#worldwari — Public Fediverse posts

Nearly Two Million People Emigrated from Hungary to America around the Turn of the Last Century https://www.byteseu.com/2208998/ #assimilation #EllisIsland #EthnicHungarians #FamilyHistory #genealogy #HungarianAmericans #HungarianCitizenship #HungarianCommunities #HungarianCulture #HungarianDiaspora #HungarianEmigration #HungarianHeritage #HungarianIdentity #HungarianImmigrants #HungarianRootsAndAmericanDreams #Hungary #Immigration #KingdomOfHungary #LittleHungary #Pittsburgh #TreatyOfTrianon #WorldWarI

"Boiling up" Egypt, 1915-1917 / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1917

"The chap on the left was wounded at Rafa."
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786080/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Palestine #Egypt

Herod's Gate, Jerusalem, 1918 / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1918
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786111/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Palestine #Jerusalem #DigitalNZ

Herod's Gate, Jerusalem, 1918 / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1918
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786111/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Palestine #Jerusalem #DigitalNZ

Donald Trump's speech descends into nightmare fuel as America celebrates 250th birthday

https://web.brid.gy/r/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/donald-trump-threatening-250-speech-37388152

Donald Trump's speech descends into nightmare fuel as America celebrates 250th birthday

https://web.brid.gy/r/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/donald-trump-threatening-250-speech-37388152

https://www.europesays.com/uk/1067369/ From $71 million to $39 trillion – U.S. national debt’s 250-year climb #Afghanistan #BarackObama #Business #CreditCards #DonaldTrump #Economy #History #InterestRates #Iraq #JoeBiden #MortgageRates #NationalDebt #Recession #USHistory #UK #UnitedKingdom #WorldWarI #WorldWarII

From $71 million to $39 trillion – U.S. national debt’s 250-year climb

America’s national debt has always reflected the trajectory of the nation itself—one rising as the other, at least…
#NewsBeep #News #Economy #Afghanistan #AU #Australia #BarackObama #Business #creditcards #donaldtrump #History #interestrates #Iraq #JoeBiden #mortgagerates #nationaldebt #recession #U.S.History #worldwari #WorldWarII
https://www.newsbeep.com/au/777808/

From $71 million to $39 trillion – U.S. national debt’s 250-year climb

America’s national debt has always reflected the trajectory of the nation itself—one rising as the other, at least…
#NewsBeep #News #Economy #Afghanistan #AU #Australia #BarackObama #Business #creditcards #donaldtrump #History #interestrates #Iraq #JoeBiden #mortgagerates #nationaldebt #recession #U.S.History #worldwari #WorldWarII
https://www.newsbeep.com/au/777808/

From $71 million to $39 trillion – U.S. national debt’s 250-year climb

America’s national debt has always reflected the trajectory of the nation itself—one rising as the other, at least…
#NewsBeep #News #Economy #Afghanistan #BarackObama #Business #Creditcards #DonaldTrump #History #interestrates #Iraq #JoeBiden #mortgagerates #nationaldebt #recession #U.S.History #UK #UnitedKingdom #worldwarI #worldwarii
https://www.newsbeep.com/uk/672098/

#History #NationalGeographic #Throwback #WorldWarI

For #ThrowbackThursday, here’s a 1918 National Geographic Magazine. I bought this in about 1972 on a trip to New Hampshire, my dad’s home area.

This week is the first time I’ve ever taken time to read it. In June 1918, ever single article connects very directly to the Great War.

The article on “Prussianism” is striking because the criticisms would apply today to — wait for it — the USA.

#History #NationalGeographic #Throwback #WorldWarI

For #ThrowbackThursday, here’s a 1918 National Geographic Magazine. I bought this in about 1972 on a trip to New Hampshire, my dad’s home area.

This week is the first time I’ve ever taken time to read it. In June 1918, ever single article connects very directly to the Great War.

The article on “Prussianism” is striking because the criticisms would apply today to — wait for it — the USA.

