#intellectual — Public Fediverse posts
Live and recent posts from across the Fediverse tagged #intellectual, aggregated by home.social.
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Innovation Drives Surge in #Intellectual #Property Filings -
https://kensbookinfo.blogspot.com/p/ireland.html#RTÉ#OpenAI launches self-serve ads for #ChatGPT -
https://kensbookinfo.blogspot.com/p/religon.html#3Anthropic joins forces with #SpaceX for Colossus capacity -
https://kensbookinfo.blogspot.com/p/infotech.html#83#India hosts 5th #BRICS SAI Leaders' Summit -
https://kensbookinfo.blogspot.com/p/blog-page.html#1#Researcher trials smartwatches to predict -
https://kensbookinfo.blogspot.com/p/health.html#12View all news from States in the US news https://kensbookinfo.blogspot.com/2026/03/latest-news-from-united-states.html
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A quotation from Christopher Marlowe
CHORUS: Cut is the branch that might have grown full straight,
And burnèd is Apollo’s laurel bough,
That sometime grew within this learnèd man.
Faustus is gone. Regard his hellish fall,
Whose fiendful fortune may exhort the wise
Only to wonder at unlawful things,
Whose deepness doth entice such forward wits,
To practise more than heavenly power permits.Christopher "Kit" Marlowe (1564-1593) English dramatist and poet
The Tragicall History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, Epilogue (1594; 1604 “A” text)More about this quote: wist.info/marlowe-christopher/…
#quote #quotes #quotation #qotd #christophermarlowe #kitmarlowe #faustus #doctorfaustus #blackmagic #curiosity #damnation #divinelaw #intellectual #magic #scholar #wisdom #forbidden
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“In 2025, book bans were not sparked by concerned parents, & they were not the result of local grassroots efforts,” Sarah Lamdan, exec dir of #ALA’s Office for #Intellectual #Freedom, said in a statement. “They were part of a well-funded, politically-driven campaign.”
Lamdan told AP that activists circulate lists of targeted #books nationwide.
#education #censorship #indoctrination #Whitewashing #racism #misogyny #heterosexism #law #fascism #CultureWars #FarRight #extremism #Republicans
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“In 2025, book bans were not sparked by concerned parents, & they were not the result of local grassroots efforts,” Sarah Lamdan, exec dir of #ALA’s Office for #Intellectual #Freedom, said in a statement. “They were part of a well-funded, politically-driven campaign.”
Lamdan told AP that activists circulate lists of targeted #books nationwide.
#education #censorship #indoctrination #Whitewashing #racism #misogyny #heterosexism #law #fascism #CultureWars #FarRight #extremism #Republicans
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“In 2025, book bans were not sparked by concerned parents, & they were not the result of local grassroots efforts,” Sarah Lamdan, exec dir of #ALA’s Office for #Intellectual #Freedom, said in a statement. “They were part of a well-funded, politically-driven campaign.”
Lamdan told AP that activists circulate lists of targeted #books nationwide.
#education #censorship #indoctrination #Whitewashing #racism #misogyny #heterosexism #law #fascism #CultureWars #FarRight #extremism #Republicans
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“In 2025, book bans were not sparked by concerned parents, & they were not the result of local grassroots efforts,” Sarah Lamdan, exec dir of #ALA’s Office for #Intellectual #Freedom, said in a statement. “They were part of a well-funded, politically-driven campaign.”
Lamdan told AP that activists circulate lists of targeted #books nationwide.
#education #censorship #indoctrination #Whitewashing #racism #misogyny #heterosexism #law #fascism #CultureWars #FarRight #extremism #Republicans
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“In 2025, book bans were not sparked by concerned parents, & they were not the result of local grassroots efforts,” Sarah Lamdan, exec dir of #ALA’s Office for #Intellectual #Freedom, said in a statement. “They were part of a well-funded, politically-driven campaign.”
Lamdan told AP that activists circulate lists of targeted #books nationwide.
