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#thermodynamics — Public Fediverse posts

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  1. Mir Books @[email protected] ·

    Chemical Thermodynamics by M.Kh. Karapetyants

    The book is primarily aimed at students in higher education specialising in chemistry, particularly future engineers. The author has avoided unnecessary abstraction and overly complex mathematics to ensure the material remains practical and accessible, while still providing a solid theoretical foundation. The content includes approximate laws that allow for quick, practical problem-solving, even when precise values are unavailable. The author integrates empirical thermodynamics with the periodic table to make thermodynamic concepts more comprehensible, particularly entropy, which students often find difficult to grasp.

    The book also addresses the importance of connecting thermodynamics with other branches of chemistry, such as general and inorganic chemistry, to enhance students’ understanding for later courses. The primary focus is on the thermodynamics of gaseous systems, with less emphasis on solutions and electrolytes. Numerous examples, mainly related to inorganic substances and chemical processing, help students apply theory to practical problems, with calculations that can be compared to experimental data. The book also includes many tables and figures derived from various sources to support these applications.

     

    Translated from the Russian by G. Leib

    Credits to the original uploaders, this is a cleaned optimised scan.

    You can get the book here and here

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    Contents

    List of Tables 11
    Preface 13
    Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 15
    1.1. The Subject and Method of Thermodynamics 15
    1.2. Basic Concepts and Definitions 17
    1.2.1. Systems and Their Classification 17
    1.2.2. Thermodynamic Parameters 18
    1.2.3. Work and Heat 22
    1.2.4. Reversible and Irreversible Processes 23
    1.2.5. Mathematical Relations Between the Parameters of State 28
    1.3. Terms and Symbols 33
    Chapter 2. THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 35
    2.1. Content of the First Law 35
    2.1.1. Cyclic Processes 35
    2.1.2. Non-Cyclic Processes. Internal Energy 36
    2.2. Enthalpy 41
    Chapter 3. HEAT EFFECTS AND HEAT CAPACITIES 45
    3.1. Hess’s Law 45
    3.2. Standard Heat Effects 49
    3.3. Some Methods of Calculating Heat Effects 53
    3.3.1. Heats of Formation 53
    3.3.2. Heats of Combustion 57
    3.3.3. Comparative Calculation of Heat Effects 58
    3.4. Heat Capacity 58
    3.4.1. Heat Capacity in Different Processes 58
    3.4.2. Temperature Dependence of Heat Capacity 61
    3.4.3. Certain Laws 71
    3.5. Temperature Dependence of Heat Effect 73
    3.5.1. Kirchhoff Equation 73
    3.5.2. Equation AH = <p(T) in Its Final Form 77
    3.5.3. Heat Balance 84
    Chapter 4. THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 87
    4.1. Content of the Second Law 87
    4.1.1. The Carnot Cycle 87
    4.1.2. Thermodynamic Temperature Scale 91
    4.1.3. Impossibility of a Perpetual Motion Machine 92
    4.2. Entropy 94
    4.2.1. Change in Entropy in Reversible Processes 95
    4.2.2. Change in Entropy in Irreversible Processes 97
    4.2.3. Change in Entropy as a Criterion of the Equilibrium and Spontaneity of Processes 98
    4.2.4. Relation Between Entropy and Other Thermodynamic Parameters and Some Relationships Between Derived Functions 102
    4.3. Substantiation of the Second Law 106
    4.3.1. Thermodynamic Probability of a State 106
    4.3.2. Phase Space 106
    4.3.3. Relationship Between Entropy and Thermodynamic Probability 108
    4.3.4. Fluctuations 110
    4.3.5. The Invalidity of the “Theory of Heat Death” of the Universe 112
    Chapter 5. THERMODYNAMIC AND CHEMICAL POTENTIALS. THE GENERAL CONDITIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM 114
    5.1. Thermodynamic Potentials 114
    5.1.1. Change in Thermodynamic Potential as a Criterion of the Equilibrium and Spontaneous Nature of a Process 119
    5.1.2. Various Thermodynamic Relationships 121
    5.2. Characteristic Functions 123
    5.3. Chemical Potential 128
    5.4. General Conditions of Equilibrium 131
