Live and recent posts from across the Fediverse tagged #mucosalimmunology, aggregated by home.social.
Postdoctoral Fellow in Gut Microbiota-Immune Interactions
University of Michigan
The position is to train at a productive immunology research laboratory at the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, Michigan
See the full job description on jobRxiv: https://jobrxiv.org/job/university-of-michigan-27778-postdoctoral-fellow-2/
#colitis #microbiota #mucosalimmunology #Tcell #ScienceJobs #h...
https://jobrxiv.org/job/university-of-michigan-27778-postdoctoral-fellow-2/?fsp_sid=14960
'A subset of regulatory T cells expressing the transcription factor RORγ decreased in frequency in the colon and cecum after activation of spinal sensory neurons expressing the pain receptor Trpv1. These neurons communicated with the T cells directly through the calcitonin gene–related peptide.'
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adk1679
'Here, we established a mouse model of sexual dimorphism during GI colonization by MRSA. Our results show that in contrast to male mice that were susceptible to persistent colonization, female mice rapidly cleared MRSA from the GI tract following oral inoculation in a manner dependent on the gut microbiota.'
#Immunology #Preprint #MucosalImmunology
"A diverse set of pulmonary inflammatory stimuli, including resolved antecedent respiratory infections with S. aureus or influenza, ongoing pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection, ovalbumin/alum-induced asthma or airway administration of defined TLR ligands and recombinant cytokines, all establish an antiviral state in the lung that restricts SARS-CoV-2 replication upon infection."
#covid19 #Covid #Virology #Immunology #MucosalImmunology #Preprint
"Here we show that deletion of ST2, the receptor for interleukin (IL)-33, on Treg cells increased granulocyte influx into the lung and increased cytokine production by innate lymphoid and γδ T cells without alteration of adaptive immunity to influenza."
#immunology #MucosalImmunology
'Although mouse and human MAIT cell transcriptomes showed similarities for immature cells in the thymus, they diverged more strikingly in the periphery. Analysis of pet store mice demonstrated decreased lung MAIT17 cells in these so-called “dirty” mice, indicative of an environmental influence on MAIT cell subsets and function.'
"Although type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) were not required for initial priming of CD4+ T cells, cDC1s were required for CD4+ T cell expansion and gut homing. cDC1s were also a major source of IL-12 that was not required for priming but promoted full differentiation of CD4+ T cells and local production of IFN-γ. Together, these studies reveal distinct roles for cDC1s in shaping CD4+ T cell responses to enteric infection: first to drive early expansion in the mesLN and second to drive effector responses in the gut."
#InfectionImmunity #Immunology #MucosalImmunology #parasitology #Preprint
"Despite the high success of the current COVID-19 vaccines, there are several limitations, including their reduced effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 VoCs, short duration of protection, inability to induce a mucosal immune response to protect the airways, and high cost of production or distribution (11, 12). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the next generation of intranasal COVID-19 vaccines which induce durable and broadly protective immunity, both in the airways and systemically."
The lung mycobiome & anti-tumor immunity
"Our study revealed that the intratumor mycobiome, albeit at low biomass, plays an important role in stimulating the immunosuppressive TME and thereby promotes lung tumor progression and is associated with poor patient outcome."
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S153561082300288X
"Salmonella Typhimurium mutants for spermidine transport and synthesis cannot mount an antioxidative response, resulting in high intracellular ROS levels. These mutants are also compromised in their ability to be phagocytosed by macrophages"
#Microbiology #Preprint #Salmonella #MucosalImmunology #immunology
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.29.560257v1?med=mas
'Here, we have shown that IgA B cell receptor (BCR) is required for B cell fitness during the germinal center (GC) reaction in Peyer’s patches (PPs) and for generation of gut-homing plasma cells (PCs).'
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology
https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00374-6
"Here we find, in a clinical cohort of at-risk infants, broad spectrum antibiotic treatment, including cephalosporins, increased the risk of late-onset sepsis in neonates in comparison to penicillin base treatments"
#Preprint #Immunology #MucosalImmunology
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.09.04.23295031v1
'Although infection and these translocated effector proteins are restricted to intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), type I dendritic cells (cDC1) were required to generate CD8+ T cell responses to these model antigens.'
"Patients with Crohn’s disease have increased levels of anti-S. cerevisiae antibodies (which detect mannan, a common component of the fungal cell wall. Measurement of these antibodies can be used to distinguish between Crohn’s disease & ulcerative colitis"
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41575-023-00816-w?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter
'In conclusion, mitochondrial perturbation of the epithelium causes dysbiotic expansion of Bacteroides spp., supporting the concept that microbe-host cross-talk contributes to metabolic injury in intestinal inflammation.'
