#aea — Public Fediverse posts
Live and recent posts from across the Fediverse tagged #aea, aggregated by home.social.
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DATE: July 17, 2026 at 06:00PM
SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
-------------------------------------------------TITLE: How different types of exercise impact mood and brain chemistry
URL: https://www.psypost.org/how-different-types-of-exercise-impact-mood-and-brain-chemistry/
Aerobic routines and mind-body practices like yoga both relieve anxiety and lift momentary moods, but getting the heart pumping is necessary to trigger the release of certain biological molecules. These results, published in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology, show that while diverse workout routines offer psychological benefits, the underlying internal processes vary by activity.
Physical activity sets off a cascade of physiological responses throughout the human body. Among these reactions is the release of exerkines, which are signaling molecules secreted into the bloodstream by tissues during exertion. Researchers study these molecules to understand exactly how working out improves mental health and cognitive function.
Two major categories of exerkines are endocannabinoids and a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor, often abbreviated as BDNF. Endocannabinoids, primarily molecules known as AEA and 2-AG, bind to the same nervous system receptors as the active compounds in cannabis. These naturally produced chemicals help regulate pain, mood, and stress responses.
The BDNF protein supports the survival of existing neurons and encourages the growth of new connections in the brain. Mental health professionals frequently seek to harness these biological mechanisms to assist with treatments. Therapists use interventions like exposure therapy to help patients overcome severe anxiety, a process that requires the brain to form new, safe memories. Scientists are investigating whether a quick bout of exercise immediately after a therapy session can flood the brain with exerkines and cement those memories.
These internal chemicals are often credited for the euphoric feeling commonly known as a runner’s high. In people with psychiatric conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder, the baseline levels of these molecules are frequently altered. These individuals also tend to show smaller biological responses to behavioral interventions, suggesting that altered chemical signaling plays a role in psychological distress. Restoring this balance through movement offers a promising pathway for psychiatric care.
Past research has established that sweating through a moderate aerobic workout can reliably elevate levels of circulating exerkines. Less is known about whether alternative, lower-impact activities provide similar physiological boosts. Some clinical populations face physical or motivational barriers that prevent them from engaging in traditional cardiovascular workouts. This makes accessible options like yoga highly appealing for psychiatric treatment plans.
A team of investigators sought to address this gap by directly comparing the psychological and biological impacts of specific exercise modalities. John Leri, a researcher at the Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, led the project alongside colleagues from both the Texas institution and The University of Alabama. They wanted to measure state affect, which refers to a person’s immediate emotional experience, alongside changing levels of circulating exerkines.
The study involved 88 young adult participants who were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. One group participated in aerobic exercises, while the other group took part in mind-body routines. Participants in the aerobic group completed two separate 30-minute sessions on a stationary bicycle, returning to the laboratory after a one-week delay.
During one cycling session, subjects pedaled with moderate resistance to maintain their heart rates at roughly 70 to 75 percent of their maximum capacity. For their other session, participants pedaled slowly without resistance, keeping their heart rates below half of their maximum.
The mind-body group followed a parallel schedule, completing two distinct half-hour routines guided by pre-recorded videos. One session featured a low-intensity, posture-based yoga practice that included mindfulness cues, breath awareness, and a final relaxation period. The alternative routine consisted entirely of basic stretching exercises without any meditation instructions.
Before and immediately after the exercises, the research team asked subjects to rate their momentary anxiety levels and their positive and negative emotional states. Medical staff also measured the participants’ blood pressure and drew blood through venipuncture. Lab technicians later analyzed these blood samples to detect exact concentrations of AEA, 2-AG, and BDNF.
Collecting the blood at distinct intervals allowed the team to capture the immediate biological aftermath of the activity. Venipuncture took place in a designated phlebotomy room within the laboratory, minimizing any external stress that might skew the results. The samples were then processed in a centrifuge and frozen at extremely low temperatures before being shipped to a specialized laboratory in Germany for rigorous analysis. This biological tracking provides a deeper look into the body than psychological surveys alone.
