapes using standard CSS syntax, units, and variables. Additionally, Level 2 allows referencing SVG shapes directly via url() and expands the image-based shape extraction mechanism. The properties from Level 1, like shape-outside, shape-margin, and shape-image-threshold, are updated to apply to exclusions and the new inside shapes as appropriate.

    It’s much easier to see/play how this all works (though it is important to read through the specs).

    MDN has a super nice resource for this, and the code for the section header can be found in their playground.

    You can also find tons of pre-built CSS shapes on sites like “The Ultimate CSS Shapes Collection”.

    FIN

    Remember, you can follow and interact with the full text of The Daily Drop’s free posts on:

    • 🐘 Mastodon via @[email protected]
    • 🦋 Bluesky via https://bsky.app/profile/dailydrop.hrbrmstr.dev.web.brid.gy

    ☮️

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #639 #817 #9d5 #a35 #c66 #ed0

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #9d5
  13. hrbrmstr's Daily Drop @[email protected] ·

    Drop #646 (2025-04-30): Web-Slinging Wednesday

    CSS text-box-trim; 12-Bits; CSS Shapes

    We’ll use the midweek Drop as a literal palette cleanser as we cover some clever CSS capabilities.

    Type your email…

    Subscribe

    TL;DR

    (This is an LLM/GPT-generated summary of today’s Drop using Ollama + Qwen 3 and a custom prompt.)

    I did switch over to Qwen 3 and, so far: so good!

    CSS text-box-trim

    CSS text-box-trim is a new property designed to give us precise control over the vertical space above and below text within its container, addressing a long-standing challenge in web typography and layout. Historically, the space around text — especially the extra space above and below — has been dictated by the font’s metrics and the web’s handling of “half-leading,” which splits the line spacing (leading) equally above and below the text. This often results in inconsistent and unpredictable spacing, making it difficult to achieve optical balance and true alignment, especially when working with different fonts or aiming for perfectly centered text in buttons, badges, or headings.

    The property allows you to trim the “over” (top) and “under” (bottom) edges of a text box, effectively removing the extra vertical space that comes from the font’s internal metrics. This is particularly useful for components where you want equal padding or precise alignment with other elements, such as icons or images.

    The syntax is straightforward:

    • text-box-trim: trim-both; trims both the top and bottom.
    • text-box-trim: trim-start; trims just the top.
    • text-box-trim: trim-end; trims just the bottom.
    • text-box-trim: none; (default) makes no adjustment.

    We can pair text-box-trim with text-box-edge to specify exactly where the trimming should align-such as the top of capital letters (cap), the x-height of lowercase letters (ex), or the baseline (alphabetic):

    h1 {  text-box: trim-both cap alphabetic;}

    This example trims the top to the cap height and the bottom to the alphabetic baseline, which is a common use case for visually balanced headings.

    Before this new properts we often had to use trial and error with padding values to make text look optically centered in buttons or aligned with adjacent images. For example, you might set padding-block: 5px and padding-inline: 10px to offset the unwanted space, but this solution is fragile and varies across fonts and platforms. With text-box-trim, you can confidently use equal padding (e.g., padding: 10px) and know the result will be visually balanced.

    Many demos and playgrounds like this one are now available to help us see and tweak these effects in real time. We can experiment with different fonts, trim values, and see how trimming only one side or both affects the layout.

    As of early 2025, text-box-trim is supported in Chrome 133+ and Safari 18.2+, with ongoing work for broader adoption.

    The linked post has some great examples, links, and more technical details.

    12-Bits

    Kate Morley designed the 12-bit rainbow palette with twelve carefully chosen colors for data visualization. This palette debuted in the National Grid: Live project, focusing on human color perception across luminance, chroma, and hue.

    As we’ve somewhat covered in more than a few Drops, standard RGB color systems treat red, green, and blue equally, but human vision processes these differently. Green appears brighter than red, while blue looks darker. This creates jarring brightness shifts in RGB-based rainbow palettes, causing problems in visualizations needing smooth transitions.

    Kate addressed this using the LCH (Luminance, Chroma, Hue) color space. LCH offers perceptual uniformity, where equal numerical changes in any component create visually equivalent changes regardless of starting color. When varying hue while keeping chroma and luminance constant, colors appear equally spaced to viewers.

    Simply fixing chroma and luminance while changing hue doesn’t produce an effective rainbow. Yellow looks muddy at low luminance, red becomes pink at high luminance, and blue appears washed out with increased luminance. The solution allows controlled luminance variation: yellow receives the highest luminance (since yellow only appears yellow when bright), with red and blue serving as anchors. Luminance for other hues creates smooth transitions across the spectrum.

    The “12-bit” name refers to color depth: each palette color uses just four hexadecimal digits (like #e94), equaling 12 bits of information. This constraint slightly limits available colors, but adjustments required for 12-bit compatibility remain visually imperceptible. The result features evenly spaced hues, minimal chroma variation, and smooth luminance variation, creating an effective and compact visualization tool.

    Here are some handy, pre-built data structures for the palette for R, JavaScript, and CSS, plus a full set of {ggplot2} palettes in {hrbrthemes}:

    c(  plum = "#817",  rose = "#a35",  coral = "#c66",  apricot = "#e94",  lemon = "#ed0",  lime = "#9d5",  mint = "#4d8",  teal = "#2cb",  sky = "#0bc",  azure = "#09c",  cobalt = "#36b",  violet = "#639") -> bit12
    const bit12 = ["#817","#a35","#c66","#e94","#ed0","#9d5","#4d8","#2cb","#0bc","#09c","#36b","#639"];
    :root {  --plum:   #817;  --rose:   #a35;  --coral:  #c66;  --apricot:#e94;  --lemon:  #ed0;  --lime:   #9d5;  --mint:   #4d8;  --teal:   #2cb;  --sky:    #0bc;  --azure:  #09c;  --cobalt: #36b;  --violet: #639;}

    CSS Shapes

    The CSS Shapes Module Level 1 and Level 2 specifications introduce modern and spiffy ways to control how content flows around and within elements using arbitrary shapes, moving beyond the traditional rectangular box model.

    Module Level 1 focuses on defining shapes for float areas.

    A float area is the region defined around a floated element that determines how surrounding inline content, such as text, wraps around it. By default, when you float an element using the float property (with values like left or right), the float area is the element’s margin box, meaning the content wraps around the outermost edge of the element, including its margins.

    It introduces properties like shape-outside, which allows a floated element to define a non-rectangular float area using basic shapes (such as circle(), ellipse(), polygon(), inset(), and path()) or by referencing images and box edges (like margin-box or border-box). These shapes determine how inline content wraps around floats. For example, you can float an image to the left and use shape-outside: circle(50%) to make text wrap around a circular area instead of the image’s rectangular bounds. The module also introduces shape-margin, which expands the float area outward from the defined shape, and shape-image-threshold, which sets the opacity cutoff for extracting shapes from images. Importantly, these shapes only reduce the float area-they cannot extend it beyond the float’s margin box, and the underlying box model, including stacking and positioning, remains unaffected. The module is strictly limited to floats and initial-letter boxes, although it anticipates future expansion to other elements and contexts.

    Module Level 2 builds on this foundation by extending shape application beyond floats to exclusions and, perhaps more importantly, by introducing the shape-inside property. With shape-inside, you can define a non-rectangular area inside a block-level element, causing the element’s content to flow within the specified shape, rather than filling the usual rectangle. This enables layouts such as text flowing inside a circle or along a custom path. Level 2 also introduces the shape-padding property, which adds padding inside the shape defined by shape-inside, analogous to how shape-margin works outside shapes. The new shape() function is a more flexible and CSS-native alternative to the SVG-inspired path(), allowing for dynamic, parametric, and responsive shapes using standard CSS syntax, units, and variables. Additionally, Level 2 allows referencing SVG shapes directly via url() and expands the image-based shape extraction mechanism. The properties from Level 1, like shape-outside, shape-margin, and shape-image-threshold, are updated to apply to exclusions and the new inside shapes as appropriate.

    It’s much easier to see/play how this all works (though it is important to read through the specs).

    MDN has a super nice resource for this, and the code for the section header can be found in their playground.

    You can also find tons of pre-built CSS shapes on sites like “The Ultimate CSS Shapes Collection”.

    FIN

    Remember, you can follow and interact with the full text of The Daily Drop’s free posts on:

    • 🐘 Mastodon via @[email protected]
    • 🦋 Bluesky via https://bsky.app/profile/dailydrop.hrbrmstr.dev.web.brid.gy

    ☮️

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #639 #817 #9d5 #a35 #c66 #ed0

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #9d5
  14. hrbrmstr's Daily Drop @[email protected] ·

    Drop #646 (2025-04-30): Web-Slinging Wednesday

    CSS text-box-trim; 12-Bits; CSS Shapes

    We’ll use the midweek Drop as a literal palette cleanser as we cover some clever CSS capabilities.

    Type your email…

    Subscribe

    TL;DR

    (This is an LLM/GPT-generated summary of today’s Drop using Ollama + Qwen 3 and a custom prompt.)

    I did switch over to Qwen 3 and, so far: so good!

    CSS text-box-trim

    CSS text-box-trim is a new property designed to give us precise control over the vertical space above and below text within its container, addressing a long-standing challenge in web typography and layout. Historically, the space around text — especially the extra space above and below — has been dictated by the font’s metrics and the web’s handling of “half-leading,” which splits the line spacing (leading) equally above and below the text. This often results in inconsistent and unpredictable spacing, making it difficult to achieve optical balance and true alignment, especially when working with different fonts or aiming for perfectly centered text in buttons, badges, or headings.

    The property allows you to trim the “over” (top) and “under” (bottom) edges of a text box, effectively removing the extra vertical space that comes from the font’s internal metrics. This is particularly useful for components where you want equal padding or precise alignment with other elements, such as icons or images.

    The syntax is straightforward:

    • text-box-trim: trim-both; trims both the top and bottom.
    • text-box-trim: trim-start; trims just the top.
    • text-box-trim: trim-end; trims just the bottom.
    • text-box-trim: none; (default) makes no adjustment.

    We can pair text-box-trim with text-box-edge to specify exactly where the trimming should align-such as the top of capital letters (cap), the x-height of lowercase letters (ex), or the baseline (alphabetic):

    h1 {  text-box: trim-both cap alphabetic;}

    This example trims the top to the cap height and the bottom to the alphabetic baseline, which is a common use case for visually balanced headings.

    Before this new properts we often had to use trial and error with padding values to make text look optically centered in buttons or aligned with adjacent images. For example, you might set padding-block: 5px and padding-inline: 10px to offset the unwanted space, but this solution is fragile and varies across fonts and platforms. With text-box-trim, you can confidently use equal padding (e.g., padding: 10px) and know the result will be visually balanced.

    Many demos and playgrounds like this one are now available to help us see and tweak these effects in real time. We can experiment with different fonts, trim values, and see how trimming only one side or both affects the layout.

    As of early 2025, text-box-trim is supported in Chrome 133+ and Safari 18.2+, with ongoing work for broader adoption.

    The linked post has some great examples, links, and more technical details.

    12-Bits

    Kate Morley designed the 12-bit rainbow palette with twelve carefully chosen colors for data visualization. This palette debuted in the National Grid: Live project, focusing on human color perception across luminance, chroma, and hue.

    As we’ve somewhat covered in more than a few Drops, standard RGB color systems treat red, green, and blue equally, but human vision processes these differently. Green appears brighter than red, while blue looks darker. This creates jarring brightness shifts in RGB-based rainbow palettes, causing problems in visualizations needing smooth transitions.

    Kate addressed this using the LCH (Luminance, Chroma, Hue) color space. LCH offers perceptual uniformity, where equal numerical changes in any component create visually equivalent changes regardless of starting color. When varying hue while keeping chroma and luminance constant, colors appear equally spaced to viewers.

    Simply fixing chroma and luminance while changing hue doesn’t produce an effective rainbow. Yellow looks muddy at low luminance, red becomes pink at high luminance, and blue appears washed out with increased luminance. The solution allows controlled luminance variation: yellow receives the highest luminance (since yellow only appears yellow when bright), with red and blue serving as anchors. Luminance for other hues creates smooth transitions across the spectrum.

    The “12-bit” name refers to color depth: each palette color uses just four hexadecimal digits (like #e94), equaling 12 bits of information. This constraint slightly limits available colors, but adjustments required for 12-bit compatibility remain visually imperceptible. The result features evenly spaced hues, minimal chroma variation, and smooth luminance variation, creating an effective and compact visualization tool.