The Gaza war has produced an unprecedented number of journalist deaths, raising concerns about press freedom, access to independent reporting and the protections afforded to journalists in conflict zones. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/commentary/2026/06/29/world/killing-journalists-war-strategy/?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=mastodon #commentary #worldnews #israel #gaza #georgeorwell #cpj #hamas #yemen #lebanon #hezbollah #iran #ukraine #russia #worldwari #worldwarii #vietnam #laos #cambodia #middleeast #journalism #freespeech

The Gaza war has produced an unprecedented number of journalist deaths, raising concerns about press freedom, access to independent reporting and the protections afforded to journalists in conflict zones. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/commentary/2026/06/29/world/killing-journalists-war-strategy/?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=mastodon #commentary #worldnews #israel #gaza #georgeorwell #cpj #hamas #yemen #lebanon #hezbollah #iran #ukraine #russia #worldwari #worldwarii #vietnam #laos #cambodia #middleeast #journalism #freespeech

💁🏻‍♀️ TIL: 📝📊 The #SAT was first administered to 8,000 students in June 1926, born from #WorldWarI #military I.Q. tests designed by #Princeton psychologist and eugenicist Carl Brigham.

Now taken by two million #students annually, fewer than 10% of U.S. #colleges require it for fall 2026 admissions, a shift accelerated by the #Covid #pandemic and long standing debates about what the test actually measures. The article traces the test’s #evolution from a tool that helped break into the old boys’ network of elite colleges to an #exam whose scores strongly correlate with family #income.

👉 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/100-years-ago-students-across-the-us-took-the-first-sat-today-relatively-few-colleges-require-the-test-where-is-it-headed-180988997/

#history #education #equity #meritocracy #publicschool #highschool #academics #policy #learning #criticalthinking #teaching

💁🏻‍♀️ TIL: 📝📊 The #SAT was first administered to 8,000 students in June 1926, born from #WorldWarI #military I.Q. tests designed by #Princeton psychologist and eugenicist Carl Brigham.

Now taken by two million #students annually, fewer than 10% of U.S. #colleges require it for fall 2026 admissions, a shift accelerated by the #Covid #pandemic and long standing debates about what the test actually measures. The article traces the test’s #evolution from a tool that helped break into the old boys’ network of elite colleges to an #exam whose scores strongly correlate with family #income.

👉 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/100-years-ago-students-across-the-us-took-the-first-sat-today-relatively-few-colleges-require-the-test-where-is-it-headed-180988997/

#history #education #equity #meritocracy #publicschool #highschool #academics #policy #learning #criticalthinking #teaching

Azerbaijan Expresses Strong Displeasure Over Israel’s Recognition of Armenian Genocide | Ratopati https://www.byteseu.com/2150633/ #Armenia #ArmenianGenocide #Azerbaijan #DiplomaticRelations #Israel #Karabakh #PeaceAgreement #RegionalStability #RepublicOfAzerbaijan #Turkey #WorldWarI

‘Bertrand Russell & Trinity: A college controversy of the last war’ is a pamphlet written by G.H. Hardy in 1942, giving an account of the dismissal of Russell from his Trinity College lectureship in 1916 following his criminal conviction for anti-war political activity. (Hardy was at the time a fellow of Trinity and opposed Russell's ouster.)

Since there was no downloadable ebook, I made a re-typeset version, which I have just updated: https://archive.org/details/hardy_russellandtrinity

Creating this version was an exercise for me to learn how to (start to) adapt my LaTeX styles to the new interfaces created by the ongoing LaTeX tagging project [https://latex3.github.io/tagging-project/]. (A #TaggedPDF contains supplementary information to assist screen reading software, data extraction, etc.)

The updates are mostly behind-the-scenes source code changes, particularly to use the new template interfaces for sectioning. I have made the source available in case it is useful as an example to others: https://codeberg.org/ajcain/hardy_russellandtrinity

#GHHardy #BertrandRussell #WorldWarI #pacficism #literature #TeXLaTeX #Accessibility

‘Bertrand Russell & Trinity: A college controversy of the last war’ is a pamphlet written by G.H. Hardy in 1942, giving an account of the dismissal of Russell from his Trinity College lectureship in 1916 following his criminal conviction for anti-war political activity. (Hardy was at the time a fellow of Trinity and opposed Russell's ouster.)

