#grb221009a — Public Fediverse posts
Live and recent posts from across the Fediverse tagged #grb221009a, aggregated by home.social.
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#astronomy #GammaRayBurst #supernova #GRB221009A
An article published in the journal "Nature Astronomy" reports a study on the gamma-ray burst cataloged as GRB221009A, the brightest ever detected, which confirms that it was caused by the collapse of a massive star, which subsequently exploded in a supernova.
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JWST detection of a supernova associated with #GRB221009A without an r-process signature: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02237-4 -> Brightest gamma-ray burst of all time came from the collapse of a massive star: https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2024/04/brightest-gamma-ray-burst-of-all-time-came-from-the-collapse-of-a-massive-star/ - James Webb Space Telescope observations show no sign of heavy elements.
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Most Powerful Explosion Humanity Has Ever Seen Revealed a New Enigma - YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHSoIDmolBE#Astronomy #Cosmology #BOAT #BrightestOfAllTime #GRB221009A #GammaRayBurst
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Gammastrahlenausbruch veränderte die Erdatmosphäre. Explosion in zwei Milliarden Lichtjahren Entfernung hatte Folgen für die Ionosphäre. #GRB #Ionosphäre #Gammastrahlenausbruch #Astronomie #Atmosphaere #GRB221009A
https://www.scinexx.de/news/kosmos/gammastrahlenausbruch-veraenderte-die-erdatmosphaere/ -
A tera-electronvolt afterglow from a narrow jet in an extremely bright #GammaRayBurst #GRB221009A: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.06372 -> A telescope happened to be pointing at the brightest #supernova yet observed: https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/06/a-telescope-happened-to-be-pointing-at-the-brightest-supernova-yet-observed/
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More detail on Brightest of All Time – #gammarays
Beams from brightest #gammaray burst ever seen were pointed directly at #Earth
Boffins puzzle over #GRB221009A's shape unlike any other #astronomical electromagnetic jets, it is a strange structure #astronomers have never seen before. "It is 70x brighter than any other gamma-ray burst discovered in over 50yr of observation." Part of reason why e explosion is so bright is because beams were directly pointed at Earth
https://www.theregister.com/2023/06/12/gamma-ray-burst/ #space -
A structured jet explains the extreme #GRB221009A: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adi1405 -> New study describes unique jet structure of brightest gamma-ray burst ever: https://mediarelations.gwu.edu/new-study-describes-unique-jet-structure-brightest-gamma-ray-burst-ever
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Interestingly, the ESA Gaia space observatory, located at the L2 Lagrange point similar to JWST, detected the GRB 221009A burst.
Gaia does not have a particle detector, but it routinely counts tracks created by charged particles on one its detectors, so that they can be excluded from the astrometric data.
On Oct 9, 2022, the unusual signal, shown in the graph below was measured, which was puzzling until news of the GRB came out!
https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/iow_20221109
#GRB #GRB221009A #Gaia
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Where is Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 221009A located in the night sky, as seen from Earth?
It is in the direction of the constellation Sagitta, close to the plane of the Milky Way (see skymap below).
Of course, it lies outside the Milky Way galaxy, 2.4 billion light-years away, while the Milky Way is only ~87,400 light years across.
Also, see graphic in previous post.
Skymap source: https://stellarium-web.org/
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy
8/n -
This insightful graphic shows the locations of the dust layers for the 5 smallest X-ray rings (inset, circled) from GRB 221009A. The thick line shows the direction to the GRB, and dark patches within it represent the dust layers that reflected the X-rays to create the ring image. The smallest ring corresponds to the most distant dust, located about 61,000 ly away and 4,600 ly above the galaxy's midplane.
Credit: NASA GSFC
Source: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy
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Interestingly, GRB 221009A was first detected by the Voyager 1 spacecraft, now more than 23 billion km from Earth, about 19 hours before it was detected by more than a dozen satellites around earth built for astrophysics, planetary science, and solar observations.
Of course, data from Voyager 1 arrived after earth-based satellites sounded the alarm. Also, Voyager 1 is not along the line of sight to the GRB.
https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/apjl-230323-172_Focus-on-the-Ultra-luminous-GRB-221009A
https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/status/
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy #Voyager
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Comparison of gamma rays with other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
The wavelength of gamma rays is smaller than 0.00001 µm. Visible light wavelength is around 0.5 µm.
Gamma ray freq is > 30 exahertz, i.e., > 30,000,000,000 GHz.
From GRB 221009A, a large number of very high energy photons extending up to 18 TeV (2.8E-6 J) were detected, which corresponds to a freq. of 4.3E27 Hz.
Source: https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/spectrum_chart.html
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/acac2f
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy #Science
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GRB 221009A was 70 times brighter than any GRB yet seen! See chart below for comparison with previous record holders.
The burst was so bright that it saturated/blinded most gamma-ray instruments in space. Scientists were able to reconstruct the brightest portions of the graph based on data from multiple telescopes.
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-missions-study-what-may-be-a-1-in-10000-year-gamma-ray-burst
#GRB #GRB221009A #Astronomy
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GRB 221009A came from the constellation of Sagitta and occurred an estimated 1.9 billion years ago, at a distance of 2.4 billion light-years away from Earth (yes, space has expanded since then).