    Here are some handy, pre-built data structures for the palette for R, JavaScript, and CSS, plus a full set of {ggplot2} palettes in {hrbrthemes}:

    c(  plum = "#817",  rose = "#a35",  coral = "#c66",  apricot = "#e94",  lemon = "#ed0",  lime = "#9d5",  mint = "#4d8",  teal = "#2cb",  sky = "#0bc",  azure = "#09c",  cobalt = "#36b",  violet = "#639") -> bit12
    const bit12 = ["#817","#a35","#c66","#e94","#ed0","#9d5","#4d8","#2cb","#0bc","#09c","#36b","#639"];
    :root {  --plum:   #817;  --rose:   #a35;  --coral:  #c66;  --apricot:#e94;  --lemon:  #ed0;  --lime:   #9d5;  --mint:   #4d8;  --teal:   #2cb;  --sky:    #0bc;  --azure:  #09c;  --cobalt: #36b;  --violet: #639;}

    CSS Shapes

    The CSS Shapes Module Level 1 and Level 2 specifications introduce modern and spiffy ways to control how content flows around and within elements using arbitrary shapes, moving beyond the traditional rectangular box model.

    Module Level 1 focuses on defining shapes for float areas.

    A float area is the region defined around a floated element that determines how surrounding inline content, such as text, wraps around it. By default, when you float an element using the float property (with values like left or right), the float area is the element’s margin box, meaning the content wraps around the outermost edge of the element, including its margins.

    It introduces properties like shape-outside, which allows a floated element to define a non-rectangular float area using basic shapes (such as circle(), ellipse(), polygon(), inset(), and path()) or by referencing images and box edges (like margin-box or border-box). These shapes determine how inline content wraps around floats. For example, you can float an image to the left and use shape-outside: circle(50%) to make text wrap around a circular area instead of the image’s rectangular bounds. The module also introduces shape-margin, which expands the float area outward from the defined shape, and shape-image-threshold, which sets the opacity cutoff for extracting shapes from images. Importantly, these shapes only reduce the float area-they cannot extend it beyond the float’s margin box, and the underlying box model, including stacking and positioning, remains unaffected. The module is strictly limited to floats and initial-letter boxes, although it anticipates future expansion to other elements and contexts.

    Module Level 2 builds on this foundation by extending shape application beyond floats to exclusions and, perhaps more importantly, by introducing the shape-inside property. With shape-inside, you can define a non-rectangular area inside a block-level element, causing the element’s content to flow within the specified shape, rather than filling the usual rectangle. This enables layouts such as text flowing inside a circle or along a custom path. Level 2 also introduces the shape-padding property, which adds padding inside the shape defined by shape-inside, analogous to how shape-margin works outside shapes. The new shape() function is a more flexible and CSS-native alternative to the SVG-inspired path(), allowing for dynamic, parametric, and responsive shapes using standard CSS syntax, units, and variables. Additionally, Level 2 allows referencing SVG shapes directly via url() and expands the image-based shape extraction mechanism. The properties from Level 1, like shape-outside, shape-margin, and shape-image-threshold, are updated to apply to exclusions and the new inside shapes as appropriate.

    It’s much easier to see/play how this all works (though it is important to read through the specs).

    MDN has a super nice resource for this, and the code for the section header can be found in their playground.

    You can also find tons of pre-built CSS shapes on sites like “The Ultimate CSS Shapes Collection”.

    FIN

    Remember, you can follow and interact with the full text of The Daily Drop’s free posts on:

    • 🐘 Mastodon via @[email protected]
    • 🦋 Bluesky via https://bsky.app/profile/dailydrop.hrbrmstr.dev.web.brid.gy

    ☮️

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #639 #817 #9d5 #a35 #c66 #ed0

    #ed0 #c66 #a35 #9d5 #4d8 #36b
  15. hrbrmstr's Daily Drop @[email protected] ·

    Drop #646 (2025-04-30): Web-Slinging Wednesday

    CSS text-box-trim; 12-Bits; CSS Shapes

    We’ll use the midweek Drop as a literal palette cleanser as we cover some clever CSS capabilities.

    Type your email…

    Subscribe

    TL;DR

    (This is an LLM/GPT-generated summary of today’s Drop using Ollama + Qwen 3 and a custom prompt.)

    I did switch over to Qwen 3 and, so far: so good!

    CSS text-box-trim

    CSS text-box-trim is a new property designed to give us precise control over the vertical space above and below text within its container, addressing a long-standing challenge in web typography and layout. Historically, the space around text — especially the extra space above and below — has been dictated by the font’s metrics and the web’s handling of “half-leading,” which splits the line spacing (leading) equally above and below the text. This often results in inconsistent and unpredictable spacing, making it difficult to achieve optical balance and true alignment, especially when working with different fonts or aiming for perfectly centered text in buttons, badges, or headings.

    The property allows you to trim the “over” (top) and “under” (bottom) edges of a text box, effectively removing the extra vertical space that comes from the font’s internal metrics. This is particularly useful for components where you want equal padding or precise alignment with other elements, such as icons or images.

    The syntax is straightforward:

    • text-box-trim: trim-both; trims both the top and bottom.
    • text-box-trim: trim-start; trims just the top.
    • text-box-trim: trim-end; trims just the bottom.
    • text-box-trim: none; (default) makes no adjustment.

    We can pair text-box-trim with text-box-edge to specify exactly where the trimming should align-such as the top of capital letters (cap), the x-height of lowercase letters (ex), or the baseline (alphabetic):

    h1 {  text-box: trim-both cap alphabetic;}

    This example trims the top to the cap height and the bottom to the alphabetic baseline, which is a common use case for visually balanced headings.

    Before this new properts we often had to use trial and error with padding values to make text look optically centered in buttons or aligned with adjacent images. For example, you might set padding-block: 5px and padding-inline: 10px to offset the unwanted space, but this solution is fragile and varies across fonts and platforms. With text-box-trim, you can confidently use equal padding (e.g., padding: 10px) and know the result will be visually balanced.

    Many demos and playgrounds like this one are now available to help us see and tweak these effects in real time. We can experiment with different fonts, trim values, and see how trimming only one side or both affects the layout.

    As of early 2025, text-box-trim is supported in Chrome 133+ and Safari 18.2+, with ongoing work for broader adoption.

    The linked post has some great examples, links, and more technical details.

    12-Bits

    Kate Morley designed the 12-bit rainbow palette with twelve carefully chosen colors for data visualization. This palette debuted in the National Grid: Live project, focusing on human color perception across luminance, chroma, and hue.

    As we’ve somewhat covered in more than a few Drops, standard RGB color systems treat red, green, and blue equally, but human vision processes these differently. Green appears brighter than red, while blue looks darker. This creates jarring brightness shifts in RGB-based rainbow palettes, causing problems in visualizations needing smooth transitions.

    Kate addressed this using the LCH (Luminance, Chroma, Hue) color space. LCH offers perceptual uniformity, where equal numerical changes in any component create visually equivalent changes regardless of starting color. When varying hue while keeping chroma and luminance constant, colors appear equally spaced to viewers.

    Simply fixing chroma and luminance while changing hue doesn’t produce an effective rainbow. Yellow looks muddy at low luminance, red becomes pink at high luminance, and blue appears washed out with increased luminance. The solution allows controlled luminance variation: yellow receives the highest luminance (since yellow only appears yellow when bright), with red and blue serving as anchors. Luminance for other hues creates smooth transitions across the spectrum.

    The “12-bit” name refers to color depth: each palette color uses just four hexadecimal digits (like #e94), equaling 12 bits of information. This constraint slightly limits available colors, but adjustments required for 12-bit compatibility remain visually imperceptible. The result features evenly spaced hues, minimal chroma variation, and smooth luminance variation, creating an effective and compact visualization tool.

    Here are some handy, pre-built data structures for the palette for R, JavaScript, and CSS, plus a full set of {ggplot2} palettes in {hrbrthemes}:

    c(  plum = "#817",  rose = "#a35",  coral = "#c66",  apricot = "#e94",  lemon = "#ed0",  lime = "#9d5",  mint = "#4d8",  teal = "#2cb",  sky = "#0bc",  azure = "#09c",  cobalt = "#36b",  violet = "#639") -> bit12
    const bit12 = ["#817","#a35","#c66","#e94","#ed0","#9d5","#4d8","#2cb","#0bc","#09c","#36b","#639"];
    :root {  --plum:   #817;  --rose:   #a35;  --coral:  #c66;  --apricot:#e94;  --lemon:  #ed0;  --lime:   #9d5;  --mint:   #4d8;  --teal:   #2cb;  --sky:    #0bc;  --azure:  #09c;  --cobalt: #36b;  --violet: #639;}

    CSS Shapes

    The CSS Shapes Module Level 1 and Level 2 specifications introduce modern and spiffy ways to control how content flows around and within elements using arbitrary shapes, moving beyond the traditional rectangular box model.

    Module Level 1 focuses on defining shapes for float areas.

    A float area is the region defined around a floated element that determines how surrounding inline content, such as text, wraps around it. By default, when you float an element using the float property (with values like left or right), the float area is the element’s margin box, meaning the content wraps around the outermost edge of the element, including its margins.

    It introduces properties like shape-outside, which allows a floated element to define a non-rectangular float area using basic shapes (such as circle(), ellipse(), polygon(), inset(), and path()) or by referencing images and box edges (like margin-box or border-box). These shapes determine how inline content wraps around floats. For example, you can float an image to the left and use shape-outside: circle(50%) to make text wrap around a circular area instead of the image’s rectangular bounds. The module also introduces shape-margin, which expands the float area outward from the defined shape, and shape-image-threshold, which sets the opacity cutoff for extracting shapes from images. Importantly, these shapes only reduce the float area-they cannot extend it beyond the float’s margin box, and the underlying box model, including stacking and positioning, remains unaffected. The module is strictly limited to floats and initial-letter boxes, although it anticipates future expansion to other elements and contexts.

    Module Level 2 builds on this foundation by extending shape application beyond floats to exclusions and, perhaps more importantly, by introducing the shape-inside property. With shape-inside, you can define a non-rectangular area inside a block-level element, causing the element’s content to flow within the specified shape, rather than filling the usual rectangle. This enables layouts such as text flowing inside a circle or along a custom path. Level 2 also introduces the shape-padding property, which adds padding inside the shape defined by shape-inside, analogous to how shape-margin works outside shapes. The new shape() function is a more flexible and CSS-native alternative to the SVG-inspired path(), allowing for dynamic, parametric, and responsive shapes using standard CSS syntax, units, and variables. Additionally, Level 2 allows referencing SVG shapes directly via url() and expands the image-based shape extraction mechanism. The properties from Level 1, like shape-outside, shape-margin, and shape-image-threshold, are updated to apply to exclusions and the new inside shapes as appropriate.

    It’s much easier to see/play how this all works (though it is important to read through the specs).

    MDN has a super nice resource for this, and the code for the section header can be found in their playground.

    You can also find tons of pre-built CSS shapes on sites like “The Ultimate CSS Shapes Collection”.

    FIN

    Remember, you can follow and interact with the full text of The Daily Drop’s free posts on:

    • 🐘 Mastodon via @[email protected]
    • 🦋 Bluesky via https://bsky.app/profile/dailydrop.hrbrmstr.dev.web.brid.gy

    ☮️

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #639 #817 #9d5 #a35 #c66 #ed0

    #09c #0bc #2cb #36b #4d8 #9d5
  16. Jesus Michał "Le Sigh" 🏔 (he) @[email protected] ·

    Today's one of these days when reading a mailing list discussion convinces me that I was right.

    So, do people agree with me? No, not at all. In fact, I can't even start to comprehend how lightly #Debian folks are treating such issues as a sudden #ABI change. I'm talking about changing `#time_t` from 32 bits to 64 bits, on 32-bit platforms. They're like: YOLO, let's just change it and see what happens…

    And what will happen? Well, if we have any program compiled with 32-bit time_t, that happens to link to a system library that now exposes 64-bit time_t in its ABI, then suddenly stuff's going to misalign. Like, we get all the fun C vulnerabilities — here function parameters will be misinterpreted, there we will be reading or writing to the wrong memory addresses…

    Ok, I guess Debian has it easier than #Gentoo. They're using binary packages, so at least as far as the system packages are concerned, they can do the upgrade in a reasonably reliable way, in a short time. In Gentoo, we're talking about hours or even days of rebuilding. And during this time *production systems* will be starting program with a risk of ABI incompatibility, or in other words — we'd be running one huge vulnerability of a system. Not to mention that some rebuild could fail, and suddenly we'd be left with a half-rebuilt system…

    inbox.sourceware.org/libc-alph

    #32bit #y2k38 #security

    #debian #abi #time_t #gentoo #32bit #y2k38
  17. Jezus Michał "Le Wzdych" (on) @[email protected] ·

    Dziś jest kolejny z tych dni, w których czytanie dyskusji na temat przekonuje mnie, że miałem rację.

