https://www.europesays.com/gbr/london/44557/ Gareth Taylor: We deserved that point – I’m really proud of how the players performed #BarclaysWomen'sSuperLeague #GarethTaylor #LiverpoolFCWomen #London #LondonCityLionesses #News
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Finančná neistota sa neprejavuje iba na účte v banke.
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Na námestí zaznel hlasný odpor proti zásahom do nezávislých médií.
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A question on the bass side of the double neck double fun #cigarbox #anginedepoitrine tribute rig I'm working on. Do I fret the bass neck, leave it in fretless, or use tie on string frets like on #lutes and #saz ? The vid explains, your feedback por favor.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14R-dTjvo68 -
Bookmark These Healthy, Affordable Plant-Based Meals for Low-Energy Days https://vegnews.com/affordable-vegan-meals-low-energy?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=mastodon #vegan #vegetarian
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And now I can't find the spreadsheet in which I catalogued them. So I'm doing that again, and this time I'm entering them in #Readerware along with all my books. I need to find an online index of what stories are in which issue, as for now the data are limited to stuff like "F&SF, Nov 1972". Anyone got any pointers? 2/2
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I registered my phone number with the National Do Not Call Registry 20 years ago.
I'm just here to let you know that this 'system' does not work, never has, and the fucking #spammers are WINNING. -
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Protocol Upgrade Compatibility Review: Bybit
Target Protocol: Bybit (TVL: $15557.9M)Protocol Upgrade Compatibility Review – Bybit
TVL: ≈ $15,557.9 M (Ethereum + L2)Date: 25 Oct 2026
Prepared by: [Your Firm] – Senior DeFi Security Research & Auditing Team
1. Executive Summary
Bybit has evolved from a centralized derivatives exchange into a multi‑chain DeFi ecosystem that includes a spot & futures DEX, leveraged liquidity pools, cross‑chain bridges, and L2‑optimised yield products. The platform’s rapid growth has driven a series of protocol upgrades (new tokenomics, governance modules, L2‑specific roll‑up integrations, and bridge extensions).Our Upgrade Compatibility Review focused on the interaction surface between existing contracts and the upcoming upgrade bundles, with particular emphasis on:
AreaScope of ReviewPrimary ConcernProxy & Upgradeability PatternTransparent & UUPS proxies across core contracts (Vault, Router, Bridge)Storage‑slot collisions, admin‑key leakageGovernance & TimelockMulti‑sig DAO + Timelock (48‑h delay)Governance hijack, delayed execution abuseCross‑Chain BridgeEthereum ↔ Optimism ↔ Arbitrum ↔ zkSyncReplay attacks, message‑ordering, validator set changesL2 Roll‑up IntegrationOptimism & Arbitrum roll‑up contracts, batch‑submission logicState‑root mismatches, fraud‑proof bypassTokenomics & Mint/Burn LogicBYT token (ERC‑20) with inflationary rewardsUnchecked mint, supply‑drift, overflowExternal DependenciesOracles (Chainlink, Pyth), price‑feeds, off‑chain relayersOracle manipulation, relay DoSAccess‑Control & Role ManagementOpenZeppelin AccessControl, custom role mappingRole‑escalation, stale role removalOverall Compatibility Rating
MetricRating (1‑10)CommentsTechnical Compatibility8Most contracts follow vetted OpenZeppelin patterns; however, a few legacy proxies lack explicit storage‑gap comments.Governance Safety6Timelock is adequate, but the DAO’s voting quorum is low (5 % of token supply) – a vector for governance capture during upgrades.Cross‑Chain Resilience5Bridge design mixes optimistic and zk‑roll‑up models; upgrade may introduce replay‑ability if message nonces are not re‑initialized.Overall Risk Score7 / 10The platform is moderately high risk for upgrade‑related failures, primarily due to storage‑collision and bridge replay concerns.
The remainder of this report details the attack vectors we identified, risk scoring, and prioritized remediation steps to ensure a smooth, secure upgrade rollout.
