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260 results for “srijit”
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[Part 3/3]
I am not sure how encryption issues will be addressed without jeopardising platform security. Also, I lack the legal knowledge to determine if overriding end-to-end encrypted communication is similar to breaking the lock of any door, box, locker, safe, or almirah. Dhruv Garg, a technology lawyer, elaborates on my concerns regarding data privacy under the impending Income Tax Bill [1].> He explained that the bill defines "virtual digital space" broadly, encompassing both digital elements and physical infrastructure like servers. This, he noted, blurs the boundary between the virtual and physical world, raising potential privacy issues. "This has the potential to challenge the existing paradigm of privacy in India," Garg warned. He explained that the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act) is designed to avoid conflicts with other laws.
I hope that the scope of the proposed tax law will not expand in future. Under the current circumstances, the extent of my privacy due to end-to-end encrypted communication in India, appears to be limited largely with respect to my neighbours and colleagues. I get a similar feeling when I share my personal details through soft copies or xerox copies of my Aadhaar [2] to individuals of various small and big organizations as proof of my identity and address.
1. https://www.boomlive.in/explainers/new-tax-bill-lets-officials-snoop-on-emails-social-media-what-does-it-really-mean-28003
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aadhaar#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #Privacy #Encryption #CyberSecurity #Digital #IncomeTaxIndia
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[Part 3/3]
I am not sure how encryption issues will be addressed without jeopardising platform security. Also, I lack the legal knowledge to determine if overriding end-to-end encrypted communication is similar to breaking the lock of any door, box, locker, safe, or almirah. Dhruv Garg, a technology lawyer, elaborates on my concerns regarding data privacy under the impending Income Tax Bill [1].> He explained that the bill defines "virtual digital space" broadly, encompassing both digital elements and physical infrastructure like servers. This, he noted, blurs the boundary between the virtual and physical world, raising potential privacy issues. "This has the potential to challenge the existing paradigm of privacy in India," Garg warned. He explained that the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act) is designed to avoid conflicts with other laws.
I hope that the scope of the proposed tax law will not expand in future. Under the current circumstances, the extent of my privacy due to end-to-end encrypted communication in India, appears to be limited largely with respect to my neighbours and colleagues. I get a similar feeling when I share my personal details through soft copies or xerox copies of my Aadhaar [2] to individuals of various small and big organizations as proof of my identity and address.
1. https://www.boomlive.in/explainers/new-tax-bill-lets-officials-snoop-on-emails-social-media-what-does-it-really-mean-28003
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aadhaar#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #Privacy #Encryption #CyberSecurity #Digital #IncomeTaxIndia
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[Part 2/3]
In the Finance Bill 2025, Finance Minister of India gives legal backing to govt accessing digital assets [1].> Under the new framework of the Finance Bill 2025, tax officials can access encrypted communications, cloud storage, and digital asset exchanges if they believe a person has concealed taxable income or cryptocurrency holdings.
> The new tax bill allows officials to access communication platforms like emails, WhatsApp, and Telegram, as well as enterprise software and storage servers businesses use to conceal financial transactions. "Gathering evidence from digital accounts is essential not only to prove tax evasion before a court of law but also to compute the exact amount of tax evaded,'' said the FM.
The Indian government has always faced the challenge of striking a tight balance between individual privacy and national security. Now, in the current digital age, this proposed bill has the potential to violate personal rights and set a dangerous precedent for mass surveillance in India. The final outcome could have ramifications for civil liberties, digital privacy regulations, and encryption standards worldwide [2].
> FM Sitharaman highlighted that digital forensics played a crucial role in unearthing unaccounted money. "Encrypted messages on mobile phones led to unearthing ₹250 crore unaccounted money. Evidence of crypto assets has been detected in WhatsApp messages. WhatsApp communication helped unearth ₹200 crore unaccounted money," said FM Sitharaman on the new bill.
It is not known exactly how WhatsApp communications revealed details about crypto asset transactions, helping unearth ₹200 crore of the total ₹250 crore. Was E2EE compromised? What role did Meta play in this case?
Indian authorities likely obtained the messages directly from the suspects' devices during raids, bypassing the need for Meta to decrypt or provide the data. There’s no public indication that Meta was compelled to assist or provide backdoor access in this specific case.