#education #censorship #indoctrination #Whitewashing #racism #misogyny #heterosexism #law #fascism #CultureWars #FarRight #extremism #Republicans
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Objections include #LGBTQ+ themes (“Gender Queer,” “The Perks of Being a Wallflower”), #SexualViolence (“Sold” & “A Clockwork Orange”) & use of #alcohol & #cigarettes (“Looking for Alaska”). Overall, the #ALA’s Office for #Intellectual #Freedom recorded challenges to 4,235 different works, topped only by 4,240 in 2023 since they began keeping track >30 years ago.
#libraries #books #BookBans #access #education #censorship #racism #misogyny #heterosexism #law #fascism #FarRight #Republicans
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#IntenselyCurious 🧠 #ScienceArt 🔭 #HandLettering ✍️ #DarkAcademia 📖 #STEM 🧬 #Astronomy 🌌 #SpaceArt 🚀 #Curiosity 🔍 #LifelongLearner 🎓 #AnatomyArt 💀 #Neuroscience 🧠 #VintageAesthetic 🕯️ #NerdLife 🤓 #Illustration 🎨 #GraphicDesign ✒️ #InkDrawing 🖊️ #Explorer 🧭 #PhysicsArt ⚛️ #ArtForScientists 🧪 #Discovery 🗺️ #Stargazing ✨ #Intellectual 🧐 #TeacherGifts 🍎 #MakersMovement 🛠️ #CreativeSoul 🎨
#JoseloRochaArt
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Are you someone who is intensely curious about the universe? This design is for the lifelong learners, the science nerds, and the stargazers who find beauty in the details of a neuron, the vastness of a galaxy, and the precision of a telescope.Whether you are obsessed with astronomy, biology, or the deep mysteries of philosophy, this hand-lettered illustration captures that "need to know" energy. It’s perfect for STEM students, teachers, or anyone with a dark academia aesthetic who loves vintage scientific sketches and space exploration. From rocket ships to anatomical skulls, every icon represents a different path of intellectual discovery. Stay curious, stay bold, and keep exploring the unknown. 🚀✨
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https://joselorochaart.dashery.com/products/90642826-intensely-curious-t-shirt -
#IntenselyCurious 🧠 #ScienceArt 🔭 #HandLettering ✍️ #DarkAcademia 📖 #STEM 🧬 #Astronomy 🌌 #SpaceArt 🚀 #Curiosity 🔍 #LifelongLearner 🎓 #AnatomyArt 💀 #Neuroscience 🧠 #VintageAesthetic 🕯️ #NerdLife 🤓 #Illustration 🎨 #GraphicDesign ✒️ #InkDrawing 🖊️ #Explorer 🧭 #PhysicsArt ⚛️ #ArtForScientists 🧪 #Discovery 🗺️ #Stargazing ✨ #Intellectual 🧐 #TeacherGifts 🍎 #MakersMovement 🛠️ #CreativeSoul 🎨
#JoseloRochaArt
.
Are you someone who is intensely curious about the universe? This design is for the lifelong learners, the science nerds, and the stargazers who find beauty in the details of a neuron, the vastness of a galaxy, and the precision of a telescope.Whether you are obsessed with astronomy, biology, or the deep mysteries of philosophy, this hand-lettered illustration captures that "need to know" energy. It’s perfect for STEM students, teachers, or anyone with a dark academia aesthetic who loves vintage scientific sketches and space exploration. From rocket ships to anatomical skulls, every icon represents a different path of intellectual discovery. Stay curious, stay bold, and keep exploring the unknown. 🚀✨
.
https://joselorochaart.dashery.com/products/90642826-intensely-curious-t-shirt -
#IntenselyCurious 🧠 #ScienceArt 🔭 #HandLettering ✍️ #DarkAcademia 📖 #STEM 🧬 #Astronomy 🌌 #SpaceArt 🚀 #Curiosity 🔍 #LifelongLearner 🎓 #AnatomyArt 💀 #Neuroscience 🧠 #VintageAesthetic 🕯️ #NerdLife 🤓 #Illustration 🎨 #GraphicDesign ✒️ #InkDrawing 🖊️ #Explorer 🧭 #PhysicsArt ⚛️ #ArtForScientists 🧪 #Discovery 🗺️ #Stargazing ✨ #Intellectual 🧐 #TeacherGifts 🍎 #MakersMovement 🛠️ #CreativeSoul 🎨
#JoseloRochaArt
.