    Znaczy uczestnicy się zgadzają ze mną? Nie, wręcz przeciwnie. Wręcz niepojęte jest dla mnie, jak lekkomyślnie ludzie od Debiana traktuje takie problemy jak nagłą zmianę #ABI. A mowa tu o zmianie wielkości typu `#time_t` z 32 bitów na 64 bity, na 32-bitowych platformach. Po prostu YOLO i zmieniamy, co będzie to będzie…

    A co będzie? Otóż to, że jeżeli mamy jakikolwiek program skompilowany z 32-bitowym time_t, który dowiązany jest do biblioteki eksponującej 64-bitowe time_t w swoim ABI, to nagle cichaczem wszystko się rozjedzie. Znaczy, dostaniemy wszystkie nasze ulubione problemy bezpieczeństwa znane z C — tu się rozjadą argumenty do funkcji, tam będziemy czytać albo pisać po niewłaściwych adresach w pamięci…

    No dobra, #Debian niewątpliwie ma łatwiej niż #Gentoo. Jadą na paczkach binarnych, więc przynajmniej wszystkie systemowe paczki mogą w miarę pewnie zaktualizować w krótkim czasie. W Gentoo z kolei mówimy o godzinach, może nawet dniach, kompilacji. A w tym czasie *systemy produkcyjne* uruchamiałyby programy z potencjalną niezgodnością ABI, a więc praktycznie rzecz biorąc, system stanowiłby jedną wielką dziurę bezpieczeństwa. Nie wspominając o ryzyku, że kompilacja którejś paczki się posypie i nagle zostaniemy z na wpół przebudowanym systemem…

    inbox.sourceware.org/libc-alph

    #32bit #y2k38 #bezpieczeństwo

    #abi #time_t #debian #gentoo #32bit #y2k38
  18. CyclismeRevue @[email protected] ·

    L’infolettre du 19 mai 2025 : la joie de Van Aert, les doutes de De Lie…

    Le sommaire

    1. Le soulagement de Wout van Aert au meilleur endroit possible
    2. L’état de santé d’Arnaud De Lie reste encore un mystère
    3. Les nouvelles des derniers jours
    4. À lire, voir, écouter…
    5. Le coin promo
    6. Les résultats des derniers jours
    7. L’agenda des prochains jours

    Le soulagement de Wout van Aert au meilleur endroit possible

    Le visage maculé de boue, les jambes en compote, le dos voûté par l’effort, Wout van Aert zigzague dans son maillot bleu de la Vérandas Willems-Crelan, à la recherche de la moindre respiration. La Via Santa Caterina et sa pente à deux chiffres, de plus en plus raide au fil des maisons, semble interminable pour le Belge qui découvre pour la première fois les classiques sur route, après avoir déjà quasiment tout gagné dans les labourés. Un spécialiste du cyclo-cross sur des chemins de gravier, cela semble couler de source. Mais les côtes s’allongent et l’effort s’éternise sur ce Strade Bianche. On est loin de l’heure à bloc dans les champs flamands. Nous sommes le 3 mars 2018, et un mois pile après son troisième titre de champion du monde de cyclo-cross, Wout van Aert s’est révélé au public qui préfère les courses en ligne et les efforts endurants. Après avoir tant et plus tenu la roue du Français Romain Bardet, alors que Tiesj Benoot était déjà parti vers la victoire depuis une vingtaine de minutes, Wout van Aert chutait dans les derniers mètres de l’ultime côte du jour et terminait sa montée à pied, une image qui restait dans les esprits de tout supporter du coureur d’Herentals.

    Deux ans plus tard, dans un décor suffocant en raison de l’été bien installé, le champion belge, dans sa tunique jaune de la Jumbo-Visma, confirmait son amour pour les chemins toscans en s’offrant son unique victoire sur le Strade Bianche. Et cinq ans après, un jour nuageux de mai 2025, c’est sur ces mêmes routes qu’il enregistre la 50e victoire professionnelle de sa carrière sur route. Surtout, la première de sa saison, près de neuf mois après sa dernière lourde chute qui a failli lui coûter un genou, sur le Tour d’Espagne. Après une longue revalidation, un retour victorieux sur les cyclo-cross, puis un printemps mitigé et marqué par des quatrièmes places sur le Tour des Flandres et Paris-Roubaix, ainsi qu’une deuxième place encore plus amère sur À Travers la Flandre, voici Wout van Aert enfin sur le haut du podium, loin des doutes et critiques qui ont miné sa confiance depuis le début de la saison sur route.

    “C’est facile de dire que cette victoire signifie pour beaucoup. Je ne sais pas vraiment comment l’expliquer. Cela devait se passer ici j’imagine, car c’est à cet endroit que ma carrière sur route a vraiment démarré en 2018. Gagner cette étape après une telle période sans y parvenir, cela fait tellement de bien”, a-t-il confié à l’arrivée, le sourire aux lèvres, malgré la poussière figée sur son visage meurtri. Il avait eu le temps auparavant de partager sa joie avec son épouse Sarah et son fils aîné, Georges, qui lui avait demandé plusieurs fois durant les classiques pourquoi son papa ne gagnait pas. Les larmes ont coulé, le Prosecco a été débouché, le bonheur a empli la Piazza del Campo de Sienne, habituel lieu d’arrivée du Strade Bianche et, ce dimanche, de la 9e étape du Giro.

    Il faut dire que la délivrance était à la hauteur des espoirs douchés en début de Giro pour Wout van Aert. Après un printemps durant lequel il n’a tout simplement pas pu combattre les monstres que sont devenus Mathieu van der Poel, Tadej Pogacar ou Mads Pedersen, le Belge avait remis ses ambitions au Giro, durant lequel il espérait obtenir une première victoire d’étape, voire le maillot rose, au vu des étapes vallonnées et du contre-la-montre proposé les trois premiers jours en Albanie. Malade avant l’épreuve, le sociétaire de la Visma | Lease a Bike a tempéré son objectif initial, appelant à la prudence quant à sa condition pour un événement réputé pour sa nervosité. S’il a pu se battre pour le sprint de la première étape, face à un Mads Pedersen (Lidl-Trek) conquérant, son chrono le lendemain, puis ses difficultés à suivre le rythme sur les pentes sur les étapes suivantes ont confirmé qu’il fallait patienter avant de retrouver Van Aert à son meilleur niveau.

    ▶️ ✍ Avez-vous un commentaire à nous faire sur cet édito ou l’infolettre ? Envoyez-nous un e-mail à [email protected]

    Les interrogations et critiques n’ont pourtant pas cessé dans la presse belge, toujours avide de revoir le champion belge à son pic, tout en questionnant la date de ce même pic dans sa carrière. Et si Wout van Aert ne retrouvait jamais le niveau affiché ces dernières saisons ? L’intéressé n’en avait cure et préférait voir les petits signes d’amélioration affichés lors des étapes suivantes. Comme cette attaque improvisée à 500 mètres de la ligne d’arrivée d’une étape déjantée vers Naples. Ou ces tentatives de rejoindre l’échappée au début de la 8e étape. Finalement, c’est sur ces chemins toscans qui l’ont révélé sept ans plus tôt que le Belge s’est montré sous son meilleur jour. Toujours bien placé, même après la chute de Primoz Roglic (Red Bull-Bora-Hansgrohe) et Tom Pidcock (Q36.5 Pro Cycling Team), toujours dans la bonne roue sans faire l’effort de trop, face aux offensives d’Egan Bernal (INEOS Grenadiers) ou Isaac del Toro (UAE Team Emirates XRG), Van Aert a patienté jusqu’au sommet de la Via Santa Caterina pour placer la bonne accélération nécessaire pour obtenir sa première victoire de la saison, sa première sur le Giro, lui permettant de rejoindre le cercle fermé des vainqueurs d’étape sur les trois Grands Tours.

    Le Belge Wout van Aert (Team Visma | Lease a Bike) remporte la 9e étape du Tour d’Italie sur la Piazza del Campo de Sienne, le 18 mai 2025. – Photo : RCS Sport/Mirror Media

    “Je me sentais mal de ne pas coopérer avec Del Toro, parce qu’il est un concurrent au classement général pour mon leader Simon Yates. Je devais lui laisser le travail et ensuite me battre jusqu’au sommet de Sienne”, a résumé le vainqueur du jour. “J’avais besoin de faire mon effort dans les derniers virages. J’ai presque manqué le dernier, mais l’expérience du Strade Bianche m’a aidé à gagner aujourd’hui.”

    Cette victoire semble déjà avoir libéré Wout van Aert, un large sourire aux lèvres sur le podium. Avant la journée de repos, ce succès tombe à un moment parfait, dans un endroit symbolique pour lui. Sera-ce suffisant pour le remettre sur des rails similaires à ceux de la dernière Vuelta ? Laissons d’abord le trentenaire profiter de cette victoire et reprendre du plaisir sur le vélo avant d’envisager la suite. La confiance devrait en tout cas revenir, après avoir confirmé que le physique est déjà là.

    Grégory Ienco

    ➡️ S’inscrire à l’infolettre pour la recevoir gratuitement tous les lundis ⬅️

    L’état de santé d’Arnaud De Lie reste encore un mystère

    Le retour du maillot de champion de Belgique dans le peloton était scruté par tous les supporters belges. Arnaud De Lie avait dû quitter les classiques printanières par la petite porte, en raison de problèmes de forme affichés depuis le Circuit Het Nieuwsblad jusqu’à Gand-Wevelgem. Il s’est offert durant plus d’un mois un redémarrage mental et physique en bonne et due forme sur ses routes d’enfance, et semblait sur le retour au vu de ses sorties d’entraînement affichées sur Strava. Les rumeurs d’une mise au ban de l’équipe Lotto ou d’un futur départ anticipé n’ont finalement pas tenu face à l’annonce du come-back du coureur de Lescheret sur la Rund um Köln, le Tour de Cologne, dimanche.

    Malgré une course exigeante pour sprinters qui correspond à ses qualités intrinsèques, De Lie a lâché prise après une trentaine de kilomètres, loupant le petit peloton qui allait finalement se jouer la victoire à Cologne. “Il avait du mal à respirer et son rythme cardiaque était trop élevé. Nous l’avons dépassé avec la voiture après une quarantaine de kilomètres. Il a ensuite quitté la course et a encore roulé une bonne heure et demie avant de rejoindre le bus à l’arrivée”, a commenté le directeur sportif Nikolas Maes au quotidien Het Nieuwsblad.

    L’équipe Lotto au départ de la Rund um Köln, le 18 mai 2025 – Photo : Instagram Lotto

    Ce nouveau coup dur semble confirmer l’idée d’un problème de santé bien plus grave qui touche Arnaud De Lie depuis plus d’un an et demi. La maladie de Lyme dont il a souffert l’an dernier serait-elle de retour ? Y a-t-il quelque chose de plus psychologique derrière ces performances en dents de scie ? L’équipe Lotto ne veut pas paniquer et veut d’abord analyser les données de dimanche pour comprendre le mal qui ronge le champion de Belgique. “Nous étions conscients qu’il serait compliqué pour Arnaud de jouer la gagne après sept semaines sans compétition, mais on espérait qu’il puisse quand même être parmi la tête et faire la course”, a ajouté Nikolas Maes, qui appelle donc à la juste analyse.