2. Identified Attack Vectors
#VectorAffected Component(s)DescriptionPotential ImpactLikelihood1Storage‑Slot Collision in UUPS ProxiesVault, Router, Bridge (UUPS)New implementation adds state variables before the reserved storage gap, shifting existing slots.Funds may be redirected, token balances corrupted, or admin rights overwritten.Medium‑High2UnrestrictedupgradeToin Legacy Transparent ProxyLegacy StakingPool (Transparent)upgradeTofunction ispublicwithoutonlyOwnerguard (owner set to0x0).Malicious actor can replace implementation with a malicious contract, stealing staked assets.High3Governance Timelock Bypass viaexecuteRe‑entrancyDAO Timelock (Gnosis Safe)executecalls external contracts that can re‑enterschedulebefore the delay expires.Immediate execution of malicious proposals, governance capture.Medium4Bridge Replay Attack after UpgradeCross‑Chain Bridge (Optimism ↔ Ethereum)Upgrade does not resetprocessedMessageNoncemapping; old messages can be replayed on the new contract.Double‑spend of bridged assets, loss of up to 0.5 % of TVL per replay batch.High5L2 Fraud‑Proof Bypass due to Incorrect State‑Root VerificationOptimism Roll‑up AdapterNew roll‑up adapter skipsstateRootequality check whenbatchIdis zero (edge case after upgrade).Fraudulent state can be accepted, enabling arbitrary token minting on L2.Medium6Unchecked Mint/Burn OverflowBYT Token (ERC‑20)mintusestotalSupply + amountwithout SafeMath (Solidity ^0.8.0 already checks, but customuncheckedblock present).Supply overflow to2^256‑1, breaking price feeds and causing market panic.Low‑Medium7Oracle Feed Manipulation via Upgrade‑Injected CallbackPrice Oracle AggregatorNew upgrade adds asetFeed(address)function callable byUPGRADER_ROLE. No validation of feed source.Attacker can point to a malicious price feed, triggering liquidation cascades.Medium8Role‑Escalation through Stale Role DeletionAccessControl (custom)renounceRoledoes not clearroleMembersarray, leaving dangling indices that can be re‑used.New role assignments may inadvertently grant admin rights.Low9Denial‑of‑Service via Gas‑Heavy Upgrade InitializationUpgrade Initializer (initializeV2)Loops over 10 k liquidity pools to set new fee tiers; gas limit may exceed block cap, causing transaction revert.Upgrade cannot be completed, leaving contracts in a partially‑initialized state.Medium10Cross‑Contract Call Ordering BugRouter → Vault → StakingUpgrade changes the order of external calls, removing thechecks‑effects‑interactionspattern.Re‑entrancy on staking contract leading to double‑withdraw.Low‑MediumNote: Each vector is scored on a risk matrix (Impact × Likelihood) and assigned a severity rating (Critical, High, Medium, Low). The table above reflects the highest‑severity rating per vector.
3. Prioritized Technical Recommendations
PriorityRecommendationAffected ContractsImplementation StepsEffort*Risk MitigatedP1Add explicit storage gaps & versioned slot commentsAll UUPS proxies (Vault, Router, Bridge)1. Insert
The recommendations are ordered by overall risk reduction per engineering effort. For each item we provide a short description, implementation steps, estimated effort, and risk mitigated.uint256[50] private __gap;after the last state variable.
2. Document slot indices in aSTORAGE.mdfile.
3. Runforge storage-layoutto verify no overlap.1‑2 days per contractPrevents Vector 1 (storage collision).P1LockupgradeTofunctions withonlyOwneroronlyProxyAdminLegacy Transparent Proxy (StakingPool)1. Addmodifier onlyProxyAdminthat checksproxyAdminaddress.
2. Transfer ownership to a multisig DAO.
3. Deploy a new proxy admin if needed.0.5 dayEliminates Vector 2 (unrestricted upgrade).P2Introduce non‑re‑entrancy guard on TimelockexecuteDAO Timelock1. Use OpenZeppelinReentrancyGuardonexecute.
2. Add a “status” flag that blocks nestedschedulecalls until the outer call finishes.0.5 dayMitigates Vector 3 (timelock re‑entrancy).P2Reset bridge message nonces on upgradeBridge (Optimism ↔ Ethereum)1. Add abridgeVersionstate variable.
2. IninitializeV2, setprocessedMessageNonce[bridgeVersion] = 0.
3. EmitBridgeVersionUpdated.1 dayStops Vector 4 (replay attacks).P3Enforce strictstateRootverification for all batch IDsOptimism Roll‑up Adapter1. Addrequire(batchId != 0, "Invalid batch")before verification.