Are you someone who is intensely curious about the universe? This design is for the lifelong learners, the science nerds, and the stargazers who find beauty in the details of a neuron, the vastness of a galaxy, and the precision of a telescope.Whether you are obsessed with astronomy, biology, or the deep mysteries of philosophy, this hand-lettered illustration captures that "need to know" energy. It’s perfect for STEM students, teachers, or anyone with a dark academia aesthetic who loves vintage scientific sketches and space exploration. From rocket ships to anatomical skulls, every icon represents a different path of intellectual discovery. Stay curious, stay bold, and keep exploring the unknown. 🚀✨
.
https://joselorochaart.dashery.com/products/90642826-intensely-curious-t-shirt -
#IntenselyCurious 🧠 #ScienceArt 🔭 #HandLettering ✍️ #DarkAcademia 📖 #STEM 🧬 #Astronomy 🌌 #SpaceArt 🚀 #Curiosity 🔍 #LifelongLearner 🎓 #AnatomyArt 💀 #Neuroscience 🧠 #VintageAesthetic 🕯️ #NerdLife 🤓 #Illustration 🎨 #GraphicDesign ✒️ #InkDrawing 🖊️ #Explorer 🧭 #PhysicsArt ⚛️ #ArtForScientists 🧪 #Discovery 🗺️ #Stargazing ✨ #Intellectual 🧐 #TeacherGifts 🍎 #MakersMovement 🛠️ #CreativeSoul 🎨
#JoseloRochaArt
.
Are you someone who is intensely curious about the universe? This design is for the lifelong learners, the science nerds, and the stargazers who find beauty in the details of a neuron, the vastness of a galaxy, and the precision of a telescope.Whether you are obsessed with astronomy, biology, or the deep mysteries of philosophy, this hand-lettered illustration captures that "need to know" energy. It’s perfect for STEM students, teachers, or anyone with a dark academia aesthetic who loves vintage scientific sketches and space exploration. From rocket ships to anatomical skulls, every icon represents a different path of intellectual discovery. Stay curious, stay bold, and keep exploring the unknown. 🚀✨
.
https://joselorochaart.dashery.com/products/90642826-intensely-curious-t-shirt -
#IntenselyCurious 🧠 #ScienceArt 🔭 #HandLettering ✍️ #DarkAcademia 📖 #STEM 🧬 #Astronomy 🌌 #SpaceArt 🚀 #Curiosity 🔍 #LifelongLearner 🎓 #AnatomyArt 💀 #Neuroscience 🧠 #VintageAesthetic 🕯️ #NerdLife 🤓 #Illustration 🎨 #GraphicDesign ✒️ #InkDrawing 🖊️ #Explorer 🧭 #PhysicsArt ⚛️ #ArtForScientists 🧪 #Discovery 🗺️ #Stargazing ✨ #Intellectual 🧐 #TeacherGifts 🍎 #MakersMovement 🛠️ #CreativeSoul 🎨
#JoseloRochaArt
.
Are you someone who is intensely curious about the universe? This design is for the lifelong learners, the science nerds, and the stargazers who find beauty in the details of a neuron, the vastness of a galaxy, and the precision of a telescope.Whether you are obsessed with astronomy, biology, or the deep mysteries of philosophy, this hand-lettered illustration captures that "need to know" energy. It’s perfect for STEM students, teachers, or anyone with a dark academia aesthetic who loves vintage scientific sketches and space exploration. From rocket ships to anatomical skulls, every icon represents a different path of intellectual discovery. Stay curious, stay bold, and keep exploring the unknown. 🚀✨
.
https://joselorochaart.dashery.com/products/90642826-intensely-curious-t-shirt -
RE: https://mastodon.social/@kottke/116404369726769991
Fixed it: "For decades, Aadam Jacobs stole the copywritten performances of artists he supposedly loved. His illegal collection of over 10,000 intellectual property thefts since 1984 features popular artists who never granted him any such rights — and his atrocious crimes are now available on the Internet Archive for you to steal, too."