The protocol also featured a specialized cognitive challenge to test learning and memory. Before hitting the exercise bike or the yoga mat, participants viewed images on a computer screen and learned to associate specific visual contexts with the likelihood of receiving a mild physical shock.
After finishing their workout and providing a second blood sample, participants completed a follow-up assessment. They had to recognize the previous contexts without the explicit labels and recall which images were novel or familiar. Researchers included this phase to see if the chemical changes brought on by physical activity would enhance memory consolidation.
When analyzing the blood samples, Leri and his team found that only the moderate-intensity cycling session distinctly altered endocannabinoid levels. The concentration of AEA in the bloodstream rose after the continuous, heart-pumping workout. Neither low-intensity cycling, yoga, nor stretching produced measurable changes in AEA.
The scientists did not observe changes in the other endocannabinoid, 2-AG, across any of the experimental conditions. Even the moderate aerobic session failed to increase this specific molecule. Levels of the BDNF protein were similarly unaffected by all four routines, contradicting previous studies that noted immediate BDNF spikes following moderately strenuous workouts.
While the biological signals varied, the psychological rewards were much more universal. All four activities effectively decreased feelings of negative emotion and state anxiety across the board. Simply moving the body for a half hour, regardless of the format or intensity, helped participants shed tension.
Positive emotions displayed a slightly different pattern. The moderate cycling, the yoga flow, and the stretching routine all increased participants’ positive emotional states. In contrast, the low-intensity cycling group did not yield statistically significant improvements in positive affect.
The data also revealed a link between the shifting exerkine molecules and mood. Among the participants who experienced the largest increases in circulating AEA, researchers recorded parallel boosts in positive emotional states. Neither the endocannabinoids nor the BDNF levels showed any relationship to how well participants performed on the memory test.
The research team had anticipated that individuals with the highest exerkine levels would demonstrate superior memory retention during the contextual threat assessment. However, the data revealed no relationship between the internal biological markers and cognitive performance. The researchers suspect that the short time window between the initial learning and the follow-up test might have hindered their ability to detect actual memory consolidation effects. True consolidation processes often take place over days rather than hours.
The authors noted a few underlying factors that might explain some of the unexpected biological outcomes. The lack of a BDNF response during the moderate aerobic sessions could relate to the specific duration of the workout. The protocol required 20 minutes of continuous moderate exertion, which might be too brief to launch the metabolic triggers required to release the protein.
Additionally, the designated yoga routine was intentionally designed to be gentle and accessible for people of all fitness levels. Traditional yoga encompasses a vast spectrum of practices, and vigorous sequences might produce entirely different physiological demands. The current findings specifically reflect a low-impact session rather than an exhausting, sweat-inducing flow.
Leri and his colleagues suggest that future studies should test more strenuous yoga routines to see if they can match the cardiovascular strain of moderate cycling. Expanding the pool of research subjects to include older adults and individuals with specific psychiatric conditions would also help scientists tailor exercise recommendations. Different populations may require distinct movement prescriptions to maximize the mental health benefits of physical activity.
The study, “Contributions of yoga and aerobic exercise to acute changes in state affect, circulating BDNF and eCB concentrations, and memory,” was authored by John Leri, Kevin M. Crombie, Luna Malloy, Lily Wang, Paige Broski, and Josh M. Cisler.
URL: https://www.psypost.org/how-different-types-of-exercise-impact-mood-and-brain-chemistry/
-------------------------------------------------
Private, vetted email list for mental health professionals: https://www.clinicians-exchange.org
Unofficial Psychology Today Xitter to toot feed at Psych Today Unofficial Bot @PTUnofficialBot
-------------------------------------------------
#psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #exerciseandmood #BDNF #endocannabinoids #AEA #2AG #aerobicexercise #yoga #exerkines #memoryandemotion #psychoneuroendocrinology
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DATE: July 17, 2026 at 06:00PM
SOURCE: PSYPOST.ORG** Research quality varies widely from fantastic to small exploratory studies. Please check research methods when conclusions are very important to you. **
-------------------------------------------------TITLE: How different types of exercise impact mood and brain chemistry
URL: https://www.psypost.org/how-different-types-of-exercise-impact-mood-and-brain-chemistry/
Aerobic routines and mind-body practices like yoga both relieve anxiety and lift momentary moods, but getting the heart pumping is necessary to trigger the release of certain biological molecules. These results, published in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology, show that while diverse workout routines offer psychological benefits, the underlying internal processes vary by activity.