    Il sera en tout cas important de ne pas précipiter un nouveau retour de De Lie, lui qui espère être au départ du Tour de France. Mais vu son état actuel, un long repos et une batterie de tests pour suivre son état physique et mental semblent plus indiqués qu’un Grand Tour en juillet…

    ▶️ ✍ Avez-vous un commentaire à nous faire sur cet édito ou l’infolettre ? Envoyez-nous un e-mail à [email protected]

    Les nouvelles des derniers jours

    ➡️ Prolongations

    • Un nouveau coureur a rejoint le club des contrats à durée indéterminée. Après Wout van Aert et Marianne Vos au sein du Team Visma | Lease a Bike, le Danois Mads Pedersen, triple vainqueur d’étape sur le Giro, a décidé de lier son avenir professionnel jusqu’à la fin de sa carrière avec Lidl-Trek. Le coureur de 29 ans ne passera ainsi sa carrière que dans une seule équipe, puisqu’il est devenu pro dans la même structure en 2017, sans la quitter depuis lors.
    Le Danois Mads Pedersen (Lidl-Trek) gagne au sprint la 3e étape du Tour d’Italie, le 11 mai 2025 – Photo : RCS Sport/La Presse
    • L’Espagnol Enric Mas restera au moins quatre ans de plus chez Movistar. Le leader de l’équipe espagnole sur les Grands Tours a prolongé son contrat jusqu’à fin 2029, a annoncé sa formation. Le coureur de 30 ans, trois fois deuxième du Tour d’Espagne, aura ainsi passé dix saisons au sein du groupe d’Eusebio Unzue, après avoir débuté sa carrière au sein de la Quick Step.
    • Équipier modèle au sein de l’équipe Alpecin-Deceuninck, le Belge Jonas Rickaert a signé une prolongation de contrat avec la formation WorldTour jusqu’à fin 2028. Le coureur de 31 ans poursuivra ainsi son travail de soutien auprès de Mathieu van der Poel et surtout de Jasper Philipsen. La dernière victoire de Rickaert remonte à août 2020, sur À Travers le Hageland.
    • La Néerlandaise Nienke Veenhoven a prolongé son contrat avec le Team Visma | Lease a Bike jusqu’à fin 2028, a annoncé l’équipe néerlandaise. La coureuse de 21 ans, plutôt spécialiste du sprint, a confirmé son talent au sein des “abeilles” depuis son arrivée en 2023, avec un succès sur le critérium d’Adelaïde, en amont du Tour Down Under, l’an dernier, et un enchaînement de Top 10 cette saison : 3e sur une étape de l’UAE Tour, 6e sur la Classic Bruges-La Panne, 3e sur le Trophée Maarten Wynants et 2e sur l’Omloop der Kempen, samedi dernier.

    ➡️ ✍ Vous souhaitez nous partager une info sur le monde cycliste professionnel ? Envoyez-nous un e-mail à [email protected]

    🏥 Sur la touche

    • Une chute massive a mené une vingtaine de coureurs au sol sur la 6e étape du Tour d’Italie vers Naples. La course a dû être neutralisée, le temps de vérifier l’ensemble des blessés. La principale victime est l’Australien Jai Hindley (Red Bull-Bora-Hansgrohe), avec une commotion cérébrale. L’Allemand Juri Hollmann (Alpecin-Deceuninck) sera certainement absent longtemps également en raison d’une fracture de la hanche et d’un bras à la suite de cette glissade massive. Enfin, le Tchèque Jan Hirt (Israel-Premier Tech) a tout de même terminé l’étape, mais n’est pas reparti le lendemain en raison d’une fracture du fémur.

    • L’Italien Andrea Pasqualon (Bahrain Victorious) a abandonné le Tour d’Italie sur une chute sur les chemins blancs lors de la 9e étape. Il s’est occasionné une fracture de la clavicule et devra patienter plusieurs semaines avant de faire son retour à la compétition.
    • Victime d’une chute sur la quatrième étape des Quatre Jours de Dunkerque, le Belge Cedric Beullens (Lotto) a été victime d’une commotion cérébrale et a été contraint de quitter l’épreuve française. Il prendra désormais le repos nécessaire pour se remettre dans les prochains jours.

    📅 Programme

    • C’est désormais officiel : la dernière étape du prochain Tour de France franchira bien la butte de Montmartre, au nord de Paris, avant l’arrivée sur l’avenue des Champs-Élysées. ASO a confirmé un accord avec la Ville de Paris et la préfecture de police pour un passage sur la colline qui avait marqué les esprits et le peloton lors des Jeux olympiques, l’an dernier. Aucun autre détail n’a toutefois été révélé, il faudra pour cela attendre une conférence de presse prévue mercredi. Mais les bruits de couloir font état d’une triple ascension de la rue Lepic, comme aux J.O., avant seulement quatre à cinq kilomètres de route jusqu’aux Champs-Élysées, où sera située l’arrivée de la dernière étape. Spectacle garanti !
    • Mathieu van der Poel (Alpecin-Deceuninck) l’a confirmé ce printemps : son grand objectif de la saison, après ses succès sur Milan-Sanremo et Paris-Roubaix, est de remporter son premier titre de champion du monde de VTT cross-country. Cela se déroulera en Suisse fin août. Avant cela, le coureur néerlandais ne participera qu’à une seule manche de VTT, à savoir la Coupe du monde de Novo Mesto, prévue le week-end prochain. Il poursuivra ensuite son entraînement dans les forêts, avant de participer au Tour de France en juillet, sa dernière course sur route avant un nouveau programme de VTT qui sera dévoilé après le Tour.

     

    Voir cette publication sur Instagram

     

    Une publication partagée par Alpecin-Deceuninck (@alpecindeceuninck)

    • La championne du monde Lotte Kopecky (Team SD Worx-Protime) fera son retour en compétition jeudi prochain sur le Tour de Burgos, selon Het Laatste Nieuws. La coureuse belge partira ensuite en reconnaissance des étapes alpestres du Tour de France, avant un stage en altitude à Livigno, en Italie. Elle s’y préparera ainsi pour le Tour de France Femmes, prévu du 26 juillet au 3 août. Une participation au Giro Donne, du 6 au 13 juillet, serait toujours sur la table.
    • Après une édition annulée l’an dernier en raison des Jeux olympiques et d’un manque d’effectifs policiers, la Route d’Occitanie fera son retour cette saison du 18 au 21 juin. La course débutera par un contre-la-montre individuel de 10,5 kilomètres avant une étape pour sprinters vers Carmaux Ségala. La troisième étape sera la plus rude avec un passage sur le Tourmalet et une arrivée au sommet de Luz Ardiden. La dernière étape sera vallonnée entre Saint-Gaudens et Saint-Girons.
    La carte générale de la Route d’Occitanie 2025
    • La nouvelle épreuve du calendrier WorldTour, le Copenhagen Sprint, au Danemark, n’accueillera pas l’ensemble des équipes de première division, a annoncé l’organisation de la course prévue le 22 juin. Alpecin-Deceuninck, Arkéa-B&B Hôtels, Bahrain Victorious, Cofidis, Intermarché-Wanty, Lidl-Trek, Red Bull-Bora-Hansgrohe, le Team Jayco-AlYla, le Team Picnic-PostNL et le Team Visma | Lease a Bike seront les seules équipes du WorldTour présentes. Lotto et le Team Flanders-Baloise seront aussi de la partie, tout comme une équipe nationale danoise.

    🤑 Économie

    • L’équipe féminine Ceratizit Pro Cycling Team changera de nom la saison prochaine après onze ans de présence dans le peloton. L’entreprise luxembourgeoise a annoncé qu’elle ne rempilera pas comme sponsor principal de l’équipe WorldTour en 2026. Les deux partenaires se sont félicités d’une union qui a mené à “65 victoires sur route, 13 sur le WorldTour, 16 titres mondiaux sur la piste et quatre médailles olympiques”. Assurée d’une licence WorldTour jusqu’en 2027, l’équipe Ceratizit a révélé de grands noms du peloton féminin comme Cédrine Kerbaol, Marta Lach ou Lisa Brennauer. L’équipe cherche désormais un nouveau sponsor.

    ➡️ ✍ Vous souhaitez nous partager une info sur le monde cycliste professionnel ? Envoyez-nous un e-mail à [email protected]

    📌 Autres

    • Après avoir battu son propre record de l’heure une semaine plus tôt, l’Italienne Vittoria Bussi a également battu le record de la poursuite de individuelle féminine, qui est passé depuis cette année de trois à quatre kilomètres. L’Italienne a fait mieux que les 4:24:060 jusqu’ici établis par la Britannique Anna Morris. Sur le vélodrome d’Aguascalientes, au Mexique, vendredi, elle a couvert les 4.000 mètres en 4:23:642.
    • L’Australien Rohan Dennis n’ira pas en prison pour avoir percuté mortellement sa femme Melissa Hoskins au volant du véhicule familial, à la suite d’une dispute, fin 2023. Le tribunal d’Adelaïde avait déclaré l’ex-champion du monde de contre-la-montre coupable du décès de son épouse, elle-même championne olympique sur piste. Il a cependant tenu compte du fait que Dennis avait plaidé coupable du chef d’accusation aggravé de “création d’un risque de préjudice”, mais avait écarté l’accusation d’homicide. Le tribunal a également tenu compte des regrets exprimés par le prévenu, ainsi que son statut de seul parent des enfants du couple. Selon le juge, le décès de Melissa Hoskins est intervenu après que cette dernière se soit agrippée au capot de la voiture avant de tenter d’ouvrir une portière, alors que Rohan Dennis circulait à vitesse lente, “un acte intrinsèquement dangereux”, a précise le juge. Dennis a dès lors été condamné à une peine de prison avec sursis et une interdiction de conduire de cinq ans.

    À lire, voir, écouter…

    • Rouler avec des professionnels, sur des vélos à pignon fixe, dans les montagnes, c’est le concept de la chaîne YouTube State Bicycle Co. L’invité de la dernière vidéo de la chaîne est l’Américain Matteo Jorgenson (Team Visma | Lease a Bike), qui s’est révélé ces deux dernières années sur les classiques et les courses par étapes. Cela donne un entretien très intéressant sur l’intégration d’un Américain dans le peloton européen, ses aptitudes parmi l’élite… Et on découvre que Jorgenson reste solide sur un fixie ! La vidéo, en anglais, est à voir sur la chaîne de State Bicycle Co.

    • Le média Escape Collective s’est interrogé sur une énigme d’Internet : qui donc efface, sur la page Wikipedia de Mauro Gianetti, le fait que le Suisse a été soupçonné de dopage durant la fin des années 1990 ? L’actuel manager d’UAE Team Emirates XRG serait-il lui-même derrière ces modifications incessantes, toujours remises à jour par des Wikipédiens plus proches de la vérité des informations de l’époque ? L’enquête d’Escape Collective est passionnante et rappelle à quel point il est nécessaire de rappeler les actions passées de certains acteurs actuels du peloton. Non pas pour les mettre au ban, mais pour rappeler que l’époque noire du cyclisme n’était pas si éloignée… L’article, en anglais, est à lire sur ce lien.

    Le coin promo

    • Découvrez le parcours complet du Tour d’Italie, qui reprendra mardi avec un contre-la-montre vers Pise, avec les cartes, profils et difficultés sur notre page consacrée au tracé de ce 108e Giro. C’est à lire en cliquant sur ce lien.
    • Comme chaque année , nous vous proposons un calendrier à télécharger et à installer sur votre téléphone ou votre ordinateur, pour ne rien manquer des différentes courses professionnelles sur route de l’année, que ce soit chez les femmes ou les hommes. Tous les détails pratiques sont sur ce lien.
    • Découvrez le programme TV complet des courses cyclistes (route, piste, cyclo-cross, VTT…) diffusées ces prochaines semaines en Belgique et en France sur notre page spéciale, mise à jour quotidiennement : c’est à voir sur ce lien.

    Pour profiter des retransmissions télévisées des courses cyclistes depuis l’étranger, n’hésitez pas à utiliser NordVPN, un programme vous permettant de rejoindre des réseaux privés virtuels protégés dans le monde entier. Pour accéder à ces retransmissions télévisées depuis le monde entier, un VPN peut vous aider, tout en vous protégeant. NordVPN vous propose un abonnement de deux ans avec une réduction allant jusqu’à 73%. Chaque nouvel abonné recevra par ailleurs trois mois d’abonnement offerts. Des offres combinées avec NordPass et du stockage cloud sont par ailleurs disponibles ! Tout abonnement à NordVPN est un soutien supplémentaire à CyclismeRevue.