#artists #are #real #piracy #is #crime #tech #bros #suck #wind #InternetArchive #sued #intellectual #property #copyright #law #secret #recording #stealing -
The #Trump regime and his end of race degenerated #MAGAs are better opening their fetid mouth for not saying anything, than they are at #winning #intellectual #fight
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The #Trump regime and his end of race degenerated #MAGAs are better opening their fetid mouth for not saying anything, than they are at #winning #intellectual #fight
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The #Trump regime and his end of race degenerated #MAGAs are better opening their fetid mouth for not saying anything, than they are at #winning #intellectual #fight
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The #Trump regime and his end of race degenerated #MAGAs are better opening their fetid mouth for not saying anything, than they are at #winning #intellectual #fight
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I don’t know what to make of "biorhythm cycles", but lately every time I notice myself swept away by a surge of #creativity and #enthusiasm, I check this website and find that I am, indeed, on an upswing.
https://askthepolymath.com/biorhythm-calculator/
#biorhythms #pseudoscience? #science #emotional #physical #intellectual #domains of #life
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I don’t know what to make of "biorhythm cycles", but lately every time I notice myself swept away by a surge of #creativity and #enthusiasm, I check this website and find that I am, indeed, on an upswing.
https://askthepolymath.com/biorhythm-calculator/
#biorhythms #pseudoscience? #science #emotional #physical #intellectual #domains of #life
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I don’t know what to make of "biorhythm cycles", but lately every time I notice myself swept away by a surge of #creativity and #enthusiasm, I check this website and find that I am, indeed, on an upswing.
https://askthepolymath.com/biorhythm-calculator/
#biorhythms #pseudoscience? #science #emotional #physical #intellectual #domains of #life
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I don’t know what to make of "biorhythm cycles", but lately every time I notice myself swept away by a surge of #creativity and #enthusiasm, I check this website and find that I am, indeed, on an upswing.
https://askthepolymath.com/biorhythm-calculator/
#biorhythms #pseudoscience? #science #emotional #physical #intellectual #domains of #life
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I don’t know what to make of "biorhythm cycles", but lately every time I notice myself swept away by a surge of #creativity and #enthusiasm, I check this website and find that I am, indeed, on an upswing.
https://askthepolymath.com/biorhythm-calculator/
#biorhythms #pseudoscience? #science #emotional #physical #intellectual #domains of #life
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Edward Said's lecture anno 1993: "Gods That Always Fail":
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XtU0KnI-cx8
#colonialism #intellectual #research #politics #reflexivity #palestina
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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The 14th #China #International #Patent #Fair is scheduled to take place in #Dalian, located in Northeast China’s #Liaoning province, from October 13 to 15, 2025. This #event aims to establish itself as a #global, specialized, and #market-oriented #platform for #intellectual #property (#IP) and #business #innovation. For the first time, it will incorporate the former China (#Wuxi) International #Design #Expo, creating a combined #exhibition to broaden its scope and impact. https://cnbusinessforum.com/china-international-patent-fair-in-dalian-to-boost-ip-and-innovation-ties/
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CW: NSFW
“Explanation”
#bigboobs #bigbreasts #boobs #breasts #caption #chastity #cleavage #chastitycage #chastitydevice #chastitycaption #chastityslave #glasses #glassesgirl #bottomless #bottomlessnude #ginger #redhead #overthinking #intellectual #submissivewoman #submissivegirl #submissive #dickgirl #feminization #feminizationcaption #gendertransformation #genderchange #transgender #feminizationtransformation #pervert
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📣 New Podcast! "Public Lands Protected, Immigrant Rights Defended, and Homelessness Solutions in Denver" on @Spreaker #bans #book #colorado #community #conservation #enforcement #environmental #freedom #homelessness #immigration #indigenous #intellectual #lands #protection #public #reduction
Public Lands Protected, Immigr... -
I Wanted #Christianity to be True, but After An #Intellectual Look it’s Claims Failed Miserably
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaYguIW3Xb8
#exvangelical #atheist #deconversion #christian -
A few people here in #Mexico had thought #JordanPeterson was a sane #intellectual rallying against #PoliticalCorrectness. I hope they realize now he's a #fraud and a #bigot.
