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  1. DATE: August 30, 2026 at 07:00AM
    SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG

    ** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
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    TITLE: How attention deficit hyperactivity disorder shapes sexual experiences

    URL: psypost.org/how-attention-defi

    Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder often face distinct challenges in maintaining sexual satisfaction and connection with their partners. A recent analysis of personal accounts from people with the condition revealed that characteristics such as a heightened need for novelty and difficulty regulating focus can deeply influence their intimate lives. The findings were published in the journal Archives of Sexual Behavior.

    Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by differences in executive functioning. This term refers to the mental skills involved in working memory, flexible thinking, and self-control. People with the condition often experience variations in how their brains produce and respond to dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical messenger involved in reward processing, motivation, and physical arousal.

    Because of these neurological differences, the condition frequently manifests as distractibility, impulsivity, and a heightened drive to seek out new experiences. These traits can create friction in social settings and intimate partnerships. Previous assessments have indicated that this population generally reports lower levels of sexual satisfaction compared to those without the diagnosis. Yet few investigations have explored exactly how these individuals perceive and navigate their own intimate encounters.

    To understand the lived experiences behind these statistics, researchers Annelil E. Desille of the Institute for Social Neuroscience in Australia and Beatrice Alba of Deakin University gathered personal testimonies. They wanted to identify the specific ways that neurological differences shape both sexual satisfaction and the interactions that follow sexual activity. Understanding these perspectives could eventually help mental health professionals provide better guidance for patients facing relationship difficulties.

    The researchers recruited 98 adults who reported having a formal diagnosis of the condition from a health practitioner. The participants ranged in age from 18 to 64, with the majority residing in Australia or the United States. To confirm the presence and severity of their symptoms, all participants completed a standard self-report screening questionnaire. The study group included 72 women, 17 men, and eight non-binary individuals.

    Through an anonymous online survey, the respondents answered five open-ended questions about their consensual sexual experiences. They were prompted to describe their overall satisfaction, their motivations, and how they communicate with partners. They were also asked to identify specific factors that affect their satisfaction and detail how they act immediately after sex. The researchers chose a written format to reduce social pressure, allowing participants to answer sensitive questions honestly.

    Desille and Alba analyzed the written responses by looking for recurring patterns and underlying ideas. They organized the data into three primary themes that capture the varied ways participants experience intimacy.

    The first theme highlighted a tension between cooperation and disconnection within relationships. Some participants described highly satisfying experiences rooted in teamwork. In these cases, mutual effort, open communication, and a shared emotional connection fostered intimacy. Respondents noted that having a partner who accommodated their needs or shared their diagnosis helped them feel secure and sexually fulfilled.

    Conversely, other respondents reported deep dissatisfaction stemming from a loss of sexual interest in their partners. Some described a habit of suppressing their own needs to please someone else out of a fear of rejection. Others expressed frustration over an inability to maintain interest in a partner after the initial excitement of a new relationship faded. These participants often felt bored or unfulfilled when their specific relational needs were not met.

    A second theme centered on how individuals behave after sexual activity concludes. The responses revealed a split in how participants seek a sense of security during this vulnerable time. Many described a strong desire to connect through physical affection, cuddling, and conversation. These individuals reported that discussing what they enjoyed about the encounter helped them feel grounded and present.

    On the other hand, a portion of the group detailed an urge to withdraw immediately after intimacy. Some respondents dealt with insecurity or sensory overload by independently focusing on daily tasks, showering, or looking at their phones. These opposing reactions highlight how the condition can amplify a person’s need to either intensely seek out reassurance or abruptly distance themselves to regain emotional balance.

    The final theme captured the direct impact of cognitive and behavioral traits on sexual encounters. Participants frequently mentioned how a need for novelty and experimentation shaped their desires. They expressed a preference for trying new things to keep their brains engaged during intimacy.

