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#BoilerManual #AirAndGasFlow #Section3 #Page36

The spray nozzles consist of an inlet pipe leading to a whirling chamber and orifice. The orifice discharges the spray. Steam passes the spray nozzle, picks up the spray, and flows through the liner which completes the evaporation and thoroughly mixes the steam prior to entering the secondary superheater. The connection of the inlet pipe to the steam line embodies a thermal sleeve which protects the steam lines from temperature differential between the spray water and the steam.

Spray water is supplied to the SH spray attemperators from feedwater entering the economizer. It is important that thte spray water be of the highest purity, since solids entrained in the spray water enter the steam, and if excessive may cause deposits on superheater tubes, piping or turbine blades. Care should be taken not to spray the steam so much as to bring the final steam temperature below the saturation point. If the temperature falls below saturation, water droplets form, which can erode tubes and headers or damage the turbine.

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Alt = labeled Fig. 31 Spray attemporator. Image is a diagram of an attemperator sliced lengthwise, with its parts pointed out.Spray water inlet is atop a cylinder laid horizontally connected to a steam line. The cylinder part has an internal liner and the Spray water inlet has an internal tube that enters the center of the cylinder with a sprayer head a the end, and the spray direction is indicated by an arrow that runs the same direction as the arrow marked Steam flow.

#BoilerManual #AirAndGasFlow #Section3 #Page36

The spray nozzles consist of an inlet pipe leading to a whirling chamber and orifice. The orifice discharges the spray. Steam passes the spray nozzle, picks up the spray, and flows through the liner which completes the evaporation and thoroughly mixes the steam prior to entering the secondary superheater. The connection of the inlet pipe to the steam line embodies a thermal sleeve which protects the steam lines from temperature differential between the spray water and the steam.

Spray water is supplied to the SH spray attemperators from feedwater entering the economizer. It is important that thte spray water be of the highest purity, since solids entrained in the spray water enter the steam, and if excessive may cause deposits on superheater tubes, piping or turbine blades. Care should be taken not to spray the steam so much as to bring the final steam temperature below the saturation point. If the temperature falls below saturation, water droplets form, which can erode tubes and headers or damage the turbine.

------------------------------------------------- 36 ------------------------------------------------------
Alt = labeled Fig. 31 Spray attemporator. Image is a diagram of an attemperator sliced lengthwise, with its parts pointed out.Spray water inlet is atop a cylinder laid horizontally connected to a steam line. The cylinder part has an internal liner and the Spray water inlet has an internal tube that enters the center of the cylinder with a sprayer head a the end, and the spray direction is indicated by an arrow that runs the same direction as the arrow marked Steam flow.

#BoilerManual #FluidCirculation #Section2 #Page36

Fluid Cycle at Full Load

Full load flow and pressure are maintained by feed pumps at approximately 4.2 mlb/hr and 3000 psi respectively. Referring to Figure 27, feedwater enters the economizer at about 481 F, at this point it is saturated water.

Water passes through the economizer as temperature and heat energy increase. Entering the cyclones at about 580 F, additional temperature and heat energy are absorbed by the fluid as it passes through the cyclone circuits. Entering the furnace floor and wall tubes at about 640 F, the saturated water will continue to rise in temperature as more heat is absorbed in the high heat input areas of the furnace. At a point approximately half the way up the furnace first passes, the fluid temperature will level off to approximately 690 F, which is saturation temperature or boiling point at a pressure of about 3000 psi. The additional heat being absorbed through the remainder of the furnace passes is utilized in the conversion of saturated water (0% quality) and is

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Alt = The image of a graph has no label but it's identical to Figure 26 except the straight line is at the 3000 psi level and the parts of the boiler show slightly altered coverage of the curve sections. The Reheat curve is shorter.

#BoilerManual #FluidCirculation #Section2 #Page36

Fluid Cycle at Full Load

Full load flow and pressure are maintained by feed pumps at approximately 4.2 mlb/hr and 3000 psi respectively. Referring to Figure 27, feedwater enters the economizer at about 481 F, at this point it is saturated water.

Water passes through the economizer as temperature and heat energy increase. Entering the cyclones at about 580 F, additional temperature and heat energy are absorbed by the fluid as it passes through the cyclone circuits. Entering the furnace floor and wall tubes at about 640 F, the saturated water will continue to rise in temperature as more heat is absorbed in the high heat input areas of the furnace. At a point approximately half the way up the furnace first passes, the fluid temperature will level off to approximately 690 F, which is saturation temperature or boiling point at a pressure of about 3000 psi. The additional heat being absorbed through the remainder of the furnace passes is utilized in the conversion of saturated water (0% quality) and is

------------------------------------------------- 36 ------------------------------------------------------
Alt = The image of a graph has no label but it's identical to Figure 26 except the straight line is at the 3000 psi level and the parts of the boiler show slightly altered coverage of the curve sections. The Reheat curve is shorter.