    Les résultats des derniers jours

    Route

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT)
      • 4e étape (13/05) : Casper van Uden 🇳🇱 (Team Picnic-PostNL)
      • 5e étape (14/05) : Mads Pedersen 🇩🇰 (Lidl-Trek)
      • 6e étape (15/05) : Kaden Groves 🇦🇺 (Alpecin-Deceuninck)
      • 7e étape (16/05) : Juan Ayuso 🇪🇸 (UAE Team Emirates XRG)
      • 8e étape (17/05) : Luke Plapp 🇦🇺 (Team Jayco-AlUla)
      • 9e étape (18/05) : Wout van Aert 🇧🇪 (Team Visma | Lease a Bike)
      • Leader du classement général provisoire : Isaac del Toro 🇲🇽 (UAE Team Emirates XRG)
    • Tour du Pays Basque – Femmes 🇪🇸 (2.WWT)
      • 1re étape (16/05) : Mischa Bredewold 🇳🇱 (Team SD Worx-Protime)
      • 2e étape (17/05) : Mischa Bredewold 🇳🇱 (Team SD Worx-Protime)
      • 3e et dernière étape (18/05) : Demi Vollering 🇳🇱 (FDJ-Suez)
      • Classement général : Demi Vollering 🇳🇱 (FDJ-Suez)

    • Quatre Jours de Dunkerque 🇫🇷 (2.Pro)
      • 1re étape (14/05) : Axel Zingle 🇫🇷 (Team Visma | Lease a Bike)
      • 2e étape (15/05) : Lewis Askey 🇬🇧 (Groupama-FDJ)
      • 3e étape (16/05) : Pierre Gautherat 🇫🇷 (Decathlon Ag2r La Mondiale)
      • 4e étape (17/05) : Samuel Watson 🇬🇧 (INEOS Grenadiers)
      • 5e et dernière étape (18/05) : Jake Stewart 🇬🇧 (Israel-Premier Tech)
      • Classement général : Samuel Watson 🇬🇧 (INEOS Grenadiers)

    • Tour de Hongrie 🇭🇺 (2.Pro)
      • 1re étape (14/05) : Danny van Poppel 🇳🇱 (Red Bull-Bora-Hansgrohe)
      • 2e étape (15/05) : Danny van Poppel 🇳🇱 (Red Bull-Bora-Hansgrohe)
      • 3e étape (16/05) : Harold Martin López 🇨🇴 (XDS Astana Team)
      • 4e étape (17/05) : Dylan Groenewegen 🇳🇱 (Team Jayco-AlUla)
      • 5e et dernière étape (18/05) : Juan Sebastian Molano 🇨🇴 (UAE Team Emirates XRG)
      • Classement général : Harold Martin López 🇨🇴 (XDS Astana Team)

    • ZLM Omloop der Kempen – Femmes 🇳🇱 (1.1)
      • 17/05 : April Tacey 🇬🇧 (Teaml Coop-Repsol)
    • Rund um Köln – Tour de Cologne 🇩🇪 (1.1)
      • 18/05 : Matthew Brennan 🇬🇧 (Team Visma | Lease a Bike)
    • Tour de Feminin 🇨🇿 (2.2)
      • 1re étape (15/05 – CLM par équipes ⏱️) : Belgique 🇧🇪
      • 2e étape (16/05) : Anabelle Thomas 🇨🇦 (KDM-Pack Cycling Team)
      • 3e étape (17/05) : Robyn Clay 🇬🇧 (DAS-Hutchinson)
      • 4e et dernière étape (18/05) : Lente Boskamp 🇳🇱 (Velopro-Alphamotorhomes)
      • Classement général : Kate Richardson 🇬🇧 (Handsling Alba Development Road Team)
    • Tour du Japon 🇯🇵 (2.2)
      • Prologue (18/05 – CLM individuel ⏱️) : Dusan Rajovic 🇷🇸 (Solution Tech-Vini Fantini)
      • 1re étape (19/05) : Atsushi Oka 🇯🇵 (Utsunomiya Blitzen)
    • Giro Himledalen 🇸🇪 (1.2)
      • 17/05 : Mads Andersen 🇩🇰 (Airtox-Carl Ras)
    • Circuito del Porto 🇮🇹 (1.2)
      • 18/05 : Zak Erzen 🇸🇮 (Bahrain Victorious Development Team)
    • ZLM Omloop der Kempen – Hommes 🇳🇱 (1.2)
      • 18/05 : Arne Santy 🇧🇪 (Tarteletto-Isorex)
    • Gran Premio New York City 🇺🇸 (1.2)
      • 18/05 : Sean Christian 🇺🇸 (Team Skyline)
    • Orlen Nations Grand Prix 🇵🇱 (2.2U)
      • 1re étape (14/05) : Emmanuel Houcou 🇫🇷 (France)
      • 2e étape (15/05) : Ludovico Mellano 🇮🇹 (Italie)
      • 3e étape (16/05) : Tobias Svarre 🇩🇰 (Danemark)
      • 4e et dernière étape (17/05) : Edoardo Zamperini 🇮🇹 (Italie)
      • Classement général : Marco Schrettl 🇦🇹 (Autriche)
    • Championnats d’Argentine sur route 🇦🇷 (CN)
      • Contre-la-montre élites femmes (16/05) : Barbara Fiorela Malaspina 🇦🇷 (-)
      • Contre-la-montre élites hommes (16/05) : Mateo Kalejman 🇦🇷 (Supermercados Froiz)
      • Course en ligne élites femmes (17/05) : Jennifer Francone 🇦🇷 (-)
    • Championnats du Pérou sur route 🇵🇪 (CN)
      • Contre-la-montre élites hommes (17/05) : Robinson Ruiz 🇵🇪 (SEP San Juan)

    VTT

    • UCI Mountain Bike World Series à Bielsko-Biala 🇵🇱 (CDM)
      • Enduro – Élites femmes (17/05) : Elly Hoskin 🇨🇦
      • Enduro – Élites hommes (17/05) : Slawomir Lukasik 🇵🇱
      • Descente – Élites femmes (18/05) : Tahnee Seagrave 🇬🇧
      • Descente – Élites hommes (18/05) : Loïc Bruni 🇫🇷

    L’agenda des prochains jours

    Mardi 20 mai 2025

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT) – 10e étape
      • Lucca > Pise (28,6 km – CLM individuel ⏱️)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 13h25 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max, et dès 14h00 sur Rai Due

    Mercredi 21 mai 2025

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT) – 11e étape
      • Viareggio > Castelnovo ne’ Monti (185 km)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 12h20 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max, et dès 14h00 sur Rai Due
    • Ronde de l’Isard 🇫🇷 (2.2U) – 1re étape

    Jeudi 22 mai 2025

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT) – 12e étape
      • Modène > Viadana/Oglio-Po (172 km)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 13h30 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max, et dès 14h00 sur Rai Due
    • Tour de Burgos – Femmes 🇪🇸 (2.WWT) – 1re étape
    • Tour du Japon 🇯🇵 (2.2) – 4e étape
    • Ronde de l’Isard 🇫🇷 (2.2U) – 2e étape

    Vendredi 23 mai 2025

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT) – 13e étape
      • Rovigo > Vicenza (180 km)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 13h25 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max, et dès 14h00 sur Rai Due
    • Tour de Burgos – Femmes 🇪🇸 (2.WWT) – 2e étape
    • GP Beiras e Serra da Estrela 🇵🇹 (2.1) – 1re étape
    • Ronde de l’Isard 🇫🇷 (2.2U) – 3e étape

    Samedi 24 mai 2025

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT) – 14e étape
      • Trévise > Nova Gorica/Gorizia 🇸🇮 (186 km)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 13h10 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max, et dès 14h00 sur Rai Due
    • Tour de Burgos – Femmes 🇪🇸 (2.WWT) – 3e étape
    • GP Beiras e Serra da Estrela 🇵🇹 (2.1) – 2e étape
    • Tour du Japon 🇯🇵 (2.2) – 6e étape
    • Due Giorni Marchigiana – GP Santa Rita 🇮🇹 (1.2)
    • Ronde de l’Isard 🇫🇷 (2.2U) – 4e étape

    VTT

    • UCI Mountain Bike Series à Nové Mesto 🇨🇿 (CDM)
      • Short-track – Élites hommes et femmes
      • 📺 Direct dès 11h15 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max

    Dimanche 25 mai 2025

    • Tour d’Italie 🇮🇹 (2.UWT) – 15e étape
      • Fiume Veneto > Asiago (214 km)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 11h35 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max, et dès 14h00 sur Rai Due
    • Tour de Burgos – Femmes 🇪🇸 (2.WWT) – 4e et dernière étape
      • Villasana de Mena > Villasana de Mena (9,4 km – CLM individuel ⏱️)
      • Liste des partantes
      • 📺 Direct dès 14h30 sur HBO Max
    • GP Beiras e Serra da Estrela 🇵🇹 (2.1) – 3e et dernière étape
    • Tour du Japon 🇯🇵 (2.2) – 7e et dernière étape
    • Due Giorni Marchigiana – Trophée de la Ville de Castelfidardo 🇮🇹 (1.2)
    • Ronde de l’Isard 🇫🇷 (2.2U) – 5e et dernière étape

    VTT

    • UCI Mountain Bike Series à Nové Mesto 🇨🇿 (CDM)
      • Cross-country – Élites hommes et femmes
      • 📺 Direct dès 09h45 sur Eurosport 2 et HBO Max

    Lundi 26 mai 2025

    • Mercan’Tour Classic Alpes-Maritimes 🇫🇷 (1.1)
      • Puget-Théniers > Valberg (152 km)
      • Liste des partants
      • 📺 Direct dès 14h30 sur Eurosport 1 et HBO Max
    • Tour d’Albanie 🇦🇱 (2.2) – 1re étape

    Merci pour votre lecture !

    Vous retrouverez votre prochaine infolettre le lundi 26 mai 2025 dans votre boîte aux lettres numérique !

    N’hésitez pas à partager cette infolettre avec vos proches et à nous suivre sur CyclismeRevue.be ainsi que nos réseaux sociaux pour ne rien manquer de l’actualité cycliste.

    ➡️ Pour recevoir gratuitement notre infolettre tous les lundis après-midi, inscrivez-vous sur ce lien

    #ArnaudDeLie #CyclismeSurRoute #EnricMas #Giro #GiroDItalia #Lotto #MadsPedersen #TeamVismaLeaseABike #TourDItalie #WoutVanAert

    #arnauddelie #cyclismesurroute #enricmas #giro #giroditalia #lotto
  19. Claudio C @[email protected] ·

    Avances en la producción de #antimateria: el nuevo salto del #experimento #ALPHA en el #CERN

    wwwhatsnew.com/2025/12/01/avan

    #cern #alpha #experimento #antimateria
  20. Claudio C @[email protected] ·

    Avances en la producción de #antimateria: el nuevo salto del #experimento #ALPHA en el #CERN

    wwwhatsnew.com/2025/12/01/avan

    #cern #alpha #experimento #antimateria
  21. Claudio C @cktodon ·

    Avances en la producción de : el nuevo salto del en el

    wwwhatsnew.com/2025/12/01/avan

    #cern #alpha #experimento #antimateria
  22. Claudio C @[email protected] ·

    Avances en la producción de #antimateria: el nuevo salto del #experimento #ALPHA en el #CERN

    wwwhatsnew.com/2025/12/01/avan

    #cern #alpha #experimento #antimateria
  23. 🌈 Barbapulpe 😇 ᴹᵃˢᵗᵒᵈᵒⁿ @[email protected] ·

    Jour 18 du défi #1jour1kif : chaque jour, publier quelque chose que l'on aime ❤️

    La calligraphie et les idéogrammes japonais.

    L'écriture d'un peuple est en partie révélateur de son histoire et de sa culture.

    C'est le cas du Japon bien sûr, qui a importé ses idéogrammes (ou kanji) de Chine et qui les a fait coller à sa langue orale, de sorte qu'ils ont en général deux prononciations selon les mots (japonaise seul, ou chinoise quand ils sont associés).

    Apprendre le japonais passe par l'apprentissage de ses caractères. Par nécessité tout d'abord, afin d'associer des syllabes inconnues pour nous à des sens. Mais aussi par moyen mnémotechnique.

    Les kanji portent le sens. Ils sont ensuite mentalement associés à des sons. C'est l'inverse de notre écriture, où les lettres portent un son, que l'on associe ensuite à un sens. C'est redoutablement efficace pour la lecture (une fois que l'on en a appris un petit millier, ça suffit pour la vie courante).

    Chaque caractère est souvent l'association d'autres plus élémentaires. On apprend à les tracer, dans un ordre et selon une logique bien particulière. Le nombre de traits est une des entrées des dictionnaires, et il n'est pas toujours instinctif pour nous : par exemple, un carré (la bouche), c'est trois traits.

    En apprenant à les tracer, on apprécie ensuite la calligraphie, où le pinceau met en dynamique les traits de l'artiste.

    Et il y a un côté ludique. un caractère avec un homme contre un arbre (stylisés) veut dire : repos (yasumi). Deux arbres (hayashi), c'est un bois ; trois, une forêt (mori). Une voiture électrique, c'est le train (densha). Et caetera.

    Sur la photo, vous avez le soleil (ni en prononciation chinoise) suivi de la racine (hon) avec donc un trait inférieur barrant l'arbre. Racine = origine (qui tout seul veut dire livre, origine de la culture ?), l'origine du soleil est le soleil levant, et Nihon le pays associé.

    J'en avais appris plusieurs centaines. Mais les mots les plus nouveaux et technologiques sont désormais directement et phonétiquement importés de l'anglais, ainsi il faut utiliser le syllabaire katakana (sorte d'alphabet de 46 syllabes) dédié aux mots étrangers et comprendre la manière dont ceux-ci sont déformés pour rentrer dans les sons japonais. Il existe aussi le même syllabaire traditionnel hiragana pour marquer les sons et la grammaire (par exemple, un suffixe pour mettre un verbe au passé).