    5.4.1. Stable and Unstable Equilibria 132
    5.4.2. Equilibrium Coexistence of Phases. The Gibbs Phase Rule 134
    5.4.3. Principle of Displacement of Equilibrium 139
    Chapter 6. ONE-COMPONENT HOMOGENEOUS SYSTEMS 141
    6.1. Ideal Gas 141
    6.2. Equations of State of a Real Gas 150
    6.3. Fugacity 159
    6.3.1. Standard State 160
    6.3.2. Temperature Dependence of Fugacity 162
    6.3.3. Methods of Calculating Fugacity 163
    6.4. Throttling 168
    6.5. Calculation of Properties of Gases According to Experimental Data 175
    6.5.1. Calculations Using the Relationships p-V-T and Cp = q>(T) 175
    6.5.2. Calculations Using the Relationships Cp = <p(p, T) or H = q(p, T) and VT> = 9 (p) 184
    6.5.3. Calculations Using (ij and C9 185
    6.5.4. Influence of Pressure on the Heat Effect of a Reaction 185
    6.6. A Generalized Method of Calculating Selected Properties of Gases and Liquids at Pressures above Atmospheric 186
    6.6.1. Gases 186
    6.6.2. Liquids 199
    Chapter 7. ONE-COMPONENT HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS 205
    7.1. Relationship Between Temperature and Pressure with Coexisting Phases 205
    7.1.1. Clapeyron-Clausius Equation 205
    7.1.2. Approximate Relationships 209
    7.2. Methods for the Comparative Calculation of the Temperature Dependence of the Saturated Vapour Pressure 214
    7.2.1. Straight Line Method 215
    7.2.2. Method of Comparing Boiling Points of Given and Standard Substances at Equal Vapour Pressures 216
    7.2.3. Method of Comparing Vapour Pressures of Various Substances at Equal Boiling Points 218
    7.2.4. Method of Comparing Vapour Pressures of Various Substances at Equal Reduced Boiling Points 220
    7.3. Critical State 221
    7.4. Heat Capacities of Coexisting Phases and Heats of Phase Transitions 227
    7.4.1. Heat Capacities of Coexisting Phases 227
    7.4.2. Heats of Phase Transitions 232
    7.5. Influence of Total Pressure on Saturated Vapour Pressure 244
    7.6. Influence of Surface Curvature on Saturated Vapour Pressure 247
    7.7. Second-Order Phase Transitions 249
    Chapter 8. SOLUTIONS 251
    8.1. Fundamental Concepts and Definitions 251
    8.2. Partial Molar Quantities 255
    8.2.1. Basic Equations 257
    8.2.2. Methods of Calculation 260
    8.3. Heat Capacities and Enthalpies of Solutions 264
    8.3.1. Partial Molar Heat Capacities 264
    8.3.2. Partial Molar Enthalpies 265
    8.4. Ideal Solutions 272
    8.5. Infinitely Dilute Solutions 278
    8.5.1. Partial Molar Quantities 279
    8.5.2. Henry’s Law 281
    Chapter 9. BINARY SOLUTION-PURE COMPONENT EQUILIBRIUM 285
    9.1. Relationship Between Temperature and Concentration 285
    9.1.1. Solution-Solid Component Equilibrium 287
    9.1.2. Analysis of Solubility Diagrams 292
    9.1.3. Solution-Gas Equilibrium 304
    9.2. Relationship Between Pressure and Concentration 305
    9.2.1. Solution-Solid Component Equilibrium 306
    9.2.2. Solution-Gas Equilibrium 307
    9.3. Gas Mixture-Pure Component Equilibrium 317
    9.4. Influence of Dispersion on Solubility 318
    Chapter 10. SOLUTION-SOLUTION EQUILIBRIUM IN BINARY MIXTURES 319
    10.1. Liquid-Gas Equilibrium for Completely Miscible Liquids at Low Pressures 319
    10.1.1. Ideal Solution-Mixture of Ideal Gases 319
    10.1.2. Non-Ideal Solution-Mixture of Ideal Gases 322
    10.1.3. Separation of Solution Components 332
    10.2. Liquid-Gas Equilibrium for Completely Miscible Liquids at High Pressures 334
    10.2.1. Critical Phenomena 341
    10.3. Equilibrium in Systems with Incompletely Miscible Liquids 349
    10.3.1. Liquid-Gas Equilibrium 349
    10.3.2. Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium 351
    10.3.3. Gas-Gas Equilibrium 352
    10.4. Liquid-Gas Equilibrium for Immiscible Liquids 355
    Chapter 11. EQUILIBRIUM IN THREE- AND FOUR-COMPONENT SYSTEMS 359
    11.1. Depicting Composition 359
    11.1.1. Three-Component Systems 359
    11.1.2. Four-Component Systems 361
    11.2. Liquid-Solid Equilibrium in Three-Component Systems 362
    11.2.1. Substances Forming No Compounds 362
    11.2.2. Substances Forming Compounds 366
    11.2.3. Isotherms of Aqueous Solutions of Two Common-Ion Salts 367
    11.3. Mutual Solubility of Three Liquids 385
    11.4. Liquid-Gas Equilibrium in Ternary Systems 391
    11.4.1. Isotherm 391
    11.4.2. Is