    They also described the challenge of staying present in the moment. Respondents noted that distractibility, sensory overload, and everyday stress often disrupted their focus and diminished their enjoyment. One participant expressed the need to “somehow keep my attention on the task at hand and not having it drift off into space, and being able to push through the sensory overload to climax.” Overcoming these cognitive hurdles required immense mental energy, which occasionally turned intimacy into a source of stress rather than pleasure.

    The study relies on subjective, self-reported accounts, which provide insight into personal experiences but cannot establish the prevalence of these challenges across the broader population. The researchers also noted that their participant group was heavily skewed toward women. Future research would benefit from a more balanced demographic sample to see if these themes hold true across different genders.

    The analysis did not account for whether participants were taking medication at the time of the survey. Pharmacological treatments are a common approach to managing the condition and could alter a person’s focus and emotional regulation during intimate encounters. Medications can also cause physical side effects that independently affect sexual functioning and satisfaction.

    The researchers also did not track the presence of other mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression. These conditions frequently co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and can influence a person’s sexual satisfaction and relationship dynamics. Documenting these concurrent conditions in future studies could help isolate which relationship challenges are specifically tied to executive functioning differences.

    The study, “It’s Not You, “It’s Me”: Sexual Experiences and Sexual Satisfaction in an ADHD Sample,” was authored by Annelil E. Desille and Beatrice Alba.

    URL: psypost.org/how-attention-defi

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    #psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #ADHDsexuality #ADHDrelationships #SexualSatisfaction #ADHDawareness #Neurodiversity #IntimacyHealth #DopamineAndDesire #SexualWellbeing #NeurodivergentLove #ADHDresearch

  2. DATE: August 26, 2026 at 02:00PM
    SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG

    ** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
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    TITLE: Timing of maternal vocal responses linked to childhood ADHD in preliminary study

    URL: psypost.org/timing-of-maternal

    Babies whose mothers were less likely to respond vocally within one second were more likely to receive certain psychiatric diagnoses years later, particularly ADHD and other disruptive behaviour disorders, in a study published in PLOS One.

    Early conversations between babies and caregivers do not resemble adult dialogue, but they still involve turn-taking. A baby makes a sound, a parent responds, and the child may answer again. This predictable back-and-forth has been linked with communication, emotion regulation and social development. Previous research has connected broad measures of parental responsiveness with later outcomes, but determining precisely what aspect of an interaction carries useful information has proved difficult.

    The researchers therefore focused on timing rather than simply counting how much mothers and infants talked. They asked whether the probability of responding within a particular period could provide a measurable feature of early interaction associated with children’s mental health several years later.

    Led by Bethany Stanley from the University of Glasgow, the study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in England. At around 12 months of age, infants and caregivers had been video-recorded looking at a picture book together in a room designed to resemble a living room.

    After excluding unsuitable recordings, the researchers analysed 158 mother-infant pairs. Of the children, 55 later received at least one psychiatric diagnostic classification and 103 served as controls. Diagnoses assessed around age seven included disruptive behaviour disorders such as ADHD and conduct disorder, autism and emotional disorders such as anxiety or depression.

    Researchers identified the start and end of each vocalisation and calculated how likely each member of the pair was to respond within different time windows. Their data suggested that one second was the most informative threshold for mothers and eight seconds for children. Statistical models then tested whether these measures were associated with later diagnoses while considering characteristics such as birth weight and maternal age.

    Maternal response timing produced the clearest result. For every 10-percentage-point increase in a mother’s probability of answering within one second, the researchers estimated a 17% reduction in the odds that her child later fell into the “any disorder” group. Associations were particularly evident for disruptive behaviour disorders and ADHD, but not for autism or emotional disorders.

    Infants’ own eight-second response measure was much less consistent. One analysis suggested a higher probability of the child responding might be associated with ADHD, and a subgroup analysis produced a possible pattern among boys, but the researchers themselves characterised the latter as weak and requiring further investigation.

    Stanley and colleagues concluded, “these findings demonstrate the potential clinical value of the analysis of caregiver–infant vocalisations in predicting later development of childhood psychiatric disorders.”