    Bref, c'est passionnant !

    Détails du défi : gayfr.social/@barbapulpe/11457

    @1jour1kif

    #gayfr #1kif1jour #Calligraphy #Calligraphie #Japan #Japon #JapanLovers #ILoveJapan

    #1jour1kif #gayfr #1kif1jour #calligraphy #calligraphie #japan
  24. civfanatics @[email protected] ·

    youtube.com/watch?v=5conx9rSKO

    The game ZEPHON looks like another rather interesting scifi 'Civ like' turn based #4X, scheduled for 2024. It's being created by Proxy Studios who made the popular 'Civ like' Warhammer 40K: Gladius and Pandora: First Contact games. It has a bit of a cool #AlphaCentauri & Civ: #BeyondEarth feel.
    These worlds are a filled with "eldritch horrors and cyberpunk monstrosities" which sounds fun, and there's already a playable demo out too.

    More info: forums.civfanatics.com/threads

    #4x #alphacentauri #beyondearth
  25. 𝕜𝕖𝕣𝕝𝕖𝕘𝕒𝕣𝕤 🔻🧹:linux: @[email protected] ·

    #reformedesretraites #retraites #lrem #macronie #macron

    ↪️ Marcel Aiphan sur Twitter :

    "Un 49-3 sur une réforme aussi importante au cours d’un conseil des ministres sur le #coronavirus, en pleine crise sanitaire, c’est mépriser la santé des Français en plus de piétiner la démocratie

    C’est une déclaration de guerre Prenons la rue 🔥

    #49trois #Retraites #GiletsJaunes

    ℹ️ twitter.com/AiphanMarcel/statu

    #giletsjaunes #49trois #coronavirus #macron #macronie #lrem
  26. \m/(-_-)\m/ @[email protected] ·

    I "don't" know who needs to hear this now, but US treasuries don't have alpha. #RFinance

    #rfinance
  27. Andy Arthur - Threadinburgh @[email protected] ·

    Indian Peter’s Penny Post: the thread about Edinburgh first local postal service, house numbers and street directories

    This thread is a write-up of a talk given for the Edinburgh World Heritage Trust in June 2023. It has been split across multiple sections for ease of reading.

    This vacance is a heavy doom
    On Indian Peter’s Coffee Room,
    For a’ his china pigs are toom;
    Nor do we see
    In wine the sicker bisket’s soom
    As light’s a flee.

    The Rising of the Session, Robert Fergusson

    In this verse, the “lights” that Robert Fergusson refers to are the men of law of the Court of Session in 18th century Edinburgh, fleeing the city in the summer to their country houses, away from the stench of the Old Town. Indian Peter’s Coffee Room was a small establishment within the Parliament Hall itself, the outer house of the Court of Session, Scotland’s supreme civil court, it’s patrons being the men of the law who conducted their business there. The “china pigs” are the drinks vessels and are empty now the customers are gone, and the “sicker biskets soom” is the dipping of small, sweet biscuits into the wine.

    Part 1. Indian Peter.

    So who was “Indian Peter”? Before we can go any further in our story it is very important to understand some of his long and complex life history, as it is relevant to his character and his motivations in later life. Indian Peter was Peter Williamson, born 1730 in Aberdeenshire. He was the son of a farmer and as a boy was sent to live with an aunt in Aberdeen. Aged 13, while hanging around the quayside in that city, he was tricked aboard a ship under false pretences and imprisoned. Not long thereafter he was part of a cargo of 70 abducted boys and girls who were taken to North America on board the ship Planter to be sold as a slave labour. On arrival in the New World, the vessel was shipwrecked, and the children were abandoned to their fate. When it was clear that they had survived, their captors returned and took them for sale. Peter was sold for £16 to a Scots settler who had arrived in America by the same method he had. He was as fortunate as his circumstances could allow him and his new master treated him well and schooled him.

    The master died when Peter was aged 17, leaving him his horse, saddle and £120. With little reason to return to Scotland, Williamson settled down to farm and marry. His wife’s family were planters of some means and he was given a good property to work by his father-in-law. His recent good fortune however took a turn for the worse in 1754 when the farm was raided and burnt to the ground by the native Lenape people: the Delaware Indians. His wife was absent at the time but Peter was taken captive and forced to carry off his best possessions as booty. He spent some time as a captive with the Delaware, acting as a porter. During this experience he claimed to have been tortured and to have seen other settlers tortured or killed, but also picked up some of their customs (which he would later adopt and which would personify him in Edinburgh).

     
    “The Indian Threatens Peter Williamson”, from The Red True Story Book, 1895, an illustration by H. J. Ford

    After 4 months of captivity, Williamson seized a night time opportunity and escaped under the cover of the noise and activity of wild hogs and managed to return to the planter community. Tragically he found that his wife had died two months previously. Motivated by loss or revenge, he joined a British regiment in the Seven Years War to fight against the French and their Indian allies, serving for 18 months before being captured and imprisoned for the third time in his life in 1756 at the Battle of Oswego.

    The Battle of Fort Oswego, where a French, Canadian and Indian force overwhelmed British defenders. Photogravure by John Henry Walker, 1877, from Journal de Montréal

    Wounded, he was sent to a camp in Quebec he was soon fortunate to be repatriated to Britain in a prisoner exchange and that same year landed a broken man in Plymouth. Paid off from the army due to injury with a paltry sum, he headed for “home” in Aberdeen but ran out of his funds in York. It was here he ingratiated himself with some gentlemen who published an account of his life’s adventure in a book called “French and Indian Cruelty”. The book was a success and with the money he made from it he was able to return to Aberdeen, intending to sell his book and settle down. However the Aberdeen magistrates, who he had accused of being complicit in his abduction as a boy (and that of hundreds of other children) had other ideas and had him arrested and his books impounded. To secure his release, he had to agree to sign a retraction of his story and accusations, to pay a fine of 10 shillings, and to have his books publicly burned by the town executioner.

    Spurned by his home town, he headed south to Edinburgh where he ingratiated himself amongst some men of the law. Appalled by his tale, they agreed to help him sue the Magistrates of Aberdeen. Williamson was able to build up a convincing legal case, supported by many witnesses, and surprised everyone by winning. He was awarded £100 in damages and his expenses. The magistrates, represented by one Walter Scott (the father of Sir Walter Scott) appealed, and lost. Settling in Edinburgh with his award, he re-published his book and set himself up as a tavern keeper on the Parliament Square. A sign over the door of his establishment reputedly read “PETER WILLIAMSON, VINTNER FROM THE OTHER WORLD“. When business was slow, he would don the guise of a Delaware Indian which he had managed to procure and perform a “war dance” in the High Street. Thus he became an accepted eccentric in the city’s social scene as “Indian Peter“, “Peter Williamson of the Mohawk Nation” and the “King of the Indians“.

    He moved his business into the Parliament Hall as a coffee house, with the men of the law being his primary clientèle. He was also popular amongst the literary men and as well as Fergusson his shop was patronised by James Boswell and Sir Walter Scott and he was a correspondent with Ben Franklin.

    “The Parliament Close and Public Characters of Edinburgh, Fifty Years Since”, in the style of John Kay, 1849, the bustling legal heart of the city in Williamson’s time

    Indian Peter was not content to just live the life of a coffee house keeper and local celebrity however, and showed an irrepressible entrepreneurial streak. During a visit to London, he bought a portable printing press, which he returned to Edinburgh. Unable to break the closed ranks of the city’s printers for training, he instead taught himself how to operate it and went into business as a printer, publisher and book seller. At times he also ran a small bank (offering to exchange bank notes for “ready money, books or coffee” and even ran a lottery offering two squirrels as the prize!

    Transcription of one of Williamson’s bank notes, which was probably more of a joke and gimmick amongst his friends than a serious business proposition

    The name “Ready Money Bank” was a jibe aimed at some of the Scottish banks, which at this time issued “option clause” notes, where your note, when presented for redemption, was at risk of being paid out not in cash but for a note of another bank.

    Peter Williamson. A caricature by John Kay from 1791 called “Travells eldest son talks with a Cherokee chief” © Edinburgh City Libraries

    But it was in 1773 where Williamson’s two greatest contributions to the City are made; he establishes a Penny Post (only the second such service in the British Isles) and he began compiling and publishing street directories of the city and its principal residents. It is now that our story really begins. So why are these innovations of his so important? Firstly, they allowed anyone to send communications within the city, quickly, reliably and (relatively) cheaply and they told you to whom to send it and where! It is the beginning of a modern communication network within the city, a city which was just beginning to break free of the ancient confines of the Old Town and across the Nor’ Loch valley to the opportunities, space and clear air of the New Town. The Postal Museum states “in particular, the Edinburgh Penny Post [was] influential in establishing the pattern for the Provincial English Penny Posts that followed.“

    Part 2. The Edinburgh Penny Post

    Before the advent of the Edinburgh Penny Post, messages were carried around the city by your own servants or you could hire a Caddie (the town’s licensed class of porters and messengers) or pay a trustworthy child to run the errand. It was also the job of the Caddie to know everyone and everything, they acted as an informal news, communications and intelligence network.

    An Edinburgh Caddie, by David Allan. Note the numbered badge of his trade, his licence to work, worn on the jacket breast. CC-by-NC National Galleries Scotland

    The first Penny Post was established in London by William Dockwra in 1680, but he quickly fell foul of the General Post Office (GPO) monopoly and the fact his service was thought to be carrying seditious letters, it was seized from him, his patent forfeit and was ordered to pay £2,000 compensation. But you can’t keep a good idea down, and in 1765 an act was passed (Postage Act 1765) permitting licensed Penny Posts in provincial towns and cities. Although Williamson established his post in 1773, it was not until 1776 that he was formally granted permission from the Postmaster General for his service. His network in the city operated from 9AM to 9PM each day and for an English penny (paid up front, or on delivery) you could send a letter or small packet within one English mile of the Mercat Cross, north, south, east or west, and to Leith. The service to the latter, the city’s port, operated 8 times a day in both directions, between 8AM and 7PM.

    Williamson’s Penny Post stamps, for mail sent payment on delivery (left) or paid in advance (right). These stamps are thought to have been made by Williamson himself from his experience of his printing press.

    Four postmen were employed, who carried a hand bell to advertise their presence and wore a service cap with the name “Williamson’s Penny Post” painted or embroidered on it in silver and who were paid 4 shilling and 6 pence per week. The story goes that the caps were numbered 1, 4, 8 and 16 to make it appear as if the business was 4 times bigger than it really was. Knowing Williamson’s inventive abilities for self promotion, this does not seem that far fetched to be true. Of only one of the postmen do we have any sort of an insight, a highlander by the name of Donald Mackintosh who hailed from the vicinity of from near Blair Atholl and Killiecrankie. Mackintosh would have been in his thirties at this time and his task was described as a “his “useful though humble vocation”. He would later rise to prominence in his own right as an Episcopalian clergyman and a scholar of Scottish Gaelic.

    Illustration by Will Nickless, 1962, purporting to show one of Williamson’s Penny Post men delivering a letter.

    It was not only the four postmen who collected letters, they could also be dropped off at a network of 18 “receiving houses” in the city and Leith, which were pre-existing shops that Williamson had convinced to act as post offices. His carriers would call at them on their rounds to collect any deposited letters for onward delivery. He listed these in the directory, making it relatively easy to plot them to a map. At this stage the New Town could be served by a single receiving house on St. Andrew Street, the Canongate and southern suburbs both each by a single house too. The 1775 directory had a slightly refined network, with the concentration in the centre of the High Street reduced, additional houses in each of the Canongate and Southside and an additional house in Leith.

    Williamson’s network of receiving houses in 1773-74, as listed in his directory. The red triangle is the GPO on North Bridge. Overlaid on Kincaid’s plan of Edinburgh (1784) and Wood’s plan of Leith (1777), both reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    Much of the business for the Penny Post came from the men of the law that Williamson was already ingratiated with – reflected in the concentration of receiving houses around the Parliament Square – as it was they who had a business need to communicate quickly and frequently across the city. They knew him well: he was both in their fold but an outsider in the city hierarchy; he had long overheard their intimate business discussions in his tavern and coffee house without making a nuisance of himself. He was therefore a man to be trusted with their secrets.