    obaric Systems 399
    Chapter 12. THE PRINCIPLE OF MAXIMUM ENTROPY 405
    12.1. Entropy as a Thermodynamic Function 405
    12.2. Method of Maximum Entropy 410
    12.3. Application of the Maximum Entropy Principle in Thermodynamics 414
    Chapter 13. MODERN CONCEPTS OF THERMODYNAMICS 419
    13.1. Thermodynamic Models 419
    13.2. Relations with Other Areas of Science 421
    13.3. Role of Thermodynamics in Physical Chemistry 424
    13.4. Applications of Thermodynamics in Industry 427
    13.5. Advanced Topics in Thermodynamics 430

    Chapter 14. EQUILIBRIUM TRANSFORMATION 518

    14.1. Direction of a Process 518

    14.2. Calculation of Equilibrium Transformation 527

    14.2.1. Reactions in the Gaseous Phase 528

    14.2.2. Reactions in Solutions 531

    14.2.3. Heterogeneous Reactions 533

    14.2.4. Electrochemical Reactions 537

    14.3. Influence of Various Factors on the Extent of a Reaction 541

    14.3.1. Temperature 541

    14.3.2. Pressure 545

    14.3.3. Presence of an Inert Gas 548

    14.3.4. Ratio of Reactants 549

    14.3.5. Change in Surface Area 550

    14.3.6. Kind of Reaction 552

    14.4. Equilibrium in Complex Chemical Systems 553

    14.5. Sources of Errors in Calculating Equilibrium 562

    14.5.1. Errors Due to Inaccuracy of Experimental Data 562

    14.5.2. Errors Connected with the Processing of Experimental Data 564

    14.6. Theoretical and Practical Extents of a Reaction 566

     

    Chapter 15. FUNDAMENTALS OF QUANTUM STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS OF THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS AND CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM FROM SPECTROSCOPIC DATA 568

    15.1. Introduction 568

    15.2. Thermodynamic Properties of Gases Due to Translational Degrees of Freedom 572

    15.3. Thermodynamic Properties of Gases Due to Intramolecular Degrees of Freedom 575

    15.3.1. Rotational Partition Function 577

    15.3.2. Vibrational Partition Function 583

    15.3.3. Partition Function for Electronic Excitation 587

    15.3.4. Nuclear Spin 588

    15.3.5. Effect of Isotopic Composition 589

    15.3.6. Group of Properties 589

    15.4. Calculation of Chemical Equilibrium 592

    APPENDICES 599

    List of Symbols 599

    Heat Capacities, Standard Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of

    #chemistry #sovietLiterature #thermodynamicSystems #thermodynamics
    #chemistry #sovietliterature #thermodynamicsystems #thermodynamics
  2. Australia News Beep @[email protected] ·

    Physicists Find Useful Energy Hiding in Quantum “Waste Heat”

    An atom in a cavity between two mirrors (left) acts as a heat engine in a driven-dissipative quantum…
    #NewsBeep #News #Physics #AU #Australia #QuantumMechanics #QuantumPhysics #quantumtechnology #Science #Thermodynamics #UniversityofBasel
    newsbeep.com/au/885958/

    #newsbeep #news #physics #au #australia #quantummechanics
  3. Australia News Beep @[email protected] ·

    Physicists Find Useful Energy Hiding in Quantum “Waste Heat”

    An atom in a cavity between two mirrors (left) acts as a heat engine in a driven-dissipative quantum…
    #NewsBeep #News #Physics #AU #Australia #QuantumMechanics #QuantumPhysics #quantumtechnology #Science #Thermodynamics #UniversityofBasel
    newsbeep.com/au/885958/

