#archaeologylandscapevisualization — Public Fediverse posts
Live and recent posts from across the Fediverse tagged #archaeologylandscapevisualization, aggregated by home.social.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 31
By the time of Spanish colonial arrival in #NewMexico (1590 CE) the #RioChama was mostly abandoned. The inhabitants of the large Classic period villages had moved on to other parts of the Pueblo world, in particular the Rio Grande valley and nearby areas such as the Galisteo Basin. They left behind a well-preserved landscape of villages, shrines, and fields.
Pictured are the Classic sites of Sapawe and Ponsipa'akeri.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 31
By the time of Spanish colonial arrival in #NewMexico (1590 CE) the #RioChama was mostly abandoned. The inhabitants of the large Classic period villages had moved on to other parts of the Pueblo world, in particular the Rio Grande valley and nearby areas such as the Galisteo Basin. They left behind a well-preserved landscape of villages, shrines, and fields.
Pictured are the Classic sites of Sapawe and Ponsipa'akeri.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 30
The large Classic villages of the #RioChama were part of a larger phenomenon throughout the Pueblo world. Archaeologists refer to this period as Pueblo IV, and it was in this interval from about 1300 CE through the arrival of the Spaniards that the Pueblo societies we know today took shape in terms of settlement, religion, social structure, etc.
Pictured are the Classic sites of Tsama'ouinge and Te'ewi'ouinge.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 30
The large Classic villages of the #RioChama were part of a larger phenomenon throughout the Pueblo world. Archaeologists refer to this period as Pueblo IV, and it was in this interval from about 1300 CE through the arrival of the Spaniards that the Pueblo societies we know today took shape in terms of settlement, religion, social structure, etc.
Pictured are the Classic sites of Tsama'ouinge and Te'ewi'ouinge.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 29
The #RioChama is a major tributary of the Rio Grande in Northern #NewMexico. Beginning around 1350 CE (the Classic Period) it experienced major population growth and saw the growth of large nucleated villages of 1000+ rooms. Much of this growth was from immigration. These villages were ancestral to the modern Tewa peoples.
The village of Poshu'ouinge is pictured.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poshuouinge
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 29
The #RioChama is a major tributary of the Rio Grande in Northern #NewMexico. Beginning around 1350 CE (the Classic Period) it experienced major population growth and saw the growth of large nucleated villages of 1000+ rooms. Much of this growth was from immigration. These villages were ancestral to the modern Tewa peoples.
The village of Poshu'ouinge is pictured.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poshuouinge
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 28
Camp Ojo Caliente #NewMexico was established as an outpost of Fort Craig in 1859, and was quickly abandoned in 1861 at the beginning of the Civil War. It was reoccupied from 1879-1882 during the later Apache Wars. The first shots of Victorio's War were fired near here when a band of Apaches attacked the garrison and made off with their horses.
In the image, the camp is on the right and an older Pueblo is on the left.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 28
Camp Ojo Caliente #NewMexico was established as an outpost of Fort Craig in 1859, and was quickly abandoned in 1861 at the beginning of the Civil War. It was reoccupied from 1879-1882 during the later Apache Wars. The first shots of Victorio's War were fired near here when a band of Apaches attacked the garrison and made off with their horses.
In the image, the camp is on the right and an older Pueblo is on the left.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 27
Fort Craig #NewMexico was built in 1853 and by 1861 had become the largest fort in the Southwest, with a garrison of over 2,000. In 1862 the Confederate Army of New Mexico elected to bypass the fort on its march north to Santa Fe. Between 1863 and 1865 Fort Craig was the US Army headquarters for its prosecution of the Apache Wars. It was abandoned in 1885.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Craig
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 27
Fort Craig #NewMexico was built in 1853 and by 1861 had become the largest fort in the Southwest, with a garrison of over 2,000. In 1862 the Confederate Army of New Mexico elected to bypass the fort on its march north to Santa Fe. Between 1863 and 1865 Fort Craig was the US Army headquarters for its prosecution of the Apache Wars. It was abandoned in 1885.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Craig
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 26
Fort Cummings #NewMexico was established at Cooke's Pass to protect the Butterfield Overland stage route and the southern road to California. Between 1848 and 1861 the pass was dangerous for travelers, who were often ambushed and killed by the Apache. The Fort was built in 1863 near a stage stop. It was abandoned in 1873, but was sporadically used again from 1880-1886 during later conflicts with the Apache.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 26
Fort Cummings #NewMexico was established at Cooke's Pass to protect the Butterfield Overland stage route and the southern road to California. Between 1848 and 1861 the pass was dangerous for travelers, who were often ambushed and killed by the Apache. The Fort was built in 1863 near a stage stop. It was abandoned in 1873, but was sporadically used again from 1880-1886 during later conflicts with the Apache.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 25
Fort Union, #NewMexico was built in 1851 to protect the Santa Fe Trail. The original fort (on the left in the image) was meant to provide protection from Indian raids and was built at the base of a bluff. When the Civil War broke out, it became obvious that this position was vulnerable to artillery, and the Fort was reconstructed on the open plains (right) and the star fort was constructed. It was abandoned in 1891.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 25
Fort Union, #NewMexico was built in 1851 to protect the Santa Fe Trail. The original fort (on the left in the image) was meant to provide protection from Indian raids and was built at the base of a bluff. When the Civil War broke out, it became obvious that this position was vulnerable to artillery, and the Fort was reconstructed on the open plains (right) and the star fort was constructed. It was abandoned in 1891.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 24
Horse Camp Mill Pueblo, a large nucleated village in west-central #NewMexico. Like the nearby Techado Spring Pueblo featured yesterday, it was destroyed by violence in the early 14th century. The site seems to have been an important node in a regional road network, and was next to the Acoma Salt Trail.