Physical activity sets off a cascade of physiological responses throughout the human body. Among these reactions is the release of exerkines, which are signaling molecules secreted into the bloodstream by tissues during exertion. Researchers study these molecules to understand exactly how working out improves mental health and cognitive function.
Two major categories of exerkines are endocannabinoids and a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor, often abbreviated as BDNF. Endocannabinoids, primarily molecules known as AEA and 2-AG, bind to the same nervous system receptors as the active compounds in cannabis. These naturally produced chemicals help regulate pain, mood, and stress responses.
The BDNF protein supports the survival of existing neurons and encourages the growth of new connections in the brain. Mental health professionals frequently seek to harness these biological mechanisms to assist with treatments. Therapists use interventions like exposure therapy to help patients overcome severe anxiety, a process that requires the brain to form new, safe memories. Scientists are investigating whether a quick bout of exercise immediately after a therapy session can flood the brain with exerkines and cement those memories.
These internal chemicals are often credited for the euphoric feeling commonly known as a runner’s high. In people with psychiatric conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder, the baseline levels of these molecules are frequently altered. These individuals also tend to show smaller biological responses to behavioral interventions, suggesting that altered chemical signaling plays a role in psychological distress. Restoring this balance through movement offers a promising pathway for psychiatric care.
Past research has established that sweating through a moderate aerobic workout can reliably elevate levels of circulating exerkines. Less is known about whether alternative, lower-impact activities provide similar physiological boosts. Some clinical populations face physical or motivational barriers that prevent them from engaging in traditional cardiovascular workouts. This makes accessible options like yoga highly appealing for psychiatric treatment plans.
A team of investigators sought to address this gap by directly comparing the psychological and biological impacts of specific exercise modalities. John Leri, a researcher at the Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, led the project alongside colleagues from both the Texas institution and The University of Alabama. They wanted to measure state affect, which refers to a person’s immediate emotional experience, alongside changing levels of circulating exerkines.
The study involved 88 young adult participants who were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. One group participated in aerobic exercises, while the other group took part in mind-body routines. Participants in the aerobic group completed two separate 30-minute sessions on a stationary bicycle, returning to the laboratory after a one-week delay.
During one cycling session, subjects pedaled with moderate resistance to maintain their heart rates at roughly 70 to 75 percent of their maximum capacity. For their other session, participants pedaled slowly without resistance, keeping their heart rates below half of their maximum.
The mind-body group followed a parallel schedule, completing two distinct half-hour routines guided by pre-recorded videos. One session featured a low-intensity, posture-based yoga practice that included mindfulness cues, breath awareness, and a final relaxation period. The alternative routine consisted entirely of basic stretching exercises without any meditation instructions.
Before and immediately after the exercises, the research team asked subjects to rate their momentary anxiety levels and their positive and negative emotional states. Medical staff also measured the participants’ blood pressure and drew blood through venipuncture. Lab technicians later analyzed these blood samples to detect exact concentrations of AEA, 2-AG, and BDNF.
Collecting the blood at distinct intervals allowed the team to capture the immediate biological aftermath of the activity. Venipuncture took place in a designated phlebotomy room within the laboratory, minimizing any external stress that might skew the results. The samples were then processed in a centrifuge and frozen at extremely low temperatures before being shipped to a specialized laboratory in Germany for rigorous analysis. This biological tracking provides a deeper look into the body than psychological surveys alone.
The protocol also featured a specialized cognitive challenge to test learning and memory. Before hitting the exercise bike or the yoga mat, participants viewed images on a computer screen and learned to associate specific visual contexts with the likelihood of receiving a mild physical shock.