Since there was no downloadable ebook, I made a re-typeset version, which I have just updated: https://archive.org/details/hardy_russellandtrinity

Creating this version was an exercise for me to learn how to (start to) adapt my LaTeX styles to the new interfaces created by the ongoing LaTeX tagging project [https://latex3.github.io/tagging-project/]. (A #TaggedPDF contains supplementary information to assist screen reading software, data extraction, etc.)

The updates are mostly behind-the-scenes source code changes, particularly to use the new template interfaces for sectioning. I have made the source available in case it is useful as an example to others: https://codeberg.org/ajcain/hardy_russellandtrinity

#GHHardy #BertrandRussell #WorldWarI #pacficism #literature #TeXLaTeX #Accessibility

History supplies a poignant lesson for Japan and the world

The world is becoming an increasingly dangerous place. Perceived external threats are hyped by governments and massive increases in military spending are now becoming the norm. This is a perilous throwback to the volatility of the early 20th centur…
#Japan #JP #JapanNews #armsrace #militarybudgets #news #SanaeTakaichi #ShinjiroKoizumi #worldwarI
https://www.alojapan.com/1503414/history-supplies-a-poignant-lesson-for-japan-and-the-world/

https://www.alojapan.com/1503414/history-supplies-a-poignant-lesson-for-japan-and-the-world/ History supplies a poignant lesson for Japan and the world #ArmsRace #Japan #JapanNews #MilitaryBudgets #news #SanaeTakaichi #ShinjiroKoizumi #WorldWarI The world is becoming an increasingly dangerous place. Perceived external threats are hyped by governments and massive increases in military spending are now becoming the norm. This is a perilous throwback to the volatility of the early 20th century when a global arms race and the strengtheni

Carrying cameras Into hell - Inside Imperial War Museum's bid to save the raw, unseen truth of WWII

https://fed.brid.gy/r/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/imperial-war-museum-nazi-spitfires-37317085

Carrying cameras Into hell - Inside Imperial War Museum's bid to save the raw, unseen truth of WWII

https://fed.brid.gy/r/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/imperial-war-museum-nazi-spitfires-37317085

Port Said? street scene, horses and cart, 1916? / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1916

Same frame as Chesma sailor photo, which would make it September 1916
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786239/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Egypt #PortSaid #Horses

#WorldWarI lasted 1,568 days. In addition to ending the Ottoman Empire and (in many cases ignorantly) redrawing maps of #Europe and the #MiddleEast it terminated the last #Tsar.

Today is the 1,568th day of the invasion of #Ukraine by #Russia during what was supposed to be a ‘3-day #SpecialMilitaryOperation.’

#VladTheInvader #Putin should be careful around neo-#Bolsheviks. 😂

#StandWithUkraine

#WorldWarI lasted 1,568 days. In addition to ending the Ottoman Empire and (in many cases ignorantly) redrawing maps of #Europe and the #MiddleEast it terminated the last #Tsar.

Today is the 1,568th day of the invasion of #Ukraine by #Russia during what was supposed to be a ‘3-day #SpecialMilitaryOperation.’

#VladTheInvader #Putin should be careful around neo-#Bolsheviks. 😂

#StandWithUkraine

Band rotunda, Egypt or Palestine, 1915-1919 / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1917
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786219/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Egypt #Palestine #Museum #Museums

𝗪𝗜𝗞𝗜𝗣𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗔'𝗦 𝗙𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗖𝗟𝗘

✧ SMS Westfalen ✧

SMS Westfalen was a Nassau-class dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial German Navy. Laid down in 1907 and launched in July 1908, she was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet in November 1909. She was equipped with a main battery of twelve 28 cm (11 in) guns in six twin turrets using an unusual hexagonal arrangemen...

#smswestfalen #nassau #imperialgermannavy #northsea #worldwari. #wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS_Westfalen

𝗪𝗜𝗞𝗜𝗣𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗔'𝗦 𝗙𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗖𝗟𝗘

✧ SMS Westfalen ✧

SMS Westfalen was a Nassau-class dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial German Navy. Laid down in 1907 and launched in July 1908, she was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet in November 1909. She was equipped with a main battery of twelve 28 cm (11 in) guns in six twin turrets using an unusual hexagonal arrangemen...