https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/pdf/arch-sw-v22-no1.pdf, pgs 10-11.
@PattMeeples I'll just keep tagging you on these Cibola sites.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 24
Horse Camp Mill Pueblo, a large nucleated village in west-central #NewMexico. Like the nearby Techado Spring Pueblo featured yesterday, it was destroyed by violence in the early 14th century. The site seems to have been an important node in a regional road network, and was next to the Acoma Salt Trail.
https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/pdf/arch-sw-v22-no1.pdf, pgs 10-11.
@PattMeeples I'll just keep tagging you on these Cibola sites.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 23
This is Techado Spring Pueblo, a large nucleated village in west-central #NewMexico that was the site of a massacre probably in the early 14th century. Much of the pueblo is burned, and researchers found unburied human skeletal remains and evidence of violent trauma. It is possible that this reflects conflict with migrants fleeing drought further north around this time.
@PattMeeples would know more about this site.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 23
This is Techado Spring Pueblo, a large nucleated village in west-central #NewMexico that was the site of a massacre probably in the early 14th century. Much of the pueblo is burned, and researchers found unburied human skeletal remains and evidence of violent trauma. It is possible that this reflects conflict with migrants fleeing drought further north around this time.
@PattMeeples would know more about this site.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 22
This is Pueblo Blanco (aka Tabirá, aka LA 51), a large late prehistoric, early colonial period village in central #NewMexico. Note the shallow pits surrounding the village, similar to what we saw yesterday at the nearby Pueblo Colorado. Probably adobe borrow pits.
Tabirá was a Piro-speaking town, was the site of a Spanish mission, and was finally abandoned in the 1670s due to raiding by mobile Plains groups.
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#archaeology #landscapes from #lidar 22
This is Pueblo Blanco (aka Tabirá, aka LA 51), a large late prehistoric, early colonial period village in central #NewMexico. Note the shallow pits surrounding the village, similar to what we saw yesterday at the nearby Pueblo Colorado. Probably adobe borrow pits.
Tabirá was a Piro-speaking town, was the site of a Spanish mission, and was finally abandoned in the 1670s due to raiding by mobile Plains groups.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar 21 - my 18th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Here's a final example of a belt road-like feature from the very late prehistoric pueblo site of Pueblo Colorado (LA 476) in central #NewMexico. Aside from the belt road feature, there is a clear road running to the northeast. Also visible are numerous shallow pits surrounding the adobe architectural core. I interpret these as borrow pits for adobe production.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar 21 - my 18th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Here's a final example of a belt road-like feature from the very late prehistoric pueblo site of Pueblo Colorado (LA 476) in central #NewMexico. Aside from the belt road feature, there is a clear road running to the northeast. Also visible are numerous shallow pits surrounding the adobe architectural core. I interpret these as borrow pits for adobe production.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar 20 - my 17th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Most known examples of belt roads in the American southwest are from the northern San Juan and seem to be associated with chacoan period sites. As noted, race tracks in other areas are linear. There are very few examples from elsewhere. Here are two from the later (post-1300 CE) sites of Tovakwa and Totaskwina in the #Jemez mountains of central #NewMexico.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar 19 - my 16th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Apart from the belt roads (race courses?) I've shown so far from #Colorado and #NewMexico, there are many in SE #Utah as well. Here is a selection.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar 18 - my 15th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This belt road is near the major site of Morris-41 in the La Plata valley of #NewMexico.
To me the most interesting explanation for these features is that they could represent ceremonial racetracks. Foot races were and are a part of the ritual calendar throughout the Pueblo world. Mostly, these are conducted on linear racetracks or informal courses. (see comments).
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 17th in a series, and my 14th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This belt road, like most of these features, is in SW #Colorado.
So if these features are not "roads," what are they? There seems to be a consensus that they serve some kind of "ritual" or "ceremonial" purpose. This purpose probably involved movement or travel of some kind - perhaps processions. The Nazca lines might be a decent example.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 17th in a series, and my 14th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This belt road, like most of these features, is in SW #Colorado.
So if these features are not "roads," what are they? There seems to be a consensus that they serve some kind of "ritual" or "ceremonial" purpose. This purpose probably involved movement or travel of some kind - perhaps processions. The Nazca lines might be a decent example.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 16th in a series, and my 13th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Like the last one, this belt road is on #UteMountainUte tribal lands in #Colorado. This one is a little unusual because while it is located in the center of a large cluster of smaller sites, there is no single large site directly associated with the feature itself.