After finishing their workout and providing a second blood sample, participants completed a follow-up assessment. They had to recognize the previous contexts without the explicit labels and recall which images were novel or familiar. Researchers included this phase to see if the chemical changes brought on by physical activity would enhance memory consolidation.
When analyzing the blood samples, Leri and his team found that only the moderate-intensity cycling session distinctly altered endocannabinoid levels. The concentration of AEA in the bloodstream rose after the continuous, heart-pumping workout. Neither low-intensity cycling, yoga, nor stretching produced measurable changes in AEA.
The scientists did not observe changes in the other endocannabinoid, 2-AG, across any of the experimental conditions. Even the moderate aerobic session failed to increase this specific molecule. Levels of the BDNF protein were similarly unaffected by all four routines, contradicting previous studies that noted immediate BDNF spikes following moderately strenuous workouts.
While the biological signals varied, the psychological rewards were much more universal. All four activities effectively decreased feelings of negative emotion and state anxiety across the board. Simply moving the body for a half hour, regardless of the format or intensity, helped participants shed tension.
Positive emotions displayed a slightly different pattern. The moderate cycling, the yoga flow, and the stretching routine all increased participants’ positive emotional states. In contrast, the low-intensity cycling group did not yield statistically significant improvements in positive affect.
The data also revealed a link between the shifting exerkine molecules and mood. Among the participants who experienced the largest increases in circulating AEA, researchers recorded parallel boosts in positive emotional states. Neither the endocannabinoids nor the BDNF levels showed any relationship to how well participants performed on the memory test.
The research team had anticipated that individuals with the highest exerkine levels would demonstrate superior memory retention during the contextual threat assessment. However, the data revealed no relationship between the internal biological markers and cognitive performance. The researchers suspect that the short time window between the initial learning and the follow-up test might have hindered their ability to detect actual memory consolidation effects. True consolidation processes often take place over days rather than hours.
The authors noted a few underlying factors that might explain some of the unexpected biological outcomes. The lack of a BDNF response during the moderate aerobic sessions could relate to the specific duration of the workout. The protocol required 20 minutes of continuous moderate exertion, which might be too brief to launch the metabolic triggers required to release the protein.
Additionally, the designated yoga routine was intentionally designed to be gentle and accessible for people of all fitness levels. Traditional yoga encompasses a vast spectrum of practices, and vigorous sequences might produce entirely different physiological demands. The current findings specifically reflect a low-impact session rather than an exhausting, sweat-inducing flow.
Leri and his colleagues suggest that future studies should test more strenuous yoga routines to see if they can match the cardiovascular strain of moderate cycling. Expanding the pool of research subjects to include older adults and individuals with specific psychiatric conditions would also help scientists tailor exercise recommendations. Different populations may require distinct movement prescriptions to maximize the mental health benefits of physical activity.
The study, “Contributions of yoga and aerobic exercise to acute changes in state affect, circulating BDNF and eCB concentrations, and memory,” was authored by John Leri, Kevin M. Crombie, Luna Malloy, Lily Wang, Paige Broski, and Josh M. Cisler.
URL: https://www.psypost.org/how-different-types-of-exercise-impact-mood-and-brain-chemistry/
-------------------------------------------------
Private, vetted email list for mental health professionals: https://www.clinicians-exchange.org
Unofficial Psychology Today Xitter to toot feed at Psych Today Unofficial Bot @PTUnofficialBot
-------------------------------------------------
#psychology #counseling #socialwork #psychotherapy @psychotherapist @psychotherapists @psychology @socialpsych @socialwork @psychiatry #mentalhealth #psychiatry #healthcare #depression #psychotherapist #exerciseandmood #BDNF #endocannabinoids #AEA #2AG #aerobicexercise #yoga #exerkines #memoryandemotion #psychoneuroendocrinology
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Amazon and ChatGPT have their limits, #AEA is inexhaustible.