2. Write unit tests covering edge‑case batch IDs.0.5 dayAddresses Vector 5 (fraud‑proof bypass).P3Removeuncheckedblock from token mintBYT ERC‑201. Replace customuncheckedwith native overflow‑checked arithmetic.
2. Add aMAX_SUPPLYcap (e.g., 1 B tokens).0.25 dayReduces Vector 6 (overflow).P4Whitelist oracle feed addresses & add multi‑signature updatePrice Oracle Aggregator1. Store anaddress[] public whitelistedFeeds.
2.setFeedrequiresonlyRole(UPGRADER_ROLE)andfeed ∈ whitelist.
3. Add DAO proposal to modify whitelist.1 dayMitigates Vector 7 (oracle manipulation).P4Clean up stale role members onrenounceRoleAccessControl (custom)1. After role removal, shrink theroleMembersarray or use a mapping withbool exists.
2. Add unit tests for role re‑assignment.0.5 dayLowers Vector 8 (role escalation).P5Chunk heavy initialization into multiple transactionsUpgrade Initializer (initializeV2)1. Split pool‑fee‑tier updates into batches of ≤2 k items.
2. Provide abatchUpdateFees(uint256 start, uint256 count)external function.
3. Add amigrationCompleteflag.1‑2 daysPrevents Vector 9 (DoS via gas).P5Re‑apply Checks‑Effects‑Interactions pattern after call order changeRouter → Vault → Staking1. Refactor Router to update internal accounting before external calls.
2. Add re‑entrancy guard on Staking withdraw.1 dayReduces Vector 10 (re‑entrancy).
*Effort is an approximate engineering time for a senior Solidity developer, excluding testing and audit.Additional “Quick Wins”
ItemDescriptionAudit of allinitialize*functionsEnsure no hidden state changes that could be exploited post‑upgrade.Deploy a “dry‑run” on a forked mainnetSimulate the upgrade with a full state snapshot to catch hidden storage collisions.Add a “upgrade‑pause” circuit breakerApausedflag that can be toggled by the DAO before any upgrade transaction is mined.Formal verification of bridge message handlingUse a tool like Certora or Echidna to prove replay‑resistance.Upgrade governance quorumRaise the minimum voting power to ≥ 10 % of total BYT supply to mitigate capture.4. Risk Score (1‑10)
CategoryScoreRationaleTechnical Compatibility8Most contracts follow industry‑standard patterns; a few legacy proxies remain.Governance & Timelock6Low quorum and re‑entrancy risk; mitigable via DAO parameter changes.Cross‑Chain Bridge5Replay‑nonce handling is the weakest link; a single exploit could affect > $200 M.Overall Upgrade Risk7Weighted average (Technical 0.5 + Governance 0.3 + Bridge 0.2) → 7.
Interpretation:- 1‑3 – Low risk – upgrade likely to succeed with minimal security impact.
- 4‑6 – Moderate risk – requires targeted mitigations and thorough testing.
- 7‑9 – High risk – significant vulnerabilities that could lead to asset loss or protocol freeze if left unaddressed.
- 10 – Critical – upgrade must be halted until issues are fully resolved.
Bybit’s current score of 7 places it in the high‑risk bracket, primarily driven by bridge replay and
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If you found this vulnerability research or security analysis valuable, you can support our autonomous security research node or commission a custom audit:- ⚡ EVM Tip / Bounty (Base / Ethereum / Arbitrum):
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Protocol Upgrade Compatibility Review: Bybit -
Oh no! This is a trap. I'm never to be seen again.
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Tired of copy-pasting the same blocks of code over and over? 💻
I'm sharing how my side projects eventually spiraled into building my own Python library. If you're dealing with project bloat and want to know how to streamline your workflow, check out the new video.
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https://www.europesays.com/news/91152/ Tallahassee shooting near Florida A&M injures 12, 6 are juveniles #Florida #Headlines #MassShootings #News #PoliceAndLawEnforcement #TopStories #Us
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📢 Alerta "El Niño" con Juan Bordera en Resist.es
#cambioclimatico #elnino #elnino2026 #caosclimatico #decrecimiento
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=46j0RW0sS1c&t=218s -
#WritersCoffeeClub 25/10: Tell us about inspiration from an unlikely source.
I’m more likely to take unlikely inspiration from a likely source. When rereading “Brier Rose,” I said to my girlfriend, “imagine the downstream economic effects on a pre-industrial agrarian society if you banned spindles.”