The image below taken by Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 reveals the infrared afterglow (circled) of the BOAT GRB and its host galaxy, seen nearly edge-on as a sliver of light extending to the burst's upper right.
https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317
#GRB221009A #GRB #science #Astronomy
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RT @ESAGaia:
The famous bright gamma-ray burst, #GRB221009A, was further investigated and illuminated 20 dust clouds, as described in the thread below👇🏽 Even Gaia could not ignore this burst and measured the particle flux at the focal plane. More details:
https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/iow_20221109
Thread:
https://twitter.com/esascience/status/1640779316316217361?t=3rk7okPeLTO0AVUg_d5d4Q&s=19 -
In the early-morning hours of 14 October 2022, astronomers using the Gemini South telescope in Chile operated by NSF’s NOIRLab observed the unprecedented aftermath of one of the most powerful explosions ever recorded, Gamma-Ray Burst #GRB221009A.
This record-shattering event, which was first detected on 9 October 2022 by orbiting X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes, occurred 2.4 billion light-years from Earth and was likely triggered by a supernova explosion giving birth to a black hole.
A titanic cosmic explosion triggered a burst of activity from astronomers around the world as they raced to study the aftermath from what is one of the nearest and possibly the most-energetic gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever observed.
Just-released observations by two independent teams using the Gemini South telescope in Chile — one of the twin telescopes of the International Gemini Observatory operated by NSF’s NOIRLab, in partnership with Canada, Chile, Brazil, Argentina and Korea — targeted the bright, glowing remains of the explosion, which likely heralded a supernova giving birth to a black hole.
The GRB, identified as GRB 221009A, occurred approximately 2.4 billion light-years away in the direction of the constellation Sagitta. It was first detected the morning of 9 October by X-ray and gamma-ray space telescopes, including NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and the Wind spacecraft.
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The most powerful space explosion ever seen keeps baffling astronomers
- Leah Crane
A #gamma #ray #burst observed in 2022 was brighter than any explosion ever spotted before, and follow-up observations are threatening to break our understanding of how these blasts work
The most powerful explosion ever seen may break our understanding of how these cosmic cataclysms, called long gamma ray bursts (#GRBs), work.
The burst was spotted in October 2022, and it is proving difficult to explain despite continued observations and analyses by researchers around the world.
When the burst, called #GRB221009A, was spotted, astronomers dubbed it “the #BOAT” – the brightest of all time.
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How the ESA X-ray satellite XMM-Newton saw the famous #dust-scattering rings of #GRB221009A, from https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2023/03/XMM-Newton_captured_dust_rings_from_gamma-ray_burst_221009A - there is now an ApJL Focus Issue on this Ultra-luminous #GammaRayBurst with many OA papers at https://iopscience.iop.org/collections/apjl-230323-172_Focus-on-the-Ultra-luminous-GRB-221009A many of which were discussed at the press conference https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-fonxRLNyA and are summarized in the press releases https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Brightest_gamma-ray_burst_illuminates_our_galaxy_as_never_before and https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-missions-study-what-may-be-a-1-in-10000-year-gamma-ray-burst and https://www.seti.org/press-release/capturing-unseen-seti-institute-and-oxford-university-astronomers-discover-early-radio-emission with many visuals in https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14317
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Cosmic Explosion That Blinded Our Satellites and Affected the Atmosphere - YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZtHLmkGy6w"we will talk about updates about the biggest explosion by astronomers - the GRB from 2022"
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GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of #GRB221009A - the Standard-Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyper-Luminous Gamma-Ray Burst: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.06225?fbclid=IwAR2jjtRf6X-PHKIOdWWqh1qGN2jA91ZZhgWl62XNA6PpKlB9HoCx7j0jDRo (with the GRANDMA Collaboration including observations from more than 30 professional and amateur telescopes).
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Dust-scattering rings of #GRB221009A as seen by the Neil Gehrels #Swift satellite: can we count them all? https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02383 ("We find a total of 15 dust concentrations (with hints of even more) that span about 25 kpc in depth and could be responsible for the highly structured X-ray angular profiles. By comparing the relative scattered fluxes of the five most prominent rings we show that the layer with the largest amount of dust is located at about 1.1 kpc away from us").
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quote :
天文學家最終發現 #GRB221009A 的來源距離地球約 24 億光年，目前至少有 50 台望遠鏡正在觀察事件的所有波長，很可能是由一顆質量高達太陽 30 倍的大質量恆星坍縮引起https://technews.tw/2022/10/20/grb-221009a-gamma-ray-black-hole/
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#GRB221009A, the most powerful gamma-ray burst ever detected to date, was recorded just three days ago.
It most likely originated in a galaxy 2.4 billion light-years away, therefore, even if it got to our planet only now, the supernova that originated it most likely already turned into a black hole when multicellular life wasn't even a thing on Earth.
At the same time of the burst, #NASA confirmed a disturbance in the ionosphere on the band between 19.6 and 63.9 kHz reported by 8 radio stations around the world.
Let that sink in from a moment. A supernova that exploded in a distant galaxy in a time when jellyfishes weren't around yet, was so powerful that its echo created ripples in our radio communications today.
Now imagine what could have happened to planets that were much closer to the explosion.
These are the kind of things that really help me put everything in perspective.