(He's moving to the #US from #Canada and starting to work for #antivaxxer RFK Jr. And it turns out he could also be a paid #Putin propagandist.)
Read more: https://archive.is/fJ87w#CurrentEvents #ExtremeRight #authoritarianism #TrumpRegime #bigotry #disinformation
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#TerribleTake, but I am starting to realize that curating a satisfying cultural and #intellectual life may be so absorbing that it is #disabling. So easy to distract yourself or use up your mental energy non-productively.
The perils of #LivingYourBestLife? Ugh?
I LOVE #mastodon, but it can sure fool you, like all #SocialMedia, into thinking you are doing something.
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#TerribleTake, but I am starting to realize that curating a satisfying cultural and #intellectual life may be so absorbing that it is #disabling. So easy to distract yourself or use up your mental energy non-productively.
The perils of #LivingYourBestLife? Ugh?
I LOVE #mastodon, but it can sure fool you, like all #SocialMedia, into thinking you are doing something.
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#TerribleTake, but I am starting to realize that curating a satisfying cultural and #intellectual life may be so absorbing that it is #disabling. So easy to distract yourself or use up your mental energy non-productively.
The perils of #LivingYourBestLife? Ugh?
I LOVE #mastodon, but it can sure fool you, like all #SocialMedia, into thinking you are doing something.
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#TerribleTake, but I am starting to realize that curating a satisfying cultural and #intellectual life may be so absorbing that it is #disabling. So easy to distract yourself or use up your mental energy non-productively.
The perils of #LivingYourBestLife? Ugh?
I LOVE #mastodon, but it can sure fool you, like all #SocialMedia, into thinking you are doing something.
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Have I been Trained?
https://haveibeentrained.com/
»Search for your work in popular AI training datasets«
#AI #Alert #Art #Artist #Artists #Artwork #Checker #Content #Copyright #Creative #Detection #Enforcement #Infringement #Intellectual #License #Misuse #Plagiarism #Portfolio #Prevention #Property #Protect #Protection #Rights #Safeguard #Shaarli💫 #Spawning #Unauthorized #Usage #Verification #Work #for #from 📱
https://ripf.de/m/b32k5d7 -
Have I been Trained?
https://haveibeentrained.com/
»Search for your work in popular AI training datasets«
#AI #Alert #Art #Artist #Artists #Artwork #Checker #Content #Copyright #Creative #Detection #Enforcement #Infringement #Intellectual #License #Misuse #Plagiarism #Portfolio #Prevention #Property #Protect #Protection #Rights #Safeguard #Shaarli💫 #Spawning #Unauthorized #Usage #Verification #Work #for #from 📱
https://ripf.de/m/b32k5d7 -
Have I been Trained?
https://haveibeentrained.com/
»Search for your work in popular AI training datasets«
#AI #Alert #Art #Artist #Artists #Artwork #Checker #Content #Copyright #Creative #Detection #Enforcement #Infringement #Intellectual #License #Misuse #Plagiarism #Portfolio #Prevention #Property #Protect #Protection #Rights #Safeguard #Shaarli💫 #Spawning #Unauthorized #Usage #Verification #Work #for #from 📱
https://ripf.de/m/b32k5d7 -
Have I been Trained?
https://haveibeentrained.com/
»Search for your work in popular AI training datasets«
#AI #Alert #Art #Artist #Artists #Artwork #Checker #Content #Copyright #Creative #Detection #Enforcement #Infringement #Intellectual #License #Misuse #Plagiarism #Portfolio #Prevention #Property #Protect #Protection #Rights #Safeguard #Shaarli💫 #Spawning #Unauthorized #Usage #Verification #Work #for #from 📱
https://ripf.de/m/b32k5d7 -
Have I been Trained?
https://haveibeentrained.com/
»Search for your work in popular AI training datasets«
#AI #Alert #Art #Artist #Artists #Artwork #Checker #Content #Copyright #Creative #Detection #Enforcement #Infringement #Intellectual #License #Misuse #Plagiarism #Portfolio #Prevention #Property #Protect #Protection #Rights #Safeguard #Shaarli💫 #Spawning #Unauthorized #Usage #Verification #Work #for #from 📱
https://ripf.de/m/b32k5d7 -
Excerpt from my #journal today... 👉🏼 Live the truth. The only way to truly comprehend the truth is to live it.