#Preprint #HostPathogen #metabolism #Immunology #MucosalImmunology
'We show here that lipid-mediated engagement of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells with enterochromaffin (EC) cells, a subset of intestinal epithelial cells, promoted peripheral serotonin (5-HT) release via a CD1d-dependent manner, regulating gut motility and hemostasis.'
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology #Neuroimmunology
https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00236-4
“Overall, this paper shows for the first time a unique population of macrophages that emerges specifically during lactation and is of interest to immunologists, particularly macrophage biologists."
'Here, we aimed to understand how closely related strains with overlapping metabolic capacities can co-bloom (i.e., both strains reaching high densities) in the mammalian gut and how this promotes the spread of antibiotic resistance plasmids.'
#HostPathogen #microbiology #mucosalimmunology
https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/fulltext/S1931-3128(23)00222-6
There's more to gasdermin than just proptosis.
'Our study supports that differential cleavage of GSDMD can be understood as a regulatory hub controlling immunity versus tolerance in the small intestine.'
#Immunology #mucosalimmunology
Molecular atlas for Crohn's disease & ulcerative colitis in patients receiving anti-TNF.
'We describe a therapeutic atlas for Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) following anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. We generated ~1 million single-cell transcriptomes, organised into 109 cell states, from 216 gut biopsies from 38 patients and three controls, revealing disease- and therapy-specific differences.'
#Preprint #IBD #ulcerativecolitis #crohnsdisease #immunology #TNF #immunotherapy #mucosalimmunology
"However, T cell responses to dietary antigen have primarily been characterized using monoclonal T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic systems which do not represent a physiological immune response. Polyclonal CD4+ T cell responses to food, including TCR-specific selection and functional differentiation, remain largely uncharacterized and are critical for understanding mechanisms of tolerance and allergy."
Lockhart, @mucida et al
A new preprint from Ainsley Lockhart & @mucida has, as the cool kids say, just dropped:
"Dietary protein shapes the profile and repertoire of intestinal CD4+ T cells"
#immunology #MucosalImmunology #preprint
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.11.536475v1?med=mas
" Treatment of nasal cultures with type 2 cytokine IL-13 to mimic asthmatic airways differentially impacts HCoV receptor availability as well as replication. MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 expression increases with IL-13 treatment, whereas ACE2, the receptor used by SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63, is down-regulated. IL-13 treatment enhances MERS-CoV and HCoV-229E replication but reduces that of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63, reflecting the impact of IL-13 on HCoV receptor availability."
Oh hey IgA ...Very interested to see what @ImmunoFever @JenGommerman @SalmaSheikhM_ @toxicWeeCell and @awyllie13 think about this one... doesn't look like secretory component/secretory chain was teased out #MucosalImmunology #IgA https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-37368-1
---
RT @ahandvanish
New paper on CD8+ T cells in #LongCovid that is way over my head; anyone have a simple explanation?
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41…
https://twitter.com/ahandvanish/status/1643006628189425664
"A potential mechanism for the failure of oral vaccines is the local outgrowth of RORγt+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in the small intestine that limits mucosal inflammation and immune reactivity but not systemic immune responses, since systemic infection is most dangerous to the host."
'Here, we show that in a mouse model of MS, T cell-specific Ahrknockout leads to recovery driven by a decrease in T cell fitness. At the mechanistic level, we demonstrate that the absence of AHR changes the gut microenvironment composition to generate metabolites that impact T cell viability, such as bile salts and short chain fatty acids.'
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology
Merchak et al @PLOSBiology
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3002000
Find all the reviews from our Microbial IMPACTT review series with Mucosal Immunology in one convenient place: https://www.mucosalimmunology.org/microbial-impactt
#review #immunology #microbiome #mucosalimmunology #germfree #IBD #wildmicrobiome #microbiota #metabolomics #power #samplesize #metabolites
"Here, we demonstrate the induction of both systemic and mucosal antibody responses against HuNoV in suckling mice using recombinant Rhesus rotaviruss expressing HuNoV VP1 or P domain."
#MucosalImmunology #Immunology #rotavirus
"We wanted to understand how goblet cells control the amount of mucus they secrete and why autophagy is needed for proper goblet cell function. Here, we show that autophagy relieves ER stress in goblet cells to facilitate mucus secretion."
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology #GobletCells #autophagy
https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/fulltext/S1931-3128(23)00031-8
"To characterize cell-type-specific transcriptional heterogeneity in active Crohn’s disease, we profiled 720,633 cells from the terminal ileum and colon of 71 donors with varying inflammation status."
#Immunology #MucosalImmunology #crohnsdisease
https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00012-2
"In this study, we characterize the absorption of peptidoglycan across the gut epithelial barrier and its systemic dissemination in the steady-state. In a mouse model, we show that translocation across the intestinal barrier favors the accumulation of peptidoglycan in specific host organs, most notably the brain."