1. https://www.livemint.com/economy/finance-bill-2025-will-the-new-income-tax-bill-give-govt-access-to-your-encrypted-whatsapp-chats-11742979996747.html
2. https://cyberexperts.com/whatsapp-encryption-threatened-indias-income-tax-bill-sparks-debate/#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #Privacy #Encryption #CyberSecurity #Digital #IncomeTaxIndia
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[Part 2/3]
In the Finance Bill 2025, Finance Minister of India gives legal backing to govt accessing digital assets [1].> Under the new framework of the Finance Bill 2025, tax officials can access encrypted communications, cloud storage, and digital asset exchanges if they believe a person has concealed taxable income or cryptocurrency holdings.
> The new tax bill allows officials to access communication platforms like emails, WhatsApp, and Telegram, as well as enterprise software and storage servers businesses use to conceal financial transactions. "Gathering evidence from digital accounts is essential not only to prove tax evasion before a court of law but also to compute the exact amount of tax evaded,'' said the FM.
The Indian government has always faced the challenge of striking a tight balance between individual privacy and national security. Now, in the current digital age, this proposed bill has the potential to violate personal rights and set a dangerous precedent for mass surveillance in India. The final outcome could have ramifications for civil liberties, digital privacy regulations, and encryption standards worldwide [2].
> FM Sitharaman highlighted that digital forensics played a crucial role in unearthing unaccounted money. "Encrypted messages on mobile phones led to unearthing ₹250 crore unaccounted money. Evidence of crypto assets has been detected in WhatsApp messages. WhatsApp communication helped unearth ₹200 crore unaccounted money," said FM Sitharaman on the new bill.
It is not known exactly how WhatsApp communications revealed details about crypto asset transactions, helping unearth ₹200 crore of the total ₹250 crore. Was E2EE compromised? What role did Meta play in this case?
Indian authorities likely obtained the messages directly from the suspects' devices during raids, bypassing the need for Meta to decrypt or provide the data. There’s no public indication that Meta was compelled to assist or provide backdoor access in this specific case.
1. https://www.livemint.com/economy/finance-bill-2025-will-the-new-income-tax-bill-give-govt-access-to-your-encrypted-whatsapp-chats-11742979996747.html
2. https://cyberexperts.com/whatsapp-encryption-threatened-indias-income-tax-bill-sparks-debate/#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #Privacy #Encryption #CyberSecurity #Digital #IncomeTaxIndia
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[Part 2/3]
In the Finance Bill 2025, Finance Minister of India gives legal backing to govt accessing digital assets [1].> Under the new framework of the Finance Bill 2025, tax officials can access encrypted communications, cloud storage, and digital asset exchanges if they believe a person has concealed taxable income or cryptocurrency holdings.
> The new tax bill allows officials to access communication platforms like emails, WhatsApp, and Telegram, as well as enterprise software and storage servers businesses use to conceal financial transactions. "Gathering evidence from digital accounts is essential not only to prove tax evasion before a court of law but also to compute the exact amount of tax evaded,'' said the FM.
The Indian government has always faced the challenge of striking a tight balance between individual privacy and national security. Now, in the current digital age, this proposed bill has the potential to violate personal rights and set a dangerous precedent for mass surveillance in India. The final outcome could have ramifications for civil liberties, digital privacy regulations, and encryption standards worldwide [2].
> FM Sitharaman highlighted that digital forensics played a crucial role in unearthing unaccounted money. "Encrypted messages on mobile phones led to unearthing ₹250 crore unaccounted money. Evidence of crypto assets has been detected in WhatsApp messages. WhatsApp communication helped unearth ₹200 crore unaccounted money," said FM Sitharaman on the new bill.
It is not known exactly how WhatsApp communications revealed details about crypto asset transactions, helping unearth ₹200 crore of the total ₹250 crore. Was E2EE compromised? What role did Meta play in this case?
Indian authorities likely obtained the messages directly from the suspects' devices during raids, bypassing the need for Meta to decrypt or provide the data. There’s no public indication that Meta was compelled to assist or provide backdoor access in this specific case.
1. https://www.livemint.com/economy/finance-bill-2025-will-the-new-income-tax-bill-give-govt-access-to-your-encrypted-whatsapp-chats-11742979996747.html
2. https://cyberexperts.com/whatsapp-encryption-threatened-indias-income-tax-bill-sparks-debate/#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #Privacy #Encryption #CyberSecurity #Digital #IncomeTaxIndia
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[Part 1/3]
The proposed Income Tax Bill, 2025, grants the Indian Income Tax department significantly enhanced powers, particularly in relation to electronic and digital records [1]. If passed, the provisions will take effect from April 1, 2026. Some of the key provisions include:> Access to computer system: Revenue authorities may demand access to electronic records, emails, and social media accounts under suspicion of tax evasion subject to approval from senior tax officials.