    Limitations are to be noted. Diagnostic groups were small — only six children, for example, were in the autism category — and the researchers explicitly describe the results as preliminary. Additionally, old recordings had limited sound quality, preventing analysis of meaning, tone or whether one utterance was truly a direct response to another.

    The study, “Probability of a timely vocal response in mother-infant interaction and later psychiatric diagnosis: A case-control study,” was authored by Bethany Stanley, Clare S. Allely, Jenna Charlton, Christopher Gillberg, James Law, Penny Levickis, Alex McConnachie, Christine Puckering, Lucy Thompson and Philip Wilson.

    URL: psypost.org/timing-of-maternal

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    #psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #MaternalResponsiveness #VocalTiming #ADHDResearch #ChildPsychiatry #EarlyIntervention #CaregiverInfantCommunication #TurnTaking #PLOSOneStudy #DevelopmentalPsychology #ParentChildInteraction

  3. DATE: August 14, 2026 at 12:00PM
    SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG

    ** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
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    TITLE: Could a simple supplement combo help adolescents with ADHD stay on task?

    URL: psypost.org/could-a-simple-sup

    A combination of caffeine and L-theanine, an amino acid commonly found in tea, provides evidence of acute changes in behavioural and neurophysiological measures related to selective attention in adolescents with ADHD. A recent experiment published in Nutritional Neuroscience indicates that a single dose of an L-theanine-caffeine combination enhances the ability of the brain to allocate cognitive resources and attenuate the progressive slowing of reaction time during the task and reduce false alarms in adolescents with ADHD. The findings suggest that this pairing might offer a supplementary nutritional approach for managing ADHD symptoms alongside standard treatments.

    Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent patterns of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. At the neurological level, the disorder involves a dysregulation of brain chemicals like dopamine and norepinephrine. These chemicals help manage motivation, executive functioning, and the ability to maintain focus. People with ADHD often experience specific difficulties with selective attention, which is the cognitive process of focusing on relevant information while suppressing distracting background stimuli.

    To manage these symptoms, doctors frequently prescribe medications like methylphenidate. This medication works by increasing the available levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. At the same time, researchers have become increasingly interested in dietary compounds that might offer additional cognitive support. L-theanine is a non-protein amino acid found naturally in tea leaves that interacts with glutamatergic signalling in the brain, which is involved in processes such as learning and memory.

    Caffeine is a well-known stimulant that blocks adenosine receptors, leading to an increase in the release of dopamine, noradrenaline, glutamate, and acetylcholine, which regulate attention, motivation, and executive functioning. Previous laboratory experiments suggest that high doses of L-theanine and caffeine taken together have a synergistic effect, enhancing attention and cognitive performance in healthy adults.

    “One aspect of this study is why we chose to combine L-theanine with caffeine,” said Gayani Nawarathna, a lecturer in the Division of Physiology at the University of Peradeniya in Sri Lanka. “Caffeine can improve alertness and attention, but higher doses can also cause side effects, however, high doses of L-theanine are safe. So, combination of L-theanine with caffeine may provide caffeine sparing effect.”

    Brain imaging research by Nawarathna and her colleagues also indicates the combination improves inhibitory control. The current study aimed to test whether this combination could improve selective attention in adolescents formally diagnosed with ADHD.

    “Our study was motivated primarily by the limited evidence on whether the cognitive effects of the L-theanine-caffeine combination observed in healthy adults could also be seen in adolescents with ADHD,” Nawarathna explained. “Selective attention is particularly important in ADHD because difficulties in maintaining attention and suppressing distraction can affect academic performance and everyday functioning.”

    “Although previous research had suggested that L-theanine and caffeine could improve attention in healthy adults, evidence specifically examining their effects in children with ADHD was very limited,” Nawarathna added. “We therefore wanted to investigate this question using not only behavioral measures, but also EEG measures of brain activity.”