#smswestfalen #nassau #imperialgermannavy #northsea #worldwari. #wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS_Westfalen

Tethered horses, Egypt or Palestine, 1915-1919 / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1917

Black border print
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786077/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Palestine #Egypt #Horses #PalmTrees #Museum #DigitalNZ

Pook-Emu Bee: Links For Memorial Day (2026)

https://social.emucafe.org/naferrell/pook-emu-bee-links-for-memorial-day-2026/

Pook-Emu Bee: Links For Memorial Day (2026)

https://social.emucafe.org/naferrell/pook-emu-bee-links-for-memorial-day-2026/

"From England to Canada, through hardship and heartbreak, one family refuses to be broken." 🚢📖

Excerpt and 4/5 review for BEYOND THE DARK OCEANS by ALISON HUNTINGFORD!

#HistoricalFiction #WorldWarI #KU

https://archaeolibrarian.wixsite.com/website/post/beyond-the-dark-oceans-by-alison-huntingford

Auckland Mounted Rifles camp with tents and gear, Egypt or Palestine, 1915-1919 / WRD Laurie, 01 Jan 1917

Shell bursting in the distance?Black border print?
Laurie Family via DigitalNZ

http://api.digitalnz.org/records/35786067/source

#WorldWarI #AucklandMountedRifles #Egypt #Palestine

The Sedition Act of 1918 was passed on this day by the U.S. Congress, making criticism of the government during wartime an imprisonable offense; it was repealed less than two years later https://toilet-guru.com/woodrow-wilson.html?s=mb #travel #WorldWarI #history

The Sedition Act of 1918 was passed on this day by the U.S. Congress, making criticism of the government during wartime an imprisonable offense; it was repealed less than two years later https://toilet-guru.com/woodrow-wilson.html?s=mb #travel #WorldWarI #history

https://www.europesays.com/britain/33292/ Wreckage of a US Coast Guard ship lost during WWI has been found off the coast of England #England #LostShip #ShipFound #UK #UnitedKingdom #UnitedKingdown #UnitedStatesCoastGuard #USCGCTampa #WorldWarI

https://www.europesays.com/britain/33258/ Wreckage of a US Coast Guard ship lost during WWI has been found off the coast of England #England #LostShip #ShipFound #UK #UnitedKingdom #UnitedKingdown #UnitedStatesCoastGuard #USCGCTampa #WorldWarI

A century after Collingwood Cherry Ingram helped preserve Japan's cherry trees, a new initiative inspired by him and Masatoshi Asari aims to plant sakura in Ukraine and support war victims through humanitarian aid. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/commentary/2026/05/01/japan/sakura-diplomacy-in-three-wars/?utm_medium=Social&utm_source=mastodon #commentary #japan #collingwoodingram #masatoshiasari #nicholasmellor #hokkaido #belgium #ukraine #uk #us #worldwari #worldwarii #someiyoshino #taihaku #matsumae #sakura #cherrytrees

#OTD 1916: #AustriaHungary and the German Empire were the first countries in the world to introduce #DaylightSavingTime to increase the number of hours of usable daylight.

Unfortunately, the agenda item was destroyed by fire—but it is recorded, and resourceful individuals might be able to find a Ministervortrag on the subject in the Kabinettskanzlei...

https://mrp.oeaw.ac.at/pages/show.html?document=MRP-3-0-08-1-19160405-P-0095.xml&searchexpr=sommerzeit#top_MRP-3-0-08-1-19160405-P-0095_1

#histodon #histodons #histodonsDE
#history #HabsburgMonarchy #CouncilofMinisters
#EconomicHistory #WorldWarI #WWI

READ MORE: NINE DAYS THAT SHOOK BRITAIN Inside the General Strike 100 years on as establishment 'bullied' workers. Tom, 69, says: “When I was a kid ...