> Overriding access codes: If individuals refuse to provide passwords or access codes, authorities are empowered to override digital security measures to inspect financial and communication data.
> Access to Virtual Digital Space: Revenue authorities may also access virtual digital space. The definition of “virtual digital space” in Section 261(i) includes:
a. Email servers
b. Social media accounts
c. Online banking, trading, and investment accounts
d. Cloud servers and remote data storage
e. Digital applications and platforms used for financial transactions#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #Privacy #Encryption #CyberSecurity #Digital #IncomeTaxIndia
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Is Our Industrial Ecology Inherently Sustainable?
From the very interesting article titled "No Escape from Fantasy Land" [1], I want to highlight the following.
> According to the scientific field of Industrial Ecology (IE) the global material economy can be modeled as a network of industrial processes that extract resources from the Earth and transform those resources into products and services.
> Taking the concept of industrial ecology to its logical conclusion reveals that our technology - based entirely on finite reserves of fossil fuels and rapidly depleting mineral deposits - is by definition unsustainable, and thus impossible to save.
> As per a a study released in 2023 [2], current interventions are largely physical, resource intensive, slow-moving and focused on addressing the symptoms of ecological overshoot (such as climate change) rather than the distal cause (maladaptive behaviours). Even in the best-case scenarios, symptom-level interventions are unlikely to avoid catastrophe or achieve more than ephemeral progress.Fossil fuels i.e. coal, oil, and natural gas still account for roughly 80% of global energy consumption as of recent years. At the current consumption rates we have proven reserves at something like 50 years for oil, 50-55 years for natural gas, and over 120 years for coal [3].
Minerals like copper, lithium, rare earths that are vital for everything from wiring to batteries isn’t running out in an absolute sense, but high-grade deposits are depleting fast. Then there’s the energy cost of extraction. Low-grade ores need more energy to process, often from fossil fuels, creating a feedback loop.
For context, the world produced 540,000 tonnes of LCE in 2021. Based on the above demand projections, production needs to triple by 2025 and increase nearly six-fold by 2030. Although supply has been on an exponential growth trajectory, it can take anywhere from six to more than 15 years for new lithium projects to come online. As a result, the lithium market is projected to be in a deficit for the next few years [4].
1. https://thehonestsorcerer.medium.com/no-escape-from-fantasy-land-a62a1ffb7a00
2. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10515534/
3. https://www.worldometers.info/energy/
4. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2023/01/chart-countries-produce-lithium-world/ -
The Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" [1] is a text that provides a set of principles and techniques for combating and undermining the influence and impact of harmful algorithms on society.
The manifesto is organised into ten propositions that address various areas of algorithmic sabotage. These arguments range from arguing for a sort of counter-power based on community strength to emphasising the value of solidarity and mutual aid over individual profit. It also emphasises the importance of challenging the capitalist ideology that lives on human misery by committing acts of subversion against modern forms of algorithmic tyranny.
The manifesto encourages people to take action against harmful or oppressive algorithms, rather than passively accepting them. This can include taking direct action, such as disrupting or disabling these algorithms, as well as more indirect measures, such as raising awareness and educating others about the issues.
The review of the Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" by Dwayne Monroe [2] is worth reading.
1. https://algorithmic-sabotage.github.io/asrg/manifesto-on-algorithmic_sabotage/
2. https://monroelab.com/2024/04/02/manifesto-on-algorithmic-sabotage-a-review/ -
The Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" [1] is a text that provides a set of principles and techniques for combating and undermining the influence and impact of harmful algorithms on society.
The manifesto is organised into ten propositions that address various areas of algorithmic sabotage. These arguments range from arguing for a sort of counter-power based on community strength to emphasising the value of solidarity and mutual aid over individual profit. It also emphasises the importance of challenging the capitalist ideology that lives on human misery by committing acts of subversion against modern forms of algorithmic tyranny.
The manifesto encourages people to take action against harmful or oppressive algorithms, rather than passively accepting them. This can include taking direct action, such as disrupting or disabling these algorithms, as well as more indirect measures, such as raising awareness and educating others about the issues.