    The experiment included 21 adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 who were actively taking methylphenidate, 18 of whom were male. The researchers used a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, meaning each participant received all three treatments on different days. Neither the participants nor the researchers knew which treatment was given on a specific day.

    The three treatments included a combination of L-theanine (2.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) and caffeine (2.0 milligrams per kilogram), a starch-based placebo, and the participant’s regular prescribed dose of methylphenidate. “We also included methylphenidate as a positive control, allowing us to put the effects of the combination into the context of an established ADHD treatment,” Nawarathna said.

    The sessions were separated by a washout period of three to seven days to ensure complete elimination of L-theanine and caffeine from the blood. Before each session, participants had to sleep for at least six hours, abstain from tea, coffee or any food or drink containing caffeine for 24 hours, and delay their morning dose of methylphenidate. During each laboratory visit, participants completed a 12-minute computerized visual attention task, then they were given the pill (treatment). Afterward, they completed the exact same task again 50 minutes later.

    The task required them to look at a screen displaying a series of triangles (the standard stimulus was an upward pointing triangle and the target stimulus was a downward pointing triangle). They had to press a button as quickly as possible when they saw a downward-pointing triangle, which appeared 20 percent of the time. They had to ignore the upward-pointing triangles, which appeared 80 percent of the time. While participants were doing the task, the researchers recorded their brain activity using electroencephalography, or EEG, via electrodes placed on the scalp.

    “In particular, we measured P3b amplitude, interpreted as reflecting the allocation of neural resources to the task, and P3b latency, which is associated with the speed of stimulus evaluation,” Nawarathna said.

    Behavioral data from 20 participants and EEG data from 18 participants were included in the final analysis. “The main message is that a single dose of a high-dose L-theanine-caffeine combination produced several changes associated with selective attention in adolescents with ADHD,” Nawarathna told PsyPost. “Compared with placebo, the combination reduced false alarms, suggesting better suppression of distracting or irrelevant information.” Methylphenidate also reduced false alarms. Overall accuracy in identifying the correct targets was very high across all sessions, with participants correctly hitting the button for nearly 68 or 69 out of 70 targets regardless of the treatment. Any variations in correct hits between the treatments were not statistically significant.

    When looking at the speed of the behavioral responses, only methylphenidate improved the average reaction time compared to the placebo, speeding up responses by about 44 milliseconds. “The combination did not significantly improve average reaction time in the same way that methylphenidate did,” Nawarathna explained. “However, when we examined performance across the approximately 12-minute task, we found that L-theanine-caffeine substantially reduced the progressive slowing of responses that occurred as the task continued.”

    Under the placebo condition, reaction times slowed down by about 72 milliseconds from the beginning to the end of the post-dose task, which points to a decline in attention. Both methylphenidate and the L-theanine-caffeine combination attenuated this progressive slowing. “In other words, the combination appeared to help maintain relatively stable attention over time,” Nawarathna added.

    The EEG data provided evidence of how the brain achieved these attentional improvements. “It also produced changes in the P3b EEG response consistent with faster stimulus evaluation and greater allocation of neural resources to the task,” Nawarathna said. Compared to the placebo, the L-theanine and caffeine combination decreased the latency of the P3b event-related potential by approximately 30 milliseconds, meaning the brain evaluated the targets more quickly. The P3b event-related potential changes associated with the L-theanine-caffeine combination were not significantly different from those observed with methylphenidate.

    “I would strongly emphasize that this study does not demonstrate that L-theanine-caffeine is a replacement for methylphenidate or other established ADHD treatments, and it should not be interpreted as a recommendation for adolescents with ADHD to self-administer high doses of caffeine or L-theanine,” Nawarathna highlighted.

    “Our experimental paradigm and interpretation of our findings have certain limitations,” Nawarathna noted. “First, the task yielded high accuracy rates, displaying ceiling effects across treatment conditions. Thus, if future studies aim to explore the potential effects of task accuracy, more demanding attentional tasks have to be employed.” A ceiling effect occurs when an assessment is too easy, causing almost all participants to achieve a near-perfect score.

