#gland — Public Fediverse posts

#Avian and #Human #Influenza A Virus #Receptors in #Bovine #Mammary #Gland, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/30/9/24-0696_article

An outbreak of influenza A (#H5N1) virus was detected in dairy cows in the #USA. We detected influenza A virus #sialic acid -α2,3/α2,6-galactose host receptors in bovine mammary glands by lectin histochemistry. Our results provide a rationale for the high levels of H5N1 virus in #milk from infected cows.

Fucosylated and non-fucosylated alpha2,3 #sialosides were detected on the #bovine #mammary #gland tissues, BioRxIV: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.07.29.605565v1

Receptors for high pathogenicity avian #influenza viruses (#HPAIVs) in mammary glands of dairy #cattle were detected using various recombinant #hemagglutinins (rHAs). Results demonstrated presence of fucosylated and non-fucosylated alpha2,3 sialosides, which were typically targeted by the HA of clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIVs.

#Sialic #Acid #Receptor Specificity in #Mammary #Gland of Dairy #Cattle Infected with Highly Pathogenic Avian #Influenza A(#H5N1) Virus, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/30/7/24-0689_article

Mammary gland tissues co-stained with sialic acids and influenza A virus #nucleoprotein showed predominant co-localization with the virus and SA α2,3-gal. HPAI H5N1 exhibited epitheliotropism within the mammary gland, and we observed rare immunolabeling within macrophages.

The #avian and #human #influenza A virus #receptors #sialic acid (SA)-α2,3 and SA-α2,6 are widely expressed in the #bovine #mammary #gland, BioRxIV, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.03.592326v1?rss=1

IAVs isolated from chickens generally bind more tightly to SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,4 (chicken receptor), whereas IAVs isolated from duck to SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,3 (duck receptor). We found all receptors were expressed, to a different degree, in the mammary gland, respiratory tract, and cerebrum of beef and/or dairy cattle.