The review of the Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" by Dwayne Monroe [2] is worth reading.
1. https://algorithmic-sabotage.github.io/asrg/manifesto-on-algorithmic_sabotage/
2. https://monroelab.com/2024/04/02/manifesto-on-algorithmic-sabotage-a-review/ -
The Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" [1] is a text that provides a set of principles and techniques for combating and undermining the influence and impact of harmful algorithms on society.
The manifesto is organised into ten propositions that address various areas of algorithmic sabotage. These arguments range from arguing for a sort of counter-power based on community strength to emphasising the value of solidarity and mutual aid over individual profit. It also emphasises the importance of challenging the capitalist ideology that lives on human misery by committing acts of subversion against modern forms of algorithmic tyranny.
The manifesto encourages people to take action against harmful or oppressive algorithms, rather than passively accepting them. This can include taking direct action, such as disrupting or disabling these algorithms, as well as more indirect measures, such as raising awareness and educating others about the issues.
The review of the Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" by Dwayne Monroe [2] is worth reading.
1. https://algorithmic-sabotage.github.io/asrg/manifesto-on-algorithmic_sabotage/
2. https://monroelab.com/2024/04/02/manifesto-on-algorithmic-sabotage-a-review/ -
The Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" [1] is a text that provides a set of principles and techniques for combating and undermining the influence and impact of harmful algorithms on society.
The manifesto is organised into ten propositions that address various areas of algorithmic sabotage. These arguments range from arguing for a sort of counter-power based on community strength to emphasising the value of solidarity and mutual aid over individual profit. It also emphasises the importance of challenging the capitalist ideology that lives on human misery by committing acts of subversion against modern forms of algorithmic tyranny.
The manifesto encourages people to take action against harmful or oppressive algorithms, rather than passively accepting them. This can include taking direct action, such as disrupting or disabling these algorithms, as well as more indirect measures, such as raising awareness and educating others about the issues.
The review of the Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" by Dwayne Monroe [2] is worth reading.
1. https://algorithmic-sabotage.github.io/asrg/manifesto-on-algorithmic_sabotage/
2. https://monroelab.com/2024/04/02/manifesto-on-algorithmic-sabotage-a-review/ -
The Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" [1] is a text that provides a set of principles and techniques for combating and undermining the influence and impact of harmful algorithms on society.
The manifesto is organised into ten propositions that address various areas of algorithmic sabotage. These arguments range from arguing for a sort of counter-power based on community strength to emphasising the value of solidarity and mutual aid over individual profit. It also emphasises the importance of challenging the capitalist ideology that lives on human misery by committing acts of subversion against modern forms of algorithmic tyranny.
The manifesto encourages people to take action against harmful or oppressive algorithms, rather than passively accepting them. This can include taking direct action, such as disrupting or disabling these algorithms, as well as more indirect measures, such as raising awareness and educating others about the issues.
The review of the Manifesto on "Algorithmic Sabotage" by Dwayne Monroe [2] is worth reading.
1. https://algorithmic-sabotage.github.io/asrg/manifesto-on-algorithmic_sabotage/
2. https://monroelab.com/2024/04/02/manifesto-on-algorithmic-sabotage-a-review/ -
[Part 2/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentMajor drawbacks of capitalism that can affect society
1. In a capitalist system, wealth tends to accumulate in the hands of a small percentage of the population, and this can lead to a wide gap between the rich and the poor.
2. Successful companies can usually become so powerful that they dominate the market, allowing them to charge higher prices to consumers.
3. Capitalism can encourage greed i.e. the pursuit of profit in capitalism can sometimes prioritize making money over making decisions that may benefit society as a whole.
4. Capitalism, with its focus on profit, mostly overlooks the environmental impact of production. This can lead to overproduction, pollution, and other harmful effects on the environment and climate that affect everyone.
5. Often people are rich, simply because they inherit wealth or are born into a privileged class. Therefore, capitalist society can not only fail to create equality of outcome but also can also fail to provide equality of opportunity. Societies which are highly unequal create resentment and social division.Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 2/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentMajor drawbacks of capitalism that can affect society
1. In a capitalist system, wealth tends to accumulate in the hands of a small percentage of the population, and this can lead to a wide gap between the rich and the poor.
2. Successful companies can usually become so powerful that they dominate the market, allowing them to charge higher prices to consumers.