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L’Agenzia ambientale all’Ue: “Interventi urgenti o i costi della alluvioni aumenteranno”
"Si prevede che nei prossimi decenni il rischio di alluvioni in #Europa sarà più elevato e i danni economici saranno maggiori”, scrive l’ #Aea. “Con le giuste misure, possiamo ridurre la probabilità che si verifichino alluvioni e limitarne l’impatto. La gestione del rischio può essere affiancata dalla protezione e dal ripristino della natura”.
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Desde el pasado sábado, 28 de junio, está en vigor el Acta Europea de Accesibilidad (AEA) por el cual, productos y servicios clave como teléfonos, ordenadores, libros electrónicos, servicios bancarios y comunicaciones electrónicas deben ser accesibles para las personas con discapacidad.
#Accesibilidad #Accesibilidad #ActaEuropeaDeAccesibilidad #AEA #DirectivaEuropea
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Desde el pasado sábado, 28 de junio, está en vigor el Acta Europea de Accesibilidad (AEA) por el cual, productos y servicios clave como teléfonos, ordenadores, libros electrónicos, servicios bancarios y comunicaciones electrónicas deben ser accesibles para las personas con discapacidad.
#Accesibilidad #Accesibilidad #ActaEuropeaDeAccesibilidad #AEA #DirectivaEuropea
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About 20 minutes later, Reuveni emailed #DHS & #State Dept officials that “no one subject to #AEA in our custody can be removed.”
The email continued: “And anyone in the air should be returned, unless they have” a different legal authorization for #deportation. Lawyers for those 2 agencies did not respond to his email.
A short time later, he followed up with another email insisting, “we need to address this asap to avoid contempt,” but again, received no response.
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About 20 minutes later, Reuveni emailed #DHS & #State Dept officials that “no one subject to #AEA in our custody can be removed.”
The email continued: “And anyone in the air should be returned, unless they have” a different legal authorization for #deportation. Lawyers for those 2 agencies did not respond to his email.
A short time later, he followed up with another email insisting, “we need to address this asap to avoid contempt,” but again, received no response.
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That answer, according to Reuveni’s account, was false. “Ensign had been present in the previous day’s meeting when #EmilBove stated clearly that one or more planes containing individuals subject to the #AEA would be taking off over the weekend no matter what,” the account states.
While Ensign represented the government in court, Reuveni listened by phone, sending updates to lawyers at the Departments of #State & #HomelandSecurity.
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That answer, according to Reuveni’s account, was false. “Ensign had been present in the previous day’s meeting when #EmilBove stated clearly that one or more planes containing individuals subject to the #AEA would be taking off over the weekend no matter what,” the account states.
While Ensign represented the government in court, Reuveni listened by phone, sending updates to lawyers at the Departments of #State & #HomelandSecurity.
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But behind the scenes, a political appointee told a career ofcl to rework the assessment, a direction that allies of the #intelligence analyst said amounted to pressure to change the findings.
#Trump on March 15 invoked the #law, the #AlienEnemiesAct, to summarily remove people accused of being members of the gang, TdA. The #AEA requires a foreign state’s involvement, & Trump claimed #Venezuela’s govt directed the gang to commit crimes in the US.
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But behind the scenes, a political appointee told a career ofcl to rework the assessment, a direction that allies of the #intelligence analyst said amounted to pressure to change the findings.
#Trump on March 15 invoked the #law, the #AlienEnemiesAct, to summarily remove people accused of being members of the gang, TdA. The #AEA requires a foreign state’s involvement, & Trump claimed #Venezuela’s govt directed the gang to commit crimes in the US.
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#SCOTUS sets up how the litigation will proceed.
The #Trump admin is BARRED from deporting people held in WDTX under the #AlienEnemiesAct pending #SupremeCourt review. The #5thCircuit is ordered to rule not just on #DueProcess, but ALSO on the #underlying merits of the #AEA proclamation.
#law #immigration #Rendition #StateSponsoredAbduction #Constitution #CivilRights #HumanRights #Judiciary #SeparationOfPowers #AbuseOfPower
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#SCOTUS sets up how the litigation will proceed.
The #Trump admin is BARRED from deporting people held in WDTX under the #AlienEnemiesAct pending #SupremeCourt review. The #5thCircuit is ordered to rule not just on