    A letter sent by Williamson’s Penny Post, to Mr William Brodie at Mr Robert Donaldson’s, Writer to the Signet, New Town

    But it was not just the city’s lawyers and merchants who found use for the Penny Post. It offered an important new opportunity to women, as for the first time they could begin to converse privately through writing, away from the prying eyes of the servants who up until that time would have been entrusted with carrying letters. One exceptional romance is recorded as taking place discretely though Williamson’s delivery network; that of Robert Burns and Agnes Maclehose, known either as his Nancy, or Clarinda. In all, this flourishing written courtship amounted to 88 letters, carried by the Penny Post, and what Sir Walter Scott described as “the most extraordinary mixture of sense and nonsense, and of love human and divine, that was ever exposed to the eye of the world“. Burns, bedridden at the time after injuring his leg, was lodgning near the St. Andrew Street receiving house in the New Town and Nancy was but a short distance from the branch on Chapel Street, just beyond the Potterrow. On some days the couple would exchange as many as two letters each, in both directions.

    Mrs Agnes McLehose, c. 1840s, Artist unknown. CC-by-NC National Galleries Scotland

    Even at this early stage, in a relatively small city, the correct addressing of mail was an issue for the Penny Post and Williamson had to print begging notices in his directories pleading for letters to be clearly and non-ambiguously addressed.

    To The Public, a notice in Williamson’s directory asking for mail to be clearly addressed

    One of Williamson’s receiving houses was the premises of John Wilson, a bookseller who had one of the shops in the colonnade in front of the Royal Exchange (now the City Chambers). Wilson also sold Williamson’s directories and happened to be his father-in-law. He is absent from the later versions of the list of Receiving Houses. This is with good reason; Williamson had separated for his wife – Jean Wilson – having accused her both of serial adultery and also of interfering with the Penny Post and misappropriating its profits. She had also cut him off from access to his children, including the eldest daughter who made a reasonable addition to the family income as a mantua maker (specialising in making ladies’ mantles) and with her father had set up a rival operation to try and run Peter out of business! But if the story so far has taught us anything, it is that when he was down, Peter Williamson was never out, and he would come back fighting. Once more he turned to his friends in the legal establishment and he built up an indestructible case against his wife. He cited nineteen different servants, doctors and lawyers as witnesses; she put up none in defence. She tried to get Williamson to pay for her legal defence, the court found that she had left him in forma pauperis (in the manner of a pauper; unable to pay) which further damaged her reputation. Williamson was granted divorce in his favour in March 1789 and regained control of his businesses and custody of his children. To recoup his losses from this case, he published a sensational account of his wife’s “crimes” against him, which having been proven in court he had no need to worry about being sued over.

    In all, Williamson would run his Penny Post successfully for 19 years, it returning him on average a profit of £50 per annum (about £6,500 in 2023). However the reality was that he was ageing, and his energy for self promotion, fighting off the competition and keeping his postmen in check was waning. In 1790 Francis Freeling, the secretary to the Postmaster General, visited Edinburgh and observed the Penny Post in action. Suitably impressed, on his return to London he recommended to his superior that the GPO should take the service over and run it for itself. A younger Williamson may have tried to resist, but he sensibly acquiesced to authority and in 1793 the GPO took over the service. But true to form, he did not hand it over before overstating both his age and his financial dependence on the Post in a letter to the Postmaster General, ensuring he received a pension of £25 for life in return for relinquishing control.

    We have also to beg your Lordships permission to authorise us to allow Mr. Williamson of Edinburgh £25 per annum, he having long had the profits of 1d. a letter on certain letters forwarded through his receiving house in Edinburgh, which he will lose by our having established a penny post there.

    Passage from a letter from the Postmaster General to the Treasury, requesting Williamson’s pension, 17th July 1793
    A Victorian postman of the GPO in 1820, from the cover of the sheet music for a popular song “The Postman’s Knock”.

    The GPO quickly adapted the service to their own practices, cutting down both the number of receiving houses – from 18 to 9, the number of collections to 5 per day and the number of deliveries to 3; but at relatively fixed times of morning 98AM), early evening and late evening (7PM). They increased the number of postmen to 20 and by 1817 there were 30.

    Part 3. Williamson’s Postal Directories

    Williamson’s other great innovation in 1773-74 was the collation and publication of a postal directory for the city. (You can view this directory for yourself here, on the website of the National Library of Scotland.) He described it himself thusly:

    An alphabetical list of the names and places of abode of the members of the college of justice; public and private gentlemen; merchants, and other eminent traders;  mechanics and all persons in public business; where at one view you have a plain Direction, pointing out the Streets, Wynds, Closes, Lands and other Places of their Residence, in and about this Metropolis. Together with Separate Lists of the Magistrates, Court of Session and Court of Exchequer, the Constables of Edinburgh, Canongate and Leith, Carriers, etc.

    Descriptive preface to Williamson’s first postal directory

    This was the first comprehensive directory of anyone who was anyone in the city, what they did and where they were based. Williamson also includes useful information such as the boundaries of parishes, the members of the town council, the constables, and lists of carriers, the days they depart and where they operated from and to, and of course a list of his own Penny Post receiving houses. He operated this as a vertically-integrated business; he gathered the contents, published and printed it on his own presses, used it to advertise his Penny Post system and sold it himself at his own bookshop.

    An extract of the first 4 pages of entries under the letter A for Williamson’s first Postal Directory of Edinburgh, 1773-74. CC-by 4.0 National Library of Scotland

    To produce the publication, Williamson claimed to have visited every address in the city to compile details of the occupants and their professions. Many were suspicious of his motives and would not consent to give their details, which resulted in an incomplete listing that has a large appendix of late additions, which made it hard to use. A unique and cumbersome feature of the first directory was that within each letter of the alphabet, he sub-organised the contents by profession. While this makes it harder to find what you are looking for, it is a fascinating insight into the rigid social and professional hierarchies of the city at this time and perhaps the relative esteem with which Williamson himself held each class of profession. In all, the directory lists 3,914 individuals and 130 different occupations, some of which I have grouped together for convenience (e.g. shoemakers and clogmakers; barbers, wigmakers and hairdressers). The table below ranks professions with the the highest 15 and lowest 15 positions in the directory in the 1773-74 directory.

    Rank“Highest 15” professionsRank“Lowest 15” professions1Advocates (barristers)15Baxters (bakers)2Clerks/ Writers to the Signet14Fleshers (butchers)3Lords’ and Advocates’ Clerks13Barbers, Wigmakers & Hairdressers4Writers (solicitors)12Candlemakers5Procurators (prosecutors)11Shoe & Clogmakers6Exchequer10Taylors & staymakers7Physicians9Weavers8Ministers8School masters, teachers, academics9Noblemen, Gentlemen, Ladies and Gentlewomen7Milliners & Mantua-makers10Bankers6Excisemen11Merchants5Stablers12Grocers4Engravers13Ship-masters3Bookbinders14Surgeons2Confectioners15Brewers1Room setters (letting agents) & boarders

    The contents of this directory also allow us to easily total up the relative frequency of the different occupations amongst the entries and plot them as a chart (below). From this we can observe that a full quarter of the entries are for the Incorporated Trades (i.e. the officially recognised and established trade and craft associations of the city, such as bakers, butchers, goldsmiths, taylors, weavers etc.). A further fifth are the men of the law, and a tenth are the merchants. This is fully unsurprising for a city built upon the prosperity and power of these groups. We can see that the nobility, by volume, are a relatively small component, and while print, medicine and education are relatively small contributions, these are three industries that will flourish in Edinburgh in the next 100 years and that the city will become synonymous with.

    There are no street numbers in any of Williamson’s Directories until 1784. Prior to this, locations are simple, relatively vague and purely descriptive such as “head of Baillie Fyfe’s Close” or “Grassmarket, south side“. The introduction of numbers at first was just for the New Town and small parts of the Southside of the city (Nicolson Street and Chapel Street), the exception being James’ Court, which at the time was an exclusive address.

    Although he originally intended to produce only a single directory, in the end they were such a success that Williamson published them for 17 years. For his final directory, that for a two year period of 1790-92, he subcontracted the printing out to Campbell Denovan, but retained the rights to sell a certain volume of copies exclusively. From 1794 the Edinburgh directories would be published by Thomas Aitchison, and then again the Denovans in 1804 before the Post Office itself took over in 1805 (although the printing was still local in Edinburgh). These later directories conform very closely to the style and structure first set out by Williamson, a testament to his ability to bring a systematic and ordered approach to what was a very chaotic city.

    Williamson exercised this latter talent in what is a remarkable document, known either as “Williamson’s Broadside” or “An Accurate View of All the Streets, Wynds, Squares, and Closes of the City of Edinburgh, Suburbs, and Canongate, on both sides of the High-street, from the Castle to Holyrood-house, agreeable to the names they are at present known by, together with those in the New Town and Leith.”. This large printed page was a comprehensive list of all the closes and streets of the city and Leith, and their relative order and position to each other and the principal landmarks. An invaluable reference then, it is even more so now for modern eyes interested in where the old streets and closes were located and what names were in use. Ever the man with an eye on business, the corners of the page advertise other products and services sold by Williamson such as his Penny Post, stamps for marking books and linen, printed funeral announcement cards, and a form of fortune-telling cards he printed.

    Williamson’s Broadside, folded up. You can view the full sheet at the below link to the Book of the Old Edinburgh Club.

    You can view the full broadside for yourself in a chapter that starts on Page 261 of volume 22 (original series) of the Book of the Old Edinburgh Club, published in 1939, which is digitised online here.

    With his Penny Posts in the hands of the GPO and his directories with Campbell Denovan, Peter Williamson retired with his pension and what was left of his profits from these businesses (he claimed his wife and father-in-law had robbed him of fully three quarters of the latter) and took up a tavern in the Lawnmarket. He died in January 1799, and was buried in “The full panoply of a Delaware chief” in the grave of Mr. J. Scott, some distance north-east of William Nicol, beneath a stone surmounted by an urn.

    Part 4. Street Numbering and Re-Numbering

    Street numbering in Edinburgh started in the early 1780s, Williamson’s directories first reflecting it in 1784. It progressed as the New Town itself expanded, and the practice slowly began to spread to other parts of the city. Streets with only one side were simply numbered in a series from one upwards. However at this time there was no agreed manner by which to number doors in streets with two sides (which was most of them!) Three principal methods existed and all were implemented and existed side-by-side with no consistent approach – indeed the New Town used all three!

    • The first method used is that with which we are familiar today: one side of a street has even numbers and the other has odd numbers, and the numbers increase in series as you move along the street.
    • The second method was a “there and back again” method, whereby numbering progressed in an increasing series of odd and even numbers from number 1, up one side of the street, to the end, and then back down the other side. This meant that the highest and lowest numbers of the street were opposite each other. Nicolson Street was one street that used this method of numbering.
    Nicolson Street on a map of Edinburgh by John Ainslie, 1804. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland
    • The third method was that of “northside / southside”. In this system, the street sides were named north and south (or east and west) and each side was numbered from 1 upwards in a continuous series. As a result, each number was duplicated, No. 1 North Side and No. 1 South Side were opposite each other, and without specifying which side of the street a letter was intended for or an advert was referring to one could easily end up with the wrong door.
    A section of George Street on a map of Edinburgh by John Ainslie, 1804. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    By 1811 the system (if you could call it that) was in chaos, as not only was there no consistent methodology but demolitions, new buildings and subdivisions had caused numbering sequences to become haphazard and out of sequence. Something had to be done, and done it was. Despite a curious lack of historical record in either the City Archives or contemporary newspapers, on Whitsunday 1811 there was a wholesale and systematic renumbering of much of the City which had been numbered up to that point. The Caledonian Mercury contains one of the few examples evidencing this wholesale change:

    Caledonian Mercury – Saturday 27 April 1811

    The new numbering system split the city into quadrants, using the east-west axis of the High Street and the north-south axis of the Bridges and St. Andrew Street (shown as the yellow line on the map below). Within each of these quadrants, streets with two sides would be numbered with odd doors on one side and evens on the other, and the number series would increase as you moved away from the axis (shown by the blue lines on the map below) – so in theory the numbers always increase as you move away from the centre point of the quadrants. The system placed the odd numbered doors on your right and the even numbered doors on your left as you walked along any street in the direction of increasing numbers.