    #universityofbasel #thermodynamics #science #quantumtechnology #quantumphysics #quantummechanics
  4. Yuriy Karetin @[email protected] ·

    АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ, ANTHROPOLOGY, АНТРОПОЛОГІЯ
    #АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ, #ANTHROPOLOGY, #АНТРОПОЛОГІЯ
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/542

    Thermodynamics, statistical physics
    Термодинамика, статистическая физика
    Термодинаміка, статистична фізика
    #Thermodynamics, #statistical physics
    #Термодинамика, #статистическаяфизика
    #Термодинаміка, #статистична    фізика
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/541

    PQm Quantum mechanics
    Квантовая механика
    Квантова механіка
    #Quantum mechanics
    #Квантоваямеханика
    #Квантова    механіка
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/540

    PQft Quantum field theory
    Квантовая теория поля
    Квантова теорія поля
    #Quantum field theory
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/539

    Фазовые переходы
    Phase_transitions, Фазовіпереходи
    #Фазовые переходы
    #Phase transitions, #Фазові    переходи
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/538

    Пиротехника, Піротехніка, Pyrotechnics
    #Пиротехника, #Піротехніка, #Pyrotechnics
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/537

    Астрономия, Астрономія, Astronomy
    #Астрономия, #Астрономія, #Astronomy
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/536

    PPop Popular-level
    Популярная физика
    Популярна Фізика
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/535

    PG General courses
    Общие курсы
    Загальні курси
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/534

    PPl Plasma Плазма
    Физика плазмы
    #Plasma #Плазма
    #Физика плазмы
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/533

    PPh Philosophy of Physics
    Философия физики,
    Філософія фізики
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/532

    POs Oscillations and waves
    Колебания и волны
    Коливання і хвилі
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/531

    PNu Nuclear Physics
    Ядерна фізика
    Ядерная физика
    #Nuclear Physics
    #Ядернафізика
    #Ядерная    физика
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/530

    PNc Nonlinear chaos
    Нелинейный хаос
    Нелінійний хаос
    #Nonlinear chaos
    #Нелинейныйхаос
    #Нелінійний    хаос
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/529

    PM Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics
    Атомна молекулярна та оптична Фізика
    Атомная молекулярная и оптическая физика
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/528

    PGrc Cosmology
    Космология
    Космологія
    #Cosmology
    #Космология
    #Космологія
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/527

    PGr Gravitation
    Гравитация
    Гравітація
    #Gravitation
    #Гравитация
    #Гравітація
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/526

    PGe Encyclopaediae physics
    Енциклопедія
    Энциклопедии
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/525

    PE Electromagnetism
    Електромагнетизм
    Электромагнетизм
    #Electromagnetism
    #Електромагнетизм
    #Электромагнетизм
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/523

    PD Dynamical systems
    Динамические системы
    Динамічна система
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/522

    PCh Chemical physics
    Хімічна фізика
    Химическая физика
    #Chemical physics
    #Хімічнафізика
    #Химическая    физика
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/521

    PCtm Theoretical mechanics
    Теоретическая механика
    Теоретична механіка
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/520

    PCstr Special relativity
    Спеціальна теорія відносності
    Специальная теория относительности
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/519

    PCft Classical fields
    Классические поля, классическая теория поля, класична теорія поля
    t.me/scilib_yura15cbx/518

    #astronomy #anthropology #cosmology #electromagnetism #plasma #thermodynamics
  5. Jeff MacKinnon @[email protected] ·

    There will NOT be large scale datacenters in space until we have permanent bases in space where we can mine, refine and manufacturer to raw materials without having to launch them out of our gravity well.

    spectrum.ieee.org/orbital-data

    The economics and brutal physics of space agree.