The only way to truly comprehend any truth is to live it. Even then, we're susceptible to blind spots.
Perhaps true comprehension is when we can view, understand, and process any #truth on all three levels.
Third-hand: reading, #intellectual understanding
Second-hand: observation, #empirical understanding
First-hand: living, #experiential understandingMost of us are content with intellectual, third-hand understanding. We go to school, we read books, we learn from teachers.
Scientists take it one step further. We conduct experiments and observe the results. Still, there's an objectivity there that stands in the way of the deepest understanding.
That's where travelers, #lovers, astronauts, #explorers, and #psychonauts come in. We strive to live our knowledge. We live to experience the insights we've gleaned from other means.
We want to #embody our truth.
🙏🏼 Thank you for sharing this moment with me! What do you think?
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"The true delight is in the finding out rather than in the knowing." — Isaac Asimov — — — #IsaacAsimov #quote #quotes #knowing #research #delight #intellectual #discovery #thrill
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One advantage Huawei had was the backing of its government.
US and European observers say China packs standards meetings with engineers who can be eyes and ears on the ground.
Rivals also complain that Chinese companies work together in lockstep; even ostensible competitors will set aside differences to support a compatriot business.
For a brief moment in the middle of 2016, it looked as if that national wall of support wouldn't hold.
In a preliminary round of the 5G New Radio standards process, the Chinese company #Lenovo expressed its preference for LDPC, because it was a more familiar technology.
That didn't last long.
Lenovo changed its opinion later that year.Lenovo's founder, Liu Chuanzhi, called Ren Zhengfei to make sure that no offense was taken by the original stance.
Liu and other executives even drafted an open letter that read like a forced confession.“We all agree that Chinese enterprises should be united and not be provoked by outsiders,” Liu and his colleagues wrote. “Stick to it … raise the banner of national industry, and finally defeat the international giants.”
Thus united behind polar codes, Chinese industry prepared to do battle at the final, critical stage
—the November 2016 engineering standards meetings held in Reno, Nevada.The venue was the Peppermill resort and casino. Engineers, hunkered in hotel conference rooms arguing about block codes and channel capacity, had little time to enjoy the craps tables or eucalyptus steam rooms.
Simultaneous meetings to determine a number of standards kept engineers hopping from one conference room to the next, says Michael Thelander, a consultant specializing in wireless telecommunications.
“But polar coding versus LDPC, that was the hot topic,” he says.
On the night of Friday, November 18, the conference room was packed, and the meeting, which began in the evening, turned into a standoff.
Each company presented its work, including its testing results.
“The battle was pretty well drawn, with most of the Western vendors lining up behind LDPC,” says Kevin Krewell, a principal analyst at Tirias Research, who follows 5G.
Some Western companies backed polar codes too, but, significantly, all the Chinese companies did.
“There was no obvious winner in the whole game, but it was very clear that Huawei was not going to back down,” says Thelander, who was on the scene as an observer.
Neither would the LDPC side. “So we can sit there and spend six months fighting over this thing and delay 5G, or we compromise.”
So they did.
The standards committee split the signal-processing standard into two parts.One technology could be used to send the #user #data.
The other would be applied to what was known as the #control #channel, which manages how that data moves.
The first function was assigned to LDPC, and the second to polar codes.
It was well into the wee hours when the agreement was finalized.
Huawei was ecstatic.
But it was not just Huawei's win; it was China's too.
Finally, a Chinese company was getting respect commensurate with its increasingly dominant power in the marketplace.“Huawei-backed polar code entering the 5G standard has a symbolic meaning,” one observer told a reporter at the time.