Second observation: these are probably not "roads" in any utilitarian sense.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 16th in a series, and my 13th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Like the last one, this belt road is on #UteMountainUte tribal lands in #Colorado. This one is a little unusual because while it is located in the center of a large cluster of smaller sites, there is no single large site directly associated with the feature itself.
Second observation: these are probably not "roads" in any utilitarian sense.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 15th in a series, and my 12th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This belt road is on #UteMountainUte tribal lands and as as far as I know has never been documented.
We're approaching the end of this series, so perhaps now it is time to ask the question - what are these things? The first observation we can make is that they are not pan-Chacoan. No belt roads have been found on sites in #ChacoCanyon itself.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 15th in a series, and my 12th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This belt road is on #UteMountainUte tribal lands and as as far as I know has never been documented.
We're approaching the end of this series on, so perhaps now it is time to ask the question - what are these things? The first observation we can make is that they are not pan-Chacoan. No belt roads have been found on sites in #ChacoCanyon itself
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 14th in a series, and my 11th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This belt road is also on #MesaVerde in #Colorado but not on the National Park. It is on #UteMountainUte tribal lands. Note the road leading to the southeast from the architectural block at the center of the loop. The loop is mostly in pinyon/juniper woodland and is not visible at all in aerial imagery.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 13th in a series, and my 10th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This is a belt road in the Badger House community on Wetherill Mesa in #MesaVerde #NationalPark in #Colorado. This one is rather faint but also quite large at 550x700 meters.
https://archive.org/details/badgerhousecommu00haye/page/2/mode/2up
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 12th in a series, and my 9th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Another site in SW #Colorado. This one is near Cottonwood Canyon on private land. The belt road has been highly disturbed by recent agriculture, and the site appears to be badly looted, likely with a backhoe.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 11th in a series, and my 8th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Another site in SW #Colorado. Almost the last one. This one is just north of Cross Canyon on private land. The belt road has been highly disturbed by recent agriculture, but is still mostly visible.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 10th in a series, and my 7th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
Like the previous site, this is located near Woods Canyon in SW #Colorado. I haven't visited this site either. It's a little smaller than the previous one and the belt road is a little more faint. This one hasn't been disturbed by recent agriculture.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 9th in a series, and my 6th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This is a large site in the Great Sage Plain of SW #Colorado, overlooking Woods Canyon. I actually don't know its the name; I've never been there. As at Lowry Ruin, the main architectural block is at the North end of the belt road. In this case the road has been affected by modern agriculture, but is still visible in the local relief visualization.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 8th in a series, and my 5th post on #ChacoanBeltRoads.
This is the site of Morris 39 in the La Plata valley of NW #NewMexico. The site is poorly known and heavily impacted by a residential development. The belt road is clear, however, though it has been partially destroyed. In this case, it is somewhat to the North of the main ruins and the largest roomblocks.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 7th in a series, and my fourth post on #ChacoanBeltRoads. This is the Holmes Group in the La Plata valley of northwestern #NewMexico. This is the clearest and most perfectly round belt road I've seen. That's probably why this is the first #chacoan site at which a belt road was documented (see link below).
https://www.archaeologicalconservancy.org/help-save-chaco-outlier-meet-holmes-group-site/
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - 7th in a series, and my fourth post on #ChacoanBeltRoads. This is the Holmes Group in the La Plata valley of northwestern #NewMexico. This is the clearest and most perfectly round belt road I've seen. That's probably why this is the first #chacoan site at which a belt road was documented (see link below).
https://www.archaeologicalconservancy.org/help-save-chaco-outlier-meet-holmes-group-site/
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - sixth in a series, and my third post on #ChacoanBeltRoads. This is the Far View group in #MesaVerde #NationalPark in #Colorado. It has a clear belt road as well as a linear road leading south to the Spruce Tree House ruin, of which the very northern portion is visible here.
https://www.nps.gov/meve/learn/historyculture/mt_far_view_sites.htm
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - fifth in a series, and my second post on #ChacoanBeltRoads. This is Lowry Pueblo, a #NationalHistoricLandmark in SW #Colorado. In this case most of the community roomblocks are located at the northern edge of the loop.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - fourth in a series. With this, I am starting a sequence focusing on
#ChacoanBeltRoads in the #FourCorners region. They show up really well in this dataset.This is the Goodman Point Community in SW #Colorado, dating to ca. AD 1000-1250. Numerous room blocks are evident as is a great kiva site. There are fragments of two belt-loop roads visible, maybe from different time periods.
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#archaeology #landscape #visualization from #lidar - third in a series. This is Yellowjacket Pueblo, 5MT5, a large village in southwestern #Colorado dating to about AD 1050-1300.
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This is is the second in what will be a regular series on #archaeology #landscape #visualization derived from 3DEP #lidar. This one is for @chaco_arch. This is the major Chacoan site of Aztec Ruin in northwest #NewMexico. The main structure is clearly evident, but you can also make out road alignments on the mesa to the northwest as well as additional architectural blocks.