    “Second, the present sample is powered enough only to reveal a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.7, power = 0.8, alpha = 0.05) in outcome measures; thus, future investigations should have larger samples if the objective is to extract more subtle treatment effects,” Nawarathna explained. Effect size and statistical power refer to the mathematical ability of a study to detect meaningful differences between groups. Because this sample size was small, researchers could only identify major neurological and behavioral shifts.

    “Third, this study focuses only on acute effects of single-dose intervention,” Nawarathna added. “Whether the attentional benefits hold over long-term L-theanine-caffeine supplementation is confounded by other factors, including the potential for tolerance and treatment compliance.”

    “Finally, the present study and the functional neuroimaging studies conducted hitherto tap into specific cognitive functions of the participants tested under controlled laboratory environments,” Nawarathna said. “Whether the attentional improvement we observed translates into their classroom and other real-life scenarios is yet to be determined.”

    Future studies are needed to determine the longer-term safety, tolerability, and potential effectiveness of L-theanine-caffeine supplementation. “We need to find out whether the improvements seen in brain activity lead to better academic performance and everyday functioning (whether they translate into meaningful real-world outcomes) before it can be recommended for regular use as a nutraceutical supplement.”

    The study, “Effects of L-theanine-caffeine combination on selective attention among adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study,” was authored by Gayani S. Nawarathna, Dewasmika I. Ariyasinghe, Nilantha Balasooriya, Anshu Fernando, and Tharaka L. Dassanayake.

    URL: psypost.org/could-a-simple-sup

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    #psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #LtheanineCaffeineADHD #ADHDattentionboost #neurosciencenutrition #cognitiveenhancement #ADHDresearch #selectiveattention #EEG #P3b #nutraceuticals #adolescenthealth

  4. DATE: August 7, 2026 at 07:00AM
    SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG

    ** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
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    TITLE: Stopping ADHD medication alters sleep rhythms long after discontinuation

    URL: psypost.org/stopping-adhd-medi

    Stopping the common attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication methylphenidate can cause lasting disruptions to sleep and activity rhythms. In a recent animal study, researchers found that both adolescent and adult rats experienced reduced rest quality ten days after they stopped taking the drug. The research was published in the journal Psychopharmacology.

    Children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, often experience higher rates of sleep disturbances than their peers. These issues range from difficulty falling asleep to experiencing fragmented and shortened periods of rest. Because sleep problems are so common in this population, medical professionals increasingly view ADHD as a condition that affects people throughout the entire day and night.

    The most frequently prescribed treatment for pediatric ADHD is methylphenidate. This psychostimulant helps improve attention and reduce hyperactivity. Patients taking the drug occasionally report side effects like delayed sleep onset and insomnia.

    Treatment discontinuation among people with ADHD is highly prevalent. Medical data suggests that a large portion of patients eventually stop taking their prescribed psychostimulants, with the highest dropout rates occurring among young adults.

    Researchers have debated whether the medication itself worsens existing sleep disturbances or contributes to new sleep disorders later in life. Much of the existing data focuses on the drug’s effects while a patient is actively taking it. Very few clinical or laboratory studies have tracked what happens to sleep patterns once the medication is stopped.

    To answer this question, researchers led by psychologist Leslie R. Amodeo and graduate researcher Carolyn Cueto at California State University, San Bernardino, designed an experiment using an animal model. By observing rats without an underlying disorder, the team aimed to isolate the physiological effects of the drug from the behavioral symptoms of ADHD. They investigated how methylphenidate influenced the natural rest and wake cycles of male and female rats during both adolescence and adulthood.

    The experiment involved one hundred and eight Long-Evans rats divided into groups of 56 adolescents and 52 adults. The animals received either a saline control injection or a specific dose of methylphenidate twice a day for ten days. The researchers administered doses of one or two milligrams per kilogram, which correspond to clinically relevant levels in human patients. To mimic the prolonged exposure typical of medical treatment, the researchers administered the drug in the morning and the evening.