3. Capitalism can encourage greed i.e. the pursuit of profit in capitalism can sometimes prioritize making money over making decisions that may benefit society as a whole.
4. Capitalism, with its focus on profit, mostly overlooks the environmental impact of production. This can lead to overproduction, pollution, and other harmful effects on the environment and climate that affect everyone.
5. Often people are rich, simply because they inherit wealth or are born into a privileged class. Therefore, capitalist society can not only fail to create equality of outcome but also can also fail to provide equality of opportunity. Societies which are highly unequal create resentment and social division.Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 2/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentMajor drawbacks of capitalism that can affect society
1. In a capitalist system, wealth tends to accumulate in the hands of a small percentage of the population, and this can lead to a wide gap between the rich and the poor.
2. Successful companies can usually become so powerful that they dominate the market, allowing them to charge higher prices to consumers.
3. Capitalism can encourage greed i.e. the pursuit of profit in capitalism can sometimes prioritize making money over making decisions that may benefit society as a whole.
4. Capitalism, with its focus on profit, mostly overlooks the environmental impact of production. This can lead to overproduction, pollution, and other harmful effects on the environment and climate that affect everyone.
5. Often people are rich, simply because they inherit wealth or are born into a privileged class. Therefore, capitalist society can not only fail to create equality of outcome but also can also fail to provide equality of opportunity. Societies which are highly unequal create resentment and social division.Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 2/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentMajor drawbacks of capitalism that can affect society
1. In a capitalist system, wealth tends to accumulate in the hands of a small percentage of the population, and this can lead to a wide gap between the rich and the poor.
2. Successful companies can usually become so powerful that they dominate the market, allowing them to charge higher prices to consumers.
3. Capitalism can encourage greed i.e. the pursuit of profit in capitalism can sometimes prioritize making money over making decisions that may benefit society as a whole.
4. Capitalism, with its focus on profit, mostly overlooks the environmental impact of production. This can lead to overproduction, pollution, and other harmful effects on the environment and climate that affect everyone.
5. Often people are rich, simply because they inherit wealth or are born into a privileged class. Therefore, capitalist society can not only fail to create equality of outcome but also can also fail to provide equality of opportunity. Societies which are highly unequal create resentment and social division.Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 2/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentMajor drawbacks of capitalism that can affect society
1. In a capitalist system, wealth tends to accumulate in the hands of a small percentage of the population, and this can lead to a wide gap between the rich and the poor.
2. Successful companies can usually become so powerful that they dominate the market, allowing them to charge higher prices to consumers.
3. Capitalism can encourage greed i.e. the pursuit of profit in capitalism can sometimes prioritize making money over making decisions that may benefit society as a whole.
4. Capitalism, with its focus on profit, mostly overlooks the environmental impact of production. This can lead to overproduction, pollution, and other harmful effects on the environment and climate that affect everyone.
5. Often people are rich, simply because they inherit wealth or are born into a privileged class. Therefore, capitalist society can not only fail to create equality of outcome but also can also fail to provide equality of opportunity. Societies which are highly unequal create resentment and social division.Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 1/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentEconomic system
An economic system is a way that a country or society organizes and manages its resources, such as money, goods, and services. It's like a set of rules and practices that determine how people earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume.
Economic freedom
Economic freedom means having the ability to make your own choices about how to earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume. It is the freedom to participate in economic activities without unnecessary restrictions or interference.
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system where people can start their own businesses and make decisions about what to produce, how much to charge and where to sell their products. In this system, capital assets (e.g. factories, mines, rail, roads, ports etc.) can be privately owned and controlled by individuals or private companies and labour is purchased for money wages.
Profit is the money a business earns after paying for all the costs involved in producing and selling goods or services. The primary goal of capitalism is to make a profit (need not be as much profit as possible) by selling goods or services. This profit motive drives competition among businesses to be the low-cost producer of a certain good and to switch production to more profitable goods if necessary.Economic freedom and capitalism
Economic freedom is not only related to capitalism. Other economic systems also provide economic freedom to varying degrees. Economic freedom is important because it encourages innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. When individuals and businesses have the freedom to make their own economic decisions, they are motivated to work hard, take risks, and come up with new ideas. This leads to the creation of new businesses, job opportunities, and improvements in the quality of goods and services.
Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 1/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentEconomic system
An economic system is a way that a country or society organizes and manages its resources, such as money, goods, and services. It's like a set of rules and practices that determine how people earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume.
Economic freedom
Economic freedom means having the ability to make your own choices about how to earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume. It is the freedom to participate in economic activities without unnecessary restrictions or interference.
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system where people can start their own businesses and make decisions about what to produce, how much to charge and where to sell their products. In this system, capital assets (e.g. factories, mines, rail, roads, ports etc.) can be privately owned and controlled by individuals or private companies and labour is purchased for money wages.
Profit is the money a business earns after paying for all the costs involved in producing and selling goods or services. The primary goal of capitalism is to make a profit (need not be as much profit as possible) by selling goods or services. This profit motive drives competition among businesses to be the low-cost producer of a certain good and to switch production to more profitable goods if necessary.Economic freedom and capitalism
Economic freedom is not only related to capitalism. Other economic systems also provide economic freedom to varying degrees. Economic freedom is important because it encourages innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. When individuals and businesses have the freedom to make their own economic decisions, they are motivated to work hard, take risks, and come up with new ideas. This leads to the creation of new businesses, job opportunities, and improvements in the quality of goods and services.
Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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[Part 1/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentEconomic system
An economic system is a way that a country or society organizes and manages its resources, such as money, goods, and services. It's like a set of rules and practices that determine how people earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume.
Economic freedom
Economic freedom means having the ability to make your own choices about how to earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume. It is the freedom to participate in economic activities without unnecessary restrictions or interference.
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system where people can start their own businesses and make decisions about what to produce, how much to charge and where to sell their products. In this system, capital assets (e.g. factories, mines, rail, roads, ports etc.) can be privately owned and controlled by individuals or private companies and labour is purchased for money wages.
Profit is the money a business earns after paying for all the costs involved in producing and selling goods or services. The primary goal of capitalism is to make a profit (need not be as much profit as possible) by selling goods or services. This profit motive drives competition among businesses to be the low-cost producer of a certain good and to switch production to more profitable goods if necessary.Economic freedom and capitalism
Economic freedom is not only related to capitalism. Other economic systems also provide economic freedom to varying degrees. Economic freedom is important because it encourages innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. When individuals and businesses have the freedom to make their own economic decisions, they are motivated to work hard, take risks, and come up with new ideas. This leads to the creation of new businesses, job opportunities, and improvements in the quality of goods and services.
Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
-
[Part 1/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentEconomic system
An economic system is a way that a country or society organizes and manages its resources, such as money, goods, and services. It's like a set of rules and practices that determine how people earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume.
Economic freedom
Economic freedom means having the ability to make your own choices about how to earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume. It is the freedom to participate in economic activities without unnecessary restrictions or interference.
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system where people can start their own businesses and make decisions about what to produce, how much to charge and where to sell their products. In this system, capital assets (e.g. factories, mines, rail, roads, ports etc.) can be privately owned and controlled by individuals or private companies and labour is purchased for money wages.
Profit is the money a business earns after paying for all the costs involved in producing and selling goods or services. The primary goal of capitalism is to make a profit (need not be as much profit as possible) by selling goods or services. This profit motive drives competition among businesses to be the low-cost producer of a certain good and to switch production to more profitable goods if necessary.Economic freedom and capitalism
Economic freedom is not only related to capitalism. Other economic systems also provide economic freedom to varying degrees. Economic freedom is important because it encourages innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. When individuals and businesses have the freedom to make their own economic decisions, they are motivated to work hard, take risks, and come up with new ideas. This leads to the creation of new businesses, job opportunities, and improvements in the quality of goods and services.
Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
-
[Part 1/2]
My attempt to explain capitalism to a high school studentEconomic system
An economic system is a way that a country or society organizes and manages its resources, such as money, goods, and services. It's like a set of rules and practices that determine how people earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume.
Economic freedom
Economic freedom means having the ability to make your own choices about how to earn money, buy and sell things, and make decisions about what to produce and consume. It is the freedom to participate in economic activities without unnecessary restrictions or interference.
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system where people can start their own businesses and make decisions about what to produce, how much to charge and where to sell their products. In this system, capital assets (e.g. factories, mines, rail, roads, ports etc.) can be privately owned and controlled by individuals or private companies and labour is purchased for money wages.