    The street re-numbering axes and directions of increasing numbers, overlaid on a map of Edinburgh by John Ainslie, 1804. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    There were of course exceptions to the system. The Grassmarket ran in the “wrong” direction, retaining its former door numbering order which increased towards the axis. The Cowgate passes underneath the South Bridge axis, so one half of it (the western end) was inevitably not going to be able to conform. The east west axis – the “Royal Mile” of the Canongate, High Street, Lawn Market and Castle Hill – was numbered in two sequences. The first was the Canongate, uphill from the palace of Holyroodhouse to old burgh boundary with Edinburgh at the Netherbow. The High Street, Lawnmarket and Castle Hill were numbered into one continuous uphill sequence from the Netherbow. It is for this reason that to this day, the Lawnmarket street numbers start at 300 (evens) and 435 (odds), and there are no numbers 2 to 298 or 1 to 433 Lawnmarket. Similarly the numbering on the Castlehill starts at 348 (evens) and 525 (odds). Other oddities include Great King Street, where the evens are on your right instead of the odds, and South Bridge, which retained the old “there and back again” numbering and still does to this day (this is despite the North Bridge and Nicolson Street, its northern and southern extensions, being re-numbered)

    The street numbering of the South Bridge, on Ainslie’s Town Plan of 1804. The map has been rotated by 90 degrees for clarity. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    The First New Town of Edinburgh, that part planned out by James Craig and that existed prior to 1811, conforms almost perfectly to the rules of the 1811 numbering system. On the map below, the red arrows show the street numbers ascend in the correct directions. The squares of Charlotte and St. Andrew are ordered in a clockwise manner. The Northern or Second New Town, the section north of Queen Street Gardens was developed from 1800 onwards so conformed to the scheme too (with the exception of the already noted Great King Street). The “Moray Feu” extension of the New Town, shown in the blue arrows, was developed from 1822 and conformed with the 1811 scheme, with the anomaly of Great Stuart Street, which is interrupted by Ainslie Place, so you have to pass through the latter to get to the other side of the former.

    Edinburgh map by Bartholomew, 1891. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    The West End (green arrows on the map above) was feud from the estate of Walker of Coates from 1813 onwards and took its own, haphazard approach as it developed in a piecemeal manner. Queensferry Street is numbered in a “there and back again” nature; the numbers on some streets ascend in the right direction, but with the odds and evens on the wrong sides; Drumsheugh Gardens increases in an anti-clockwise manner, and towards the Dean Bridge; the street is Lynedoch Place on one side and Randolph Cliff on the other, each with its own numbering sequence. Princes Street in the First New Town posed an interesting test for the system. We think of it as being only a street built on one side, but there is of course a single block built on the south side at its eastern end. This was originally individual properties and prior to 1811 these were numbered in their own series as “Princes Street South Side”. The principal, northern side of the street did not need the geographic qualifier.

    The east end of Prince’s Street as shown on Kincaid’s Town Plan of 1784. Note numbers 1-5 on the south side, and 1 upwards on the north. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    The 1811 re-numbering decided to treat the street as if it had a single side, with numbers 1-9 allocated to the south side, and the northern side numbered from 10 upwards. This arrangement was broken in 1898 when the block to the south was demolished to make way for the North British Railway Hotel (now The Balmoral), which took the number 1; numbers 2 to 9 Princes Street have therefore never existed ever since.

    East End of Princes Street, as shown on Kirkwood’s Town Plan of 1819. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    In 1826 it was reported in the local press that a wholesale renumbering of the “suburbs” has been completed, that street names had now been painted on the corners and that a move was being made to begin painting up the names of the closes of the Old Town.  The considered order of this new system was not to last however. By 1826, properties on Princes Street were plagued with subdivision of the original houses into commercial premises, requiring the Town Council to approve the use of A, B, C etc. to distinguish each new door from its original number. By 1856, the Cowgate was said to be in “a most hopeless state of darkness” and in 1869 the Lawnmarket was “greatly confused and unintelligible”. However a systematic approach was never taken again, and renumbering thereafter took place on a case-by-case basis, approved by a special council committee. Exceptions and curiosities still prevail however. Summerhall Place, for instance, was re-numbered as 5 to 13 Causewayside in 1935. However the uproar this provoked in its residents caused it to be renamed back to Summerhall Place, but with the numbers in the Causewayside sequence retained: to this day the latter street still starts its numbering of odd doors at number 15.

    Part 5. Street Naming and Re-Naming

    Street names, even those we are most familiar with, do not always remain the same forever and some change before they are even built. An early copy of James Craig’s original printed plan of the New Town from 1767 has the streets we know now as Princes, George and Queen referred to instead as simply the South, Principal and North; the names were yet to be decided.

    Copy of James Craig’s 1767 New Town Plan © City of Edinburgh Council

    A later copy of the same year, which James Craig apparently took to London, had named these streets as St. Giles Street (after the patron saint of the City), George Street (for the King, George III) and Forth Street, an unofficial innovation of Craig’s own doing, probably on account of the views it commanded towards that body of water. The magistrates of the city were unhappy with Forth Street and the King – who was shown the copy during Craig’s visit to London – was displeased with St. Giles, as he associated that name with the London district of the same name which had a reputation as a slum, hardly befitting his glorious new capital of North Britain.

    A poor quality facsimile of an engraving of 1767 of Craig’s New Town Plan, showing unfamiliar street names. Thank you to Rob Ralston for helping to source this grainy copy in an 1971 paper in an obscure journal.

    The King’s Scottish physician – Sir John Pringle – sent a letter expressing the displeasure and making some suggestions for improvement to Lord Provost Laurie, and a new copy was made, with George Street central, flanked by Queen Street to the north, and Prince’s Street to the south for George, Prince of Wales. With the cross-streets including Hanover and Frederick (the second son), the King approved and this new trend of naming streets in the city – to the glory of the reigning dynasty – was instituted. Prior to this, nearly all the street names in the city had been functional, describing the builder, owner or principal occupant(s). . An old saying amongst Edinburgh schoolboys – to help them remember – went; “The Queen and the Prince, the Rose and the Thistle, and King George in the Middle”.

    You may have noticed in these earlier maps that illustrate Princes Street that some use the form “Prince’s Street” and that others use the more familiar “Princes”. So which is it? The simple answer is both, but never Princes’ Street! The table below gives the varieties used for Princes Street and George Street from the first royally approved plans of 1767 to 1831. The matter was finally settled in 1846 for Princes Street when the GPO street directories finally abandoned the original form of Prince’s Street. That Princes Street was named for two Princes is categorically not the case, it is not a plural, it is a possessive case, it is one where the apostrophe has been lost over time; it was for Prince George and Prince George alone, his brother Prince Frederick got Frederick Street.

    MapmakerYearForm of Princes Street UsedForm of George Street UsedJames Craig1767Prince’s GeorgeJohn Andrews1771 Princes GeorgeAndrew Bell1773 Princes GeorgesJohn Ainslie1780Prince’s GeorgeAlexander Kincaid1784Prince’sGeorge’sDaniel Lizars1787Prince’s GeorgeT. Brown & J. Watson1793 PrincesGeorge’sThomas Aitchison1794Prince’s GeorgeJohn Ainslie1804 Princes GeorgesRobert Scott1805 Princes GeorgeGPO1807Prince’s GeorgeRobert Kirkwood1817 Princes GeorgeThomas Brown1818 Princes GeorgesRobert Kirkwood1819 Princes GeorgeRobert Kirkwood1821Prince’s GeorgeRobert Scott1822 Princes GeorgeJohn Wood1823 Princes GeorgeJames Knox1825Prince’s GeorgeJohn Wood1831 Princes GeorgeTable showing the spelling of Princes and George Street used from 1767 to 1831 on maps of the city.

    Another change in the planned New Town streetnames affected the Northern explansion around 1806; the streets planned with the Latin names of Caledonia Street, Hibernia Street and Anglia Street were Anglicised to Scotland, Dublin and London Streets respectively before any shovels were in the ground. At the same time, a planned Albion Row was merged with the start of Albany Street and took the latter name.

    Ainslies’ town plan of 1804 showing planned Caledonia, Hibernia, Anglia Streets and Albion Row. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    An opposite issue to renaming a street occurred in 1803, when Mrs Maxwell of Carriden (Mary Charlotte Bouverie) complained that her house was on a street with no name! She lived at the extreme west end of the First New Town, where the as-yet unnamed street to the west of Charlotte Square met Princes Street. A disagreement with the Moray Estate over land boundaries meant that the original planned street on the west side of Charlotte Square was never built, and what had been constructed had been given no name. This was resolved by Christening this portion Hope Street, after Charles Hope of Granton, Lord Advocate and the local MP (this is the explanation given by Stuart Harris. An explanation may be that it was for Admiral Sir George Hope of Carriden, a 2nd cousin of Lord Granton). The following year we find a Miss Blair in the Post Office directory for Hope Street.

    Kincaid’s Town Plan (left) of 1784, showing the never built western side of Charlotte Square (then still planned as St. George’s Square) and Ainslie’s Town Plan (right) of 1804, showing the compromised updated designs for the west side of Charlotte Square, with the southwest portion now known as Hope Street. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    An idiosyncrasy of some Edinburgh streets is where the road has one name, but the street addresses along it have another. This is normally the result of a planned or pre-existing street being built along in a piecemeal, protracted manner. A good example of this is London Road, a planned new roadway into the city from the east formed around 1819, but where development along it took around 80 years to complete. Individual street blocks of houses were named by their landowner or builder, after themselves, family connections, royalty, battles, topography, pre-existing local names and more, with opposite sides of the same road frequently having different addresses. In its 1.4 mile Length, there are 19 different street addresses, with London Road itself being the address for relatively few premises.

    1944 OS Town Plan of London Road overlaid with the street addresses of the premises along it. Reproduced with the permission of the National Library of Scotland

    Another point in case is Leith Walk, a historic walking route between Edinburgh and its port that was only very gradually developed into a carriageway and built along. From the very top (the south or Edinburgh end) of “the Walk” – beginning at current Picardy Place, the facing “pairs” of places on opposite sides of the road went Union Place / Greenside Place; Antigua Street / Baxters Place; Gayfield Place & Haddington Place / Elm Row; Croall Place / Brunswick Place; Albert Place / Shrub Place; George Place / Crichton Place. At this point we reach the Leith and Edinburgh boundary at Pilrig Street.

    The Leith end of Leith Walk, Pilrig Street north (down) towards the Foot of the Walk. From Old & New Edinburgh by James Grant.

    Continuing down into Leith, the historic addresses went Fyfe Place; Kings Place; Orchardfield / Heriot Buildings; Springfield; Ronaldson’s Buildings; Stead’s Place / Anderson Place; Allison’s Place; Whitfield’s Place / Macneill’s Place; Cassell’s Place / Queen’s Place. In 1933, the council street naming committee made a proposal to merge Leith Walk and Leith Street into a continuous numbering sequence and to remove all the older intermediate addresses. Options included calling the whole length simply “Leith Walk”; splitting it into a “Leith Walk South” and “Leith Walk North”; extending Leith Street north to London Road, with everything north of that being Leith Walk. This proposal was never taken forward, and it is only on the Leith half of Leith Walk (i.e. north of Pilrig Street) where the houses are named and numbered as Leith Walk. On the Edinburgh side, the traditional names remains to this day, even though the roadway itself is formally called Leith Walk.

    Street renaming generally took place on a case-by-case basis, usually to remove a duplicate name. An exception was a wholesale renaming and de-duplication exercise undertaken in a systematic way between 1965-69 upon the introduction of Post Codes for sending mail. This caused an issue where the traditional use of the old post towns or burghs to disambiguate between streets in the formerly separate burghs of Edinburgh, Leith and Portobello was superseded by simply using “Edinburgh” and the post code. At least 56 streets were renamed in this period, with the general practice being that the Edinburgh name was kept and any duplicates in Leith or Portobello (or both!) were renamed. This resulted in 15 old Leith street names and 8 in Portobello being lost and changed. There were exceptions however, and 5 Edinburgh names were changed where they conflicted with Leith, 4 Leith names were changed where they conflicted with Portobello and 3 Portobello names were changed where they conflicted with Leith.

    Amongst others, Edinburgh lost its Pitt Street (to Dundas Street), Duke Street (to Dublin Street), Chapel Lane (to Cathedral Lane), Mitchell Street (to Peffer Place). Leith lost its George Street (to North Fort Street), Queen Street (to Shore Place), Albany Street (to Portland Street), Bank Street (to Seaport Street). Portobello lost its Hope Street (to Rosefield Street), Ramsay Lane (to Beach Lane), Melville Street (to Bellfield Street), Pitt Street (to Pittville Street). The village of Newhaven lost its St. Andrew’s Square (to Fishmarket Square) to avoid confusion with St. Andrew Square in Edinburgh, and it lost its Parliament Square (to Great Michael Square) for the same reason. Across the city as a whole, multiple streets with “Church” or “Hope” in their name were also altered to avoid potential duplicates or ambiguity.

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  28. Dave J 🔜 AlphaCon @[email protected] ·

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  29. Thom @[email protected] ·

    Un peu de démago pour calculer le temps nécessaire afin de trouver les mots de passe avec un ordi. Les élèves ont dû refaire le tableau et ensuite on a un peu papoté sur les 2/3min restantes sur ce qu'il y a dedans.

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  30. Marcel SIneM(S)US @[email protected] ·

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