    To measure activity levels, the researchers fitted each rat with a customized spandex jacket equipped with a lightweight commercial activity monitor. These monitors tracked the animals’ physical movements continuously throughout a twenty-four-hour cycle. Rats are nocturnal animals, meaning they are naturally active in the dark and rest when their environment is brightly lit.

    The research team gathered minute-by-minute movement data on three specific days. They analyzed activity on the final day of the medication regimen, on the first day after the drug was stopped, and ten days after the treatment ended.

    On the final day of treatment, the medication increased overall activity levels across both the light and dark phases. Adult rats receiving the higher dose experienced longer and more frequent active periods during their usual waking hours in the dark. The researchers also noticed shifts in the timing of the animals’ daily circadian rhythms, with peak activity occurring later than usual.

    The medication altered the quality of rest during the light phase as well. Female rats in particular showed signs of impaired rest on the last day of the drug regimen. They experienced fewer total rest periods and exhibited more fragmented sleep patterns compared to those receiving the saline control.

    The researchers then stopped the injections and observed the animals during the first twenty-four hours of withdrawal. During this acute discontinuation phase, the rats’ activity patterns began to shift in the opposite direction. The previously sustained periods of wakefulness seen in adult rats shortened and became more erratic.

    During their normal resting phase in the light, the rats undergoing acute withdrawal continued to experience sleep disruptions. Adolescent rats that had received the lower dose of the drug showed shorter rest episodes than their peers in the control group. Both male and female rats experienced an increase in rest fragmentation, meaning their periods of stillness were frequently interrupted by bursts of movement.

    The most pronounced impairments emerged ten days after the animals stopped taking the medication. During this prolonged withdrawal phase, widespread disruptions to rest quality appeared across all age and sex groups. Rats that had been given methylphenidate experienced a drop in both the total number of rest episodes and the average duration of each resting period.

    The activity monitors revealed that the animals’ sleep-like states remained highly fragmented long after the stimulant had left their biological systems. Sleep fragmentation involves frequent physical arousals that interrupt continuous rest. In human populations, this type of fragmented rest is linked to memory impairment, increased physical stress, and metabolic dysfunction.

    While the findings demonstrate a link between methylphenidate withdrawal and altered rest patterns in an animal model, rats process medications differently than humans. The rats used in this study also did not have a neurological equivalent of ADHD. People taking the medication for a diagnosed condition might experience different physiological responses than a non-diseased animal subject.

    The researchers measured sleep-like behavior using activity monitors that track physical movement rather than brain waves. True sleep architecture requires monitoring electrical activity in the brain to identify specific sleep stages. Relying on physical stillness provides a useful approximation for rest, but it does not capture the deeper neurological shifts associated with entering deep sleep.

    Future research will need to explore exactly how early exposure to stimulants alters the brain’s long-term sleep and arousal circuitry. Previous rodent studies have suggested that withdrawing from stimulants can alter glucose metabolism in the hypothalamus, a brain region critical to regulating wakefulness. Researchers hope to determine if these prolonged sleep disturbances contribute to changes in cognitive function or reward processing later in life. Understanding these extended withdrawal effects could help doctors better manage the treatment plans of patients who eventually stop taking their medication.

    The study, “Methylphenidate leads to disruptions in rest/wake patterns after discontinuation,” was authored by Carolyn Cueto, Magdalena R. Gonzales, Alexandra N. Tejada, Kimberly Guerrero Leon, Alexandra Mora, Andrew Cabrera, and Leslie R. Amodeo.

    URL: psypost.org/stopping-adhd-medi

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    #psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #ADHD #MethylphenidateWithdrawal #SleepDisruption #CircadianRhythms #RestQuality #MedicationDiscontinuation #ADHDResearch #SleepHealth #Psychopharmacology #AnimalStudy