Profit is the money a business earns after paying for all the costs involved in producing and selling goods or services. The primary goal of capitalism is to make a profit (need not be as much profit as possible) by selling goods or services. This profit motive drives competition among businesses to be the low-cost producer of a certain good and to switch production to more profitable goods if necessary.Economic freedom and capitalism
Economic freedom is not only related to capitalism. Other economic systems also provide economic freedom to varying degrees. Economic freedom is important because it encourages innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. When individuals and businesses have the freedom to make their own economic decisions, they are motivated to work hard, take risks, and come up with new ideas. This leads to the creation of new businesses, job opportunities, and improvements in the quality of goods and services.
Reference: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/06/basics.htm
#Capitalism #EconomicSystem #EconomicSystems #EconomicFreedom
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How many of us are affected due to climate change?As per the journal publication "Global Hotspots of Climate-related Disasters" (June 2024) [1] climate-related disaster events directly impacted over 44 % of the global population in 2020. The climate related disasters are drought, riverine flood, tropical cyclone, flash flood, land slide and mudslide, wildfire and heatwave. Droughts have affected the most people, with over 1.4 billion, followed by riverine floods, which have affected more than 1.2 billion. The percentage of the population impacted understandably decreases with an increase in Human Development Index.
Climate-related disasters affected substantially less people in European countries than in Australia, Africa, North America, Asia, and South America. The low percentage of individuals harmed by climate-related disasters in countries with high levels of Human Development Index, as well as in European countries, could be attributed to people's ability to execute adaption techniques.
Climate-related disasters have touched more than 100% (cumulative percentage) of people in 19 nations, indicating that vast numbers of people in certain countries, particularly in the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia, have been affected year after year. This recurring impact most likely indicates that adaptation efforts in those countries have fallen short in assisting people and ecosystems to adjust to climate change.
Due to 205 climate disaster related events (mostly riverine flood, heatwave, flash flood and land slide) in India between 2000 and 2020, more than one billion Indians were impacted. India ranked 131 out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index in 2020 and 134 in 2022.
1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212420924002504
#Climate #ClimateChange #ClimateCrisis #HumanDevelopmentIndex #MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India
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A person dies twice. Once when the person biologically dies. And the final death happens when somebody on this earth remembers the person for the last time. I was not aware that the Egyptians also believed that a person dies twice [1] and the spirit of the person lives on as long as people kept remembering the person.
Ernest Hemingway also expressed a similar sentiment, stating that
> Every man has two deaths, when he is buried in the ground and the last time someone says his name. In some ways men can be immortal.
1. https://www.tvfanatic.com/quotes/the-egyptians-believed-that-you-die-twice-once-when-you-take-you/
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Digital Arrest [1] is the fastest growing cyber crime in India.
Dec 23, 2024
1. A 39 year-old Bengaluru software engineer fell prey to a digital arrest fraud recently and ended up losing ₹118 million (~1.4 million USD).
2. Bengaluru woman duped of ₹3 million (~35K USD) in digital arrest scam; forced to break FDs and empty bank accounts.
3. A 32-year-old home-maker from Pune was scammed of ₹3.3 million (~38.7K USD) by fraudsters who posed as officials from the Mumbai police and the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI). The criminals intimidated her by claiming she was under “digital arrest” for alleged misuse of a SIM card issued in her name.
Dec 26, 2024
1. A Japanese national working in Bengaluru lost ₹3.55 million (~ 41.6K USD) to cyber fraudsters, who posed as Mumbai Police officers and placed him under "digital arrest", alleging his involvement in a money laundering case.
The term "Digital Arrest" describes a kind of sophisticated cyber fraud in which scammers use video conversations, emails, or text messages to pose as government or law enforcement officers. They coerce victims into making significant financial transfers or disclosing private information by threatening to arrest them or take legal action against them for supposed crimes including drug trafficking, money laundering, or internet fraud. In India, people reportedly lost about ₹1200 million (about $14 million) as a result of these frauds in the first quarter of 2024 alone.
Digital Arrest is not a legitimate legal concept and does not exist under Indian law.
1. https://www.deccanherald.com/india/explained-what-is-a-digital-arrest-scam-3250891#1
#MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India #CyberCrime #CyberAttack #DigitalArrest
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Words of the Year 2024
Dictionary.com names ‘demure’ as its word of the year for 2024 [1]. Demure means characterized by shyness and modesty; reserved.