Oscar winning actor Tom Hanks is fronting a fascinating new series on World War 2, and the Saving Private Ryan star says he's been enthralled by its history since childhood#RitaWilson #TomHanks #TheGreatEscape #TheGreatDepression #WorldWarI #WorldWar2 #Documentaries
Tom Hanks uncovers ‘never-before-seen’ footage of WW II for epic new series

1985's Mata Hari, starring an all time erotic leading lady, Sylvia Kristel, was Cannon's attempt to do something of a historical war epic... but it was also loaded with boobs and sex.

Read the new review at https://wp.me/p9XNnZ-7Ee

#blog #review #history #worldwari #matahari #cannonfilms #sylviakristel #80s #drama #eroticdrama

1985's Mata Hari, starring an all time erotic leading lady, Sylvia Kristel, was Cannon's attempt to do something of a historical war epic... but it was also loaded with boobs and sex.

Read the new review at https://wp.me/p9XNnZ-7Ee

#blog #review #history #worldwari #matahari #cannonfilms #sylviakristel #80s #drama #eroticdrama

1985's Mata Hari, starring an all time erotic leading lady, Sylvia Kristel, was Cannon's attempt to do something of a historical war epic... but it was also loaded with boobs and sex.

Read the new review at https://wp.me/p9XNnZ-7Ee

#blog #review #history #worldwari #matahari #cannonfilms #sylviakristel #80s #drama #eroticdrama

1985's Mata Hari, starring an all time erotic leading lady, Sylvia Kristel, was Cannon's attempt to do something of a historical war epic... but it was also loaded with boobs and sex.

Read the new review at https://wp.me/p9XNnZ-7Ee

#blog #review #history #worldwari #matahari #cannonfilms #sylviakristel #80s #drama #eroticdrama

1985's Mata Hari, starring an all time erotic leading lady, Sylvia Kristel, was Cannon's attempt to do something of a historical war epic... but it was also loaded with boobs and sex.

Read the new review at https://wp.me/p9XNnZ-7Ee

#blog #review #history #worldwari #matahari #cannonfilms #sylviakristel #80s #drama #eroticdrama

Although the sinking of RMS Lusitania happened years before Shallow Trenches/Open Skies takes place, it looms large over the main character, 2nd Lt. Bernard "Griz" Behr.

#wwi #worldwari #amwriting #bookstadon #books

Yazids

Also spelled Yesidis.

They’re a Kurdish-speaking endogamous religious group indigenous to Kurdistan, a geographical region in Western Asia that includes parts of Iraq, Syria, Turkey, & Iran, with small numbers living in Armenia & Georgia (the country). Endogamy is the cultural practice of only marrying within a specific social group, religious denomination, caste, or ethnic group. The majority of the Yazidis remaining in the Middle East today live in Iraq, primarily in the governorates of Nineveh & Duhok.

Yazidism came about through a complex historical process involving a pre-Islamic Kurdish religious substratum & teachings of Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir. Generally, scholars regard Yazidism as an independent religious tradition with deep roots in ancient Iranian beliefs, shaped by later Sufi influences. Yazidism was adopted by many Kurdish tribes & Emirates. It reached as far west as Antioch & as far east as Sulaymaniyah. Sulaymaniyah/Slemani is a city in the East of the Kurdistan region of Iraq.

Yezidi manuscripts (called misurs) were written in the 13th century. It contains lists of Kurdish tribes affiliated with Yezidi Pir saints. Only 2 of the 40 total manuscripts have been published so far. Namely, the Misur of Pir Sini Darani & the Misur of Pir Xetib Pisi. The list in the Misur of Pir Sini Darani includes several large tribes that have been largely or fully Islamized today.

From the 14th century on, Yazidis developed their own religious & political institutions in the areas where they lived. The Yezidi territories were divided into 7 administrative centers. Each has its own Sincaq (This is an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire). More commonly known as Tawis among the Yezids. Sincaqs are sacred bronze effigies bearing the image of a bird or peacock to symbolize Tawusi Melek. They serve as symbols of power for each administrative center.