“This is the first time a Chinese company has entered a telecommunications framework agreement, winning the right to be heard.”
Qualcomm professes to be fine with the result.
“It was very important for Huawei to get something,” says its CEO, Steve Mollenkopf.“Huawei is actually quite good. They are a formidable company. And I think that's one thing that people need to acknowledge.”
#standard #Reed #Hundt #3GPP #5G #New #Radio #standards #Qualcomm #LDPC #Wen #Tong #5G #patents #Arıkan #polar #codes #Alexander #Vardy #Ido #Tal #Technion #Ren #Zhengfei #Huawei #Chinese #government #ZTE #stolen #intellectual #property #Cisco #Department #Justice #Nortel #downloading #documents
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Reaching consensus on the parts of a mobile platform is complicated. Decisions have to be made about dozens of specifications for transmission speeds, radio frequencies, security architecture, and the like.
To make that happen, engineers gather in a series of meetings every year to choose which new technologies will be deemed #standard in the next generation.
The stakes are high: The companies that provide the fundamental technology for 5G will be embedded in a global communications system for years to come.
So in the background are financial, nationalistic, and even geopolitical considerations.
“From the year 2001 to the present—three administrations—not enough attention has been paid to this,” says #Reed #Hundt, a former Federal Communications Commission chair during the Clinton administration.
Hundt is one of a number of current and former officials alarmed that the United States has no equivalent to Huawei
—that is, a major telecommunications company that both develops next-generation technology and builds it into equipment.“In Europe, they have an Ericsson.
In Japan, they have companies.And in China, they have not just Huawei but also ZTE.
But Huawei is the one that covers the whole range of products.”
All of this made Huawei's 5G standards bid an alarming prospect.
“Huawei's IP and standards are the wedge they intend to use to pry open the Western computing world,” Hundt says.
The body that develops 5G standards, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project ( #3GPP ), is an international umbrella organization of various telecommunications groups.
In 2016, it made a key decision on what was called #5G #New #Radio #standards
—the part that helped determine how data would be sent over 5G and how it would be checked for accuracy.After spending millions, undergoing years of testing, and filing for multiple patents, Huawei was not going to pull punches at the critical juncture. It needed the certification of an official standard to cement its claim.
The problem was that reasonable people argued that other techniques would work just as well as polar codes to achieve error correction in the new framework.
Some suggested that a revamp of the current 4G protocol, turbo codes, would be sufficient.
Others, notably San Diego-based #Qualcomm, which makes chipsets for mobile technology, liked a third option:
Robert Gallager's old #LDPC idea, the one that had nearly reached the Shannon limit and had inspired Arıkan on his own intellectual journey.Since the early 1960s, when Gallager proposed LDPC, technology had improved and the cost of commercial production was no longer prohibitive.
Qualcomm's R&D team developed it for 5G.
Though Erdal Arıkan did not know it at the time, his work would be squared off against that of his mentor in a competition that involved billions of dollars and an international clash of reputations.
#Wen #Tong #5G #patents #Arıkan #polar #codes #Alexander #Vardy #Ido #Tal #Technion #Ren #Zhengfei #Huawei #Chinese #government #ZTE #stolen #intellectual #property #Cisco #Department #Justice #Nortel #downloading #documents
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Today Huawei holds more than two-thirds of the polar code patent “families”
—10 times as many as its nearest competitor.The general feeling in the field, Vardy said, was that Huawei “invested a lot of research time and effort into developing this idea.”
It seemed “all the other companies were at least a few years behind.”
But all that work and all those patents would be wasted if the technology didn't fit into the 5G platform.
“It has to be adopted by everybody,” Tong says.
“You have to convince the entire industry that this is good for 5G.”
If polar codes were to be the symbol of Huawei's superiority, there was one more hurdle:
“I had the responsibility,” Wen Tong says, “to make it a standard.”#Wen #Tong #5G #patents #Arıkan #polar #codes #Alexander #Vardy #Ido #Tal #Technion #Ren #Zhengfei #Huawei #Chinese #government #ZTE #stolen #intellectual #property #Cisco #Department #Justice #Nortel #downloading #documents