    #sciencefiction #thermodynamics #space #spaceKaren

    #sciencefiction #thermodynamics #space #spacekaren
  6. Paul Houle @[email protected] ·

    😈 Enzymes work as 'Maxwell's demon' by using memory stored as motion

    phys.org/news/2026-02-enzymes-

    #enzymes #thermodynamics #catalyst #chemistry #biology

    #enzymes #thermodynamics #catalyst #chemistry #biology
  7. katch wreck @[email protected] ·

    "We argue that the expansion of the token budget does not resolve a deeper constraint: under structural uncertainty, the decisive variable is not how many questions can be answered but which questions are worth asking -- a problem of agency and direction that computation alone cannot solve."

    arxiv.org/abs/2603.06630

    #LLM #physics #informationTheory #thermodynamics #emtropy #economics

    #llm #physics #informationtheory #thermodynamics #emtropy #economics
  8. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #AlexanderVilenkin - Did the #Universe Begin?

    youtube.com/watch?v=DYf8-jOUUw

    #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #Science #PhilosophyOfCosmology #Cosmology #BigBang #Inflation #QM #QuantumMechanics #QuntumPhysics #Physics #Astrophysics #Multiverse #Origins #Thermodynamics #2ndLaw #SecondLaw #Entropy #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #entropy #secondlaw #2ndlaw #thermodynamics
  9. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #RaphaelBousso - #Events and the Nature of #Time

    youtube.com/watch?v=z4lsok7h0G

    #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfCosmology #Cosmology #PhilosophyOfTime #QM #QuantumMechanics #QuantumTheory #QuantumPhysics #Physics #GR #GeneralRelativity #Gravity #QuantumCosmology #QuantumGravity #Entropy #2ndLaw #SecondLaw #Thermodynamics #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #thermodynamics #secondlaw #2ndlaw #entropy
  10. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #GarretModdel - Unlocking #ZeroPoint #Energy

    youtube.com/watch?v=2tGRhTXKh8

    #Physics #Materials #ZeroPointEnergy #FreeEnergy #Entropy #2ndLaw #Thermodynamics #Casimir #CasimirEffect #Science #PseudoScience

    #pseudoscience #science #casimireffect #casimir #thermodynamics #2ndlaw
  11. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #DavidAlbert - Setting #Time Aright

    youtube.com/watch?v=UHcsE3rZgD

    #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #Science #Physics #Causality #Entropy #SecondLaw #2ndLaw #Thermodynamics #TimeReversalSymmetry #Symmetry #Asymmetry #Motion #EquationsOfMotion #Boltzmann #Probability #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #probability #boltzmann #equationsofmotion #motion
  12. fbsz @fbsz ·

    decides the eventually future of our universe. Entropy means that the structured universe is becoming more , second law of says that 'entropy of any isolated system always increases over time', this causes the more with to be disordered. Our sun fuses into heavy elements and in about 5 Billion years or so, the sun will run out of fuel.

    #entropy #disordered #thermodynamics #ordered #sun #hydrogen
  13. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #NeilGershenfeld and #LexFridman - #MaxwellsDemon: Does #Life violate the #2ndLaw of #Thermodynamics?

    youtube.com/watch?v=eS0JXViv0c

    #Physics #Biology #Information #Search #AI #ArtificialIntelligence #MolecularMachines #Evolution #Energy

    #energy #evolution #molecularmachines #artificialintelligence #ai #search
  14. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    Could One #Physics #Theory Unlock the #Mysteries of the #Brain?

    youtube.com/watch?v=hjGFp7lMi9

    #PerBak #PhilosophyOfScience #Science #Neuroscience #Biology #MolecularBiology #Thermodynamics #SellfSimilar #ScaleInvariance #Fractal #Fractals #CriticalPoint #Criticality #Ising #IsingModel #PhaseState #PhaseTransition #PhaseTransitions #Homeostasis #QuasiCrticality

    #quasicrticality #homeostasis #phasetransitions #phasetransition #phasestate #isingmodel
  15. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #FabioPacucci - The #BoltzmannBrain #Paradox

    youtube.com/watch?v=OpohbXB_JZ

    #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #Probability #Statistics #Metaphysics #Physics #Cosmology #Observation #Measurement #MeasureProblem #TheMeasureProblem #Boltzmann #LudwigBoltzmann #Thermodynamics #Entropy #BoltzmannBrains #Infinity #InfiniteAge #Randomness #Fluctuations #Multiverse #TEDED #TED

    #ted #teded #multiverse #fluctuations #randomness #infiniteage
  16. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #PBSSpaceTime - #WhiteHoles

    youtube.com/watch?v=S4aqGI1mSq

    #Science #Physics #Astrophysics #Cosmology #BlackHole #BlackHoles #WhiteHole #EventHorizon #TimeReversed #Time #AlbertEinstein #Einstein #GR #GeneralRelativity #KarlSchwarzschild #Schwarzschild #SchwarzschildMetric #Singularity #FutureSingularity #Penrore #RogerPenroseDiagram #Penrose #Entropy #2ndLaw #Thermodynamics #PBS #Spacetime #MattOdowd