Every 6 months, the Yezidi Quwals, who are trained reciters of Qewls & other forms of sacred oral Yezidi tradition, were sent out to other Yezidi-inhabited areas with military protection from the central administrative region of Shekhan & the spiritual center of Lalish.

This tradition serves to preserve the Yazidi faith & doctrine. The Qewals, supported by voluntary alms, led a Sincaq through Yazidi villages to maintain spiritual legitimacy & symbolize the authority of Lalish & the Mir.

During WWI, the Armenian genocide of 1915 caused a mass exodus of Yazidis from Van, Kars, & Bazid, Turkey. Together with many Armenians, they fled from the Ottoman Empire in masses to Transcaucasia (a.k.a. South Caucasus. This is located on the border of Eastern Europe & West Asia, which straddles the southern Caucasus Mountains.).

They followed their families/relatives who had already migrated to the territories of the Russian Empire after fleeing during the Russo-Turkish wars in 1828-1829 & 1877-1878. In May 1918, Ottomans crossed the Akhuryan River to invade the Armenian Republic. The Yezidi participation in the decisive Battle of Sardarabad is still commemorated by Armenians.

Yazidism is a monotheistic faith based on belief in 1 God, who created the world & entrusted it into the care of a Heptad of the 7 Holy Beings. Often known as angels or heft sirr (the 7 Mysteries). Preeminent among these is Tawusi Melek (also known as Melek Taus), the Peacock Angel. Traditionally, Yazidis who marry non-Yazidis are considered to have converted to the religion of their spouse.

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Your contribution is appreciated.

Make a monthly donation

Your contribution is appreciated.

Make a yearly donation

Your contribution is appreciated.

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Yazids

Also spelled Yesidis.

They’re a Kurdish-speaking endogamous religious group indigenous to Kurdistan, a geographical region in Western Asia that includes parts of Iraq, Syria, Turkey, & Iran, with small numbers living in Armenia & Georgia (the country). Endogamy is the cultural practice of only marrying within a specific social group, religious denomination, caste, or ethnic group. The majority of the Yazidis remaining in the Middle East today live in Iraq, primarily in the governorates of Nineveh & Duhok.

Yazidism came about through a complex historical process involving a pre-Islamic Kurdish religious substratum & teachings of Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir. Generally, scholars regard Yazidism as an independent religious tradition with deep roots in ancient Iranian beliefs, shaped by later Sufi influences. Yazidism was adopted by many Kurdish tribes & Emirates. It reached as far west as Antioch & as far east as Sulaymaniyah. Sulaymaniyah/Slemani is a city in the East of the Kurdistan region of Iraq.

Yezidi manuscripts (called misurs) were written in the 13th century. It contains lists of Kurdish tribes affiliated with Yezidi Pir saints. Only 2 of the 40 total manuscripts have been published so far. Namely, the Misur of Pir Sini Darani & the Misur of Pir Xetib Pisi. The list in the Misur of Pir Sini Darani includes several large tribes that have been largely or fully Islamized today.

From the 14th century on, Yazidis developed their own religious & political institutions in the areas where they lived. The Yezidi territories were divided into 7 administrative centers. Each has its own Sincaq (This is an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire). More commonly known as Tawis among the Yezids. Sincaqs are sacred bronze effigies bearing the image of a bird or peacock to symbolize Tawusi Melek. They serve as symbols of power for each administrative center.

Every 6 months, the Yezidi Quwals, who are trained reciters of Qewls & other forms of sacred oral Yezidi tradition, were sent out to other Yezidi-inhabited areas with military protection from the central administrative region of Shekhan & the spiritual center of Lalish.

This tradition serves to preserve the Yazidi faith & doctrine. The Qewals, supported by voluntary alms, led a Sincaq through Yazidi villages to maintain spiritual legitimacy & symbolize the authority of Lalish & the Mir.

During WWI, the Armenian genocide of 1915 caused a mass exodus of Yazidis from Van, Kars, & Bazid, Turkey. Together with many Armenians, they fled from the Ottoman Empire in masses to Transcaucasia (a.k.a. South Caucasus. This is located on the border of Eastern Europe & West Asia, which straddles the southern Caucasus Mountains.).