Oxford University Press names "brain rot" as the word of the year for 2024 {2]. As per Wikipedia [3],
>"In Internet culture, brain rot (or brainrot) refers to any Internet content deemed to be of low quality or value, or the supposed negative psychological and cognitive effects caused by it. The term also refers to excessive use of digital media, especially short-form entertainment, which may affect cognitive health."Amongst the six short listed candidates by Oxford University Press [4], I also liked the word "slop" which means art, writing, or other content generated using artificial intelligence, shared and distributed online in an indiscriminate or intrusive way, and characterized as being of low quality, inauthentic, or inaccurate.
From my perspective both brain rot and slop are more relevant.
1. https://time.com/7178900/demure-word-of-the-year-2024/
2. https://time.com/7199246/brain-rot-oxford-university-press-word-of-the-year-2024/
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_rot
4. https://corp.oup.com/word-of-the-year/#shortlist-2024 -
[1 of 2]
How many of us are affected due to climate change?As per the journal publication "Global Hotspots of Climate-related Disasters" (June 2024) climate-related disaster events directly impacted over 44 % of the global population in 2020. The climate related disasters are drought, riverine flood, tropical cyclone, flash flood, land slide and mudslide, wildfire and heatwave. Droughts have affected the most people, with over 1.4 billion, followed by riverine floods, which have affected more than 1.2 billion. The percentage of the population impacted understandably decreases with an increase in Human Development Index.
Climate-related disasters affected substantially less people in European countries than in Australia, Africa, North America, Asia, and South America. The low percentage of individuals harmed by climate-related disasters in countries with high levels of Human Development Index, as well as in European countries, could be attributed to people's ability to execute adaption techniques.
Climate-related disasters have touched more than 100% (cumulative percentage) of people in 19 nations, indicating that vast numbers of people in certain countries, particularly in the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia, have been affected year after year. This recurring impact most likely indicates that adaptation efforts in those countries have fallen short in assisting people and ecosystems to adjust to climate change.
Due to 205 climate disaster related events (mostly riverine flood, heatwave, flash flood and land slide) in India between 2000 and 2020, more than one billion Indians were impacted. India ranked 131 out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index in 2020 and 134 in 2022.
References:
1. Global Hotspots of Climate-related Disasters (June 2024): https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212420924002504#Climate #ClimateChange #ClimateCrisis #HumanDevelopmentIndex #MastodonIndians #MastIndia #India
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Climate change is about saving the humanity and the corresponding ecosystem so that we people are saved. It is not about saving the planet which will change and continue. It is all about us.
#ClimateChange #CimateEmergency #ClimateCrisis
Reference: Climate change isn’t about saving the planet: It’s about saving the people -
I have broadly observed that many tend to believe that ActivityPub-based Fediverse is associated with liberal or left-liberal political discourse. This perception may be due to user demographics and community norms or guidelines.
It is not fair to carry such a discernment in one's mind. The design and architecture of ActivityPub based Fediverse are politically neutral. However, the way it is implemented and used by different platforms and communities can reflect varying political ideologies. The Fediverse is a collection of interconnected social networking platforms that use ActivityPub, and these platforms can cater to diverse communities with different political beliefs and values.
It is important to re-emphasize that the Fediverse is a disparate ecosystem with a wide range of users and viewpoints. While there may be a prevalent perception of a liberal or left-liberal discourse, it does not mean that all users or instances within the Fediverse adhere to those ideologies.
#ActivityPub #Fediverse #Politics #PoliticalIdeology #PoliticalDiscourse #PoliticalThoughts -
I have broadly observed that many tend to believe that ActivityPub-based Fediverse is associated with liberal or left-liberal political discourse. This perception may be due to user demographics and community norms or guidelines.
It is not fair to carry such a discernment in one's mind. The design and architecture of ActivityPub based Fediverse are politically neutral. However, the way it is implemented and used by different platforms and communities can reflect varying political ideologies. The Fediverse is a collection of interconnected social networking platforms that use ActivityPub, and these platforms can cater to diverse communities with different political beliefs and values.
It is important to re-emphasize that the Fediverse is a disparate ecosystem with a wide range of users and viewpoints. While there may be a prevalent perception of a liberal or left-liberal discourse, it does not mean that all users or instances within the Fediverse adhere to those ideologies.
#ActivityPub #Fediverse #Politics #PoliticalIdeology #PoliticalDiscourse #PoliticalThoughts