    #mattodowd #penrose #rogerpenrosediagram #penrore #futuresingularity #singularity
  17. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #SethLloyd - Gap Between #NonLife and #Life

    youtube.com/watch?v=IyLwMXz5ES

    #Science #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #PhilosophyOfLife #Biology #Information #Entropy #Thermodynamics #2ndLaw #PhaseTransition #PhaseTransitions #Reproduction #Inheritance #DNA #RNA #Order #Disorder #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #disorder #order #rna #dna
  18. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #FrankTipler - Is #Consciousness an #UltimateFact?

    youtube.com/watch?v=SZsK8WY6hB

    #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfMind #Mind #LawsOfPhysics #Physics #Thermodynamics #2ndLaw #Entropy #Thinking #Dualism #BodyAndSoul #ImmaterialSoul #Soul #TheSoul #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #thesoul #soul #immaterialsoul #bodyandsoul
  19. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #MaxTegmark - Is the #World #SelfOrganizing?

    youtube.com/watch?v=-uHriH4isW

    #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #PhilosophyOfPhysics #Entropy #2ndLaw #Thermodynamics #2ndLawOfThermodynamics #Order #Disorder #QM #QuantumMechanics #QuantumPhysics #Observer #Observation #ObserverInteraction #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #observerinteraction #observation #observer #quantumphysics
  20. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #SeanCarroll - The mind-bending #Physics of #Time

    youtube.com/watch?v=AZsmyTE3j9

    #Science #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #PhilosophyOfTime #NatureOfTime #Cosmology #PastHypothesis #Entropy #SpaceTime #GR #GeneralRelativity #QM #QuantumMechanics #QuantumPhysics #BigBang #TheBigBang #ArrowOfTime #2ndLaw #Thermodynamics

    #thermodynamics #2ndlaw #arrowoftime #thebigbang #bigbang #quantumphysics
  21. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #SeanCarroll - The #Physics of #Entropy and the #OriginOfLife

    youtube.com/watch?v=Sz1n0RHwLq

    #Science #Philosophy #PhilosophyOfScience #PhilosophyOfPhysics #Order #Disorder #Microstates #Macrostates #LudwigBoltzmann #Thermodynamics #SecondLaw #SecondLawOfThermodynamics #2ndLaw #2ndLawOfThermodynamics #Boltzmann #Statistics #StatisticalMechanics #ThermalEquilibrium #HeatDeath #Complexity #Simplicity

    #simplicity #complexity #heatdeath #thermalequilibrium #statisticalmechanics #statistics
  22. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #AnthonyAguirre - The #ExplanatoryGap Between Non-Life and #Life

    youtube.com/watch?v=TP9Siz_Yyp

    #Science #Physics #Entropy #2ndLaw #2ndLawOfThermodynamics #SecondLaw #SecondLawOfThermodynamics #Thermodynamics #InformationProcessing #Teleology #MaxwellsDemon #MaxwellsDaemon #CloserToTruth #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruth #maxwellsdaemon #maxwellsdemon #teleology #informationprocessing
  23. Jim Donegan 🎵 ✅ @[email protected] ·

    #SeanCarroll - #Philosophy of #Physics and #Cosmology

    youtube.com/watch?v=T5-R16GbxY

    #Science #PhilosophyOfScience #PhilosophyOfCosmology #PhilosophyOfPhysics #Complexity #Entropy #2ndLaw #2ndLawOfThermodynamics #Thermodynamics #LawsOfPhysics #LawsOfNature #Multiverse #TheMultiverse #CloserToTruth #CloserToTruthTV #RobertKuhn

    #robertkuhn #closertotruthtv #closertotruth #themultiverse #multiverse #lawsofnature
  24. IT News @[email protected] ·

    Scientists test medieval gunpowder recipes with 15th-century cannon replica - Enlarge / Researchers tested medieval gunpowder recipes in this replica of an ear... - arstechnica.com/?p=1798816 #bombcalorimetry #medievalhistory #thermodynamics #combustion #chemistry #gunpowder #science

    #science #gunpowder #chemistry #combustion #thermodynamics #medievalhistory