They followed their families/relatives who had already migrated to the territories of the Russian Empire after fleeing during the Russo-Turkish wars in 1828-1829 & 1877-1878. In May 1918, Ottomans crossed the Akhuryan River to invade the Armenian Republic. The Yezidi participation in the decisive Battle of Sardarabad is still commemorated by Armenians.

Yazidism is a monotheistic faith based on belief in 1 God, who created the world & entrusted it into the care of a Heptad of the 7 Holy Beings. Often known as angels or heft sirr (the 7 Mysteries). Preeminent among these is Tawusi Melek (also known as Melek Taus), the Peacock Angel. Traditionally, Yazidis who marry non-Yazidis are considered to have converted to the religion of their spouse.

Make a one-time donation

Your contribution is appreciated.

Make a monthly donation

Your contribution is appreciated.

Make a yearly donation

Your contribution is appreciated.

Rate this:

Yazids

Also spelled Yesidis.

They’re a Kurdish-speaking endogamous religious group indigenous to Kurdistan, a geographical region in Western Asia that includes parts of Iraq, Syria, Turkey, & Iran, with small numbers living in Armenia & Georgia (the country). Endogamy is the cultural practice of only marrying within a specific social group, religious denomination, caste, or ethnic group. The majority of the Yazidis remaining in the Middle East today live in Iraq, primarily in the governorates of Nineveh & Duhok.

Yazidism came about through a complex historical process involving a pre-Islamic Kurdish religious substratum & teachings of Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir. Generally, scholars regard Yazidism as an independent religious tradition with deep roots in ancient Iranian beliefs, shaped by later Sufi influences. Yazidism was adopted by many Kurdish tribes & Emirates. It reached as far west as Antioch & as far east as Sulaymaniyah. Sulaymaniyah/Slemani is a city in the East of the Kurdistan region of Iraq.

Yezidi manuscripts (called misurs) were written in the 13th century. It contains lists of Kurdish tribes affiliated with Yezidi Pir saints. Only 2 of the 40 total manuscripts have been published so far. Namely, the Misur of Pir Sini Darani & the Misur of Pir Xetib Pisi. The list in the Misur of Pir Sini Darani includes several large tribes that have been largely or fully Islamized today.

From the 14th century on, Yazidis developed their own religious & political institutions in the areas where they lived. The Yezidi territories were divided into 7 administrative centers. Each has its own Sincaq (This is an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire). More commonly known as Tawis among the Yezids. Sincaqs are sacred bronze effigies bearing the image of a bird or peacock to symbolize Tawusi Melek. They serve as symbols of power for each administrative center.

Every 6 months, the Yezidi Quwals, who are trained reciters of Qewls & other forms of sacred oral Yezidi tradition, were sent out to other Yezidi-inhabited areas with military protection from the central administrative region of Shekhan & the spiritual center of Lalish.

This tradition serves to preserve the Yazidi faith & doctrine. The Qewals, supported by voluntary alms, led a Sincaq through Yazidi villages to maintain spiritual legitimacy & symbolize the authority of Lalish & the Mir.

During WWI, the Armenian genocide of 1915 caused a mass exodus of Yazidis from Van, Kars, & Bazid, Turkey. Together with many Armenians, they fled from the Ottoman Empire in masses to Transcaucasia (a.k.a. South Caucasus. This is located on the border of Eastern Europe & West Asia, which straddles the southern Caucasus Mountains.).

They followed their families/relatives who had already migrated to the territories of the Russian Empire after fleeing during the Russo-Turkish wars in 1828-1829 & 1877-1878. In May 1918, Ottomans crossed the Akhuryan River to invade the Armenian Republic. The Yezidi participation in the decisive Battle of Sardarabad is still commemorated by Armenians.

Yazidism is a monotheistic faith based on belief in 1 God, who created the world & entrusted it into the care of a Heptad of the 7 Holy Beings. Often known as angels or heft sirr (the 7 Mysteries). Preeminent among these is Tawusi Melek (also known as Melek Taus), the Peacock Angel. Traditionally, Yazidis who marry non-Yazidis are considered to have converted to the religion of their spouse.

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