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#BoilerManual #AirAndGasFlow #Section3 #Page37

The design curves associated with the superheater spray attemperators can be seen in Figure 32.

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Alt = A rather confusing graph where the x axis isn't labeled anything but is set out from 1.4 to 4.2 marked out in .2 increments. The y axis has 3 label segments but appears to have only two. The lowest y segment is in steam temp. (F) from 700 to 1000 in increments of 100 then above the 1000 mark is the 0 line, starting the second segment marked Spray, water flow attemperator, M lb/hr; it's marked out 0 to 200 in increments of 50. Above the 200 mark begins the third segment marked Pressure - psig with a line marked 2400. It runs in increments of 200 until the 3600 mark, then an unmarked line above that. Just above the 3600 line is a solid line drawn across to the 3.4 point on the x axis, marked Design pressure of spray piping from economizer to control valve. Below those, in top down order, are lines representing Water at econ. inlet; Steam at sec. S.H. inlet; Normal spray 4% (these 3 lines are across the middle segment of the y axis); Leaving secondary superheater (a straight line across the 1000 mark in segment 1); between the 700 and 800 lines on segment 1 are marked Leaving primary superheater; Entering secondary superheater.

#BoilerManual #AirAndGasFlow #Section3 #Page37

The design curves associated with the superheater spray attemperators can be seen in Figure 32.

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Alt = A rather confusing graph where the x axis isn't labeled anything but is set out from 1.4 to 4.2 marked out in .2 increments. The y axis has 3 label segments but appears to have only two. The lowest y segment is in steam temp. (F) from 700 to 1000 in increments of 100 then above the 1000 mark is the 0 line, starting the second segment marked Spray, water flow attemperator, M lb/hr; it's marked out 0 to 200 in increments of 50. Above the 200 mark begins the third segment marked Pressure - psig with a line marked 2400. It runs in increments of 200 until the 3600 mark, then an unmarked line above that. Just above the 3600 line is a solid line drawn across to the 3.4 point on the x axis, marked Design pressure of spray piping from economizer to control valve. Below those, in top down order, are lines representing Water at econ. inlet; Steam at sec. S.H. inlet; Normal spray 4% (these 3 lines are across the middle segment of the y axis); Leaving secondary superheater (a straight line across the 1000 mark in segment 1); between the 700 and 800 lines on segment 1 are marked Leaving primary superheater; Entering secondary superheater.

#BoilerManual #FluidCirculation #Section2 #Page37

slightly superheated upon entering the roof inlet header. At this point, steam temperature begins to rise again (and becomes more superheated) as it passes through the roof tubes and convection pass enclosures. Superheated steam at about 695 F enters the primary superheater where its temperature is increased to about 765 F. Between the primary and secondary superheater, the superheated steam is attemperated, thus reducing its temperature and enthalpy below that of the PSH.

By the time steam exits the SSH, it has been brought up to the desired steam temperature of 1005 F. Due to pressure losses throughout the system, the steam pressure leaving the SSH is 2620 psi.

Temperature and pressure are expended in doing work on the HP turbine. Low pressure steam leaving the turbine enters the reheater at 547 psi and 622 F. Lost pressure cannot be regained in the reheater. However, energy in the form of temperature and enthalpy can be regained. Superheated steam leaves the reheater and enters the intermediate and low pressure stages of the turbine at 1005 F and 519 psi. This completes the boiler fluid cycle at full load.

This concludes the section on fluid circulation through the UP boiler. You should now be familiar with the fluid flow paths in addition to the effects of pressure and temperature on the state of the fluid. You should also be aware of the impact that you, as the operator, have on determining the operating efficiency of your unit.

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#BoilerManual #FluidCirculation #Section2 #Page37

slightly superheated upon entering the roof inlet header. At this point, steam temperature begins to rise again (and becomes more superheated) as it passes through the roof tubes and convection pass enclosures. Superheated steam at about 695 F enters the primary superheater where its temperature is increased to about 765 F. Between the primary and secondary superheater, the superheated steam is attemperated, thus reducing its temperature and enthalpy below that of the PSH.

By the time steam exits the SSH, it has been brought up to the desired steam temperature of 1005 F. Due to pressure losses throughout the system, the steam pressure leaving the SSH is 2620 psi.

Temperature and pressure are expended in doing work on the HP turbine. Low pressure steam leaving the turbine enters the reheater at 547 psi and 622 F. Lost pressure cannot be regained in the reheater. However, energy in the form of temperature and enthalpy can be regained. Superheated steam leaves the reheater and enters the intermediate and low pressure stages of the turbine at 1005 F and 519 psi. This completes the boiler fluid cycle at full load.

This concludes the section on fluid circulation through the UP boiler. You should now be familiar with the fluid flow paths in addition to the effects of pressure and temperature on the state of the fluid. You should also be aware of the impact that you, as the operator, have on determining the operating efficiency of your unit.

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