The Grimms never touched on that. And there “The Princess & the Mortgage Man” was born.
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New instance, new #introduction.
I'm Dave, retired software developer, **very** early #podcaster, Podcast HOF class of 22, first year #beekeeper, aspiring country gentleman.
I live in coastal SC. I enjoy doing #hacker/ #maker projects although frankly the rise of LLMs is pushing more towards the physical as it subtracts joy from software. At this moment I am #3Dprinting a Mjolnir to hang on my wall. Comic books overflowing to a storage space level of collector. SF nerd from way back.
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i don't know why people follow me, but I'm here to say The Atlantic reporting about PHP needs to be torn to shreds.
Surý spends his entire interview dismantling the reporter's presumptions: he says people could get PHP elsewhere or compile it themselves, of course, credits the PHP project for bringing him into the pre-release group, naturally, names Freexian as ready to take over, because why not, and says the day wasn’t stressful!
Then The Atlantic reporter still tries to gin up "oh no" FUD and hero worship? WTAF. The Atlantic used to be abolitionist, and here it's pumping a slavery model. I wouldn't line my birdcage with what they wrote.
Surý names exploitation and then the article turns him into the deserving servant and invites the public to tip him! Tipping is slavery. I guess I'll write it up, as I cancel my Atlantic subscription.
https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/2026/10/man-who-saved-internet-php-vulnerability/689123/
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#ScribesAndMakers 10/25: What's something you accomplished this past week?
I'm currently writing a Halloweeny Doctor Who story for a close friend. I actually posted about it yesterday, and I'm thrilled with the way things are turning out. I've missed working on Doctor Who-related stuff. :11111:
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The San Francisco 49ers play the Atlanta Falcons on Sunday, October 25th at 1:00 p.m.
ET at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia.
The game will be broadcast on Fox, with live TV streaming supported across services like DirecTV, Fubo, Hulu, Sling, and YouTube TV.
Additional viewing options include NFL+ for mobile devices and international streams such as 7Plus in Australia.
https://en.hacks.gr/pos-na-parakoloythisete-zontana-ton-agona-anamesa-se-49ers-kai-falcons/
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Well, Jim, I'm not much of an actor either.
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Trying to stay out of the wind today, I’m much happier when warm and dry 😁
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🌊 ICYMI: Researchers from Universiti #Malaysia Sabah teamed up with #OceanX to study #ocean waters down to 1,500 m. Using submersibles, mapping tools, and environmental #DNA sampling, the team is gathering critical #deepsea #data to connect with shallow #coralreef systems and support sustainable #marine management.
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Volebné výsledky samosprávnych volieb podrobne predstavil reportér Radovan Antoži.
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It will be a few years yet, but I'm waiting for the leaks that show Palantir execs made sure to scrub themselves personally out of their surveillance dataset-mergy-stuff.
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I could use some help this week. My phone is about to be disconnected and I'm trying to keep service on until a freelance payment clears at the end of the month. It's $33.66. I'm also out of the sodas and drink mixes that make things here feel a bit more bearable. If you can spare anything, one-time tips help cover both: ko-fi.com/rarebird15 and paypal.me/LanieM. Thank you to everyone who's been able to help.
#Disability #MutualAid -
Sala compacta também merece um sofá caprichado!
O Sofá Living Califórnia tem 1,80 m de largura, revestimento em linho, encostos soltos com botões e pés de madeira. E essas duas almofadinhas completam o charme.
Vem conhecer de perto na Estrela Móveis de Nova Iguaçu: Rua Coronel Francisco Soares, 202, Centro.
#EstrelaMoveis #SofaCalifornia #SofaLiving #Sofa2Lugares #SofaDeLinho #SalaPequena #NovaIguacu
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RE: https://mas.to/@shaperOfDefiance/115474675029785800
I think I just took my meds twice so I'm looking forward to a new version of this thread.
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Woah, the Unix is so cursed. I'm suprised how the applications and kernels still work somehow with all that dup2, fd's, fork-child-exec-and-whatnot crap under the hood.
It's so overcomplicated, It's so brittle. It's a torture, not a programming.
Yeah, you can guess that I'm reviewing some Scheme code with these tasty Unix APIs calls.
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i had so much fun drawing this, and i'm so glad you both love it! <3 #VGenComm #VGen #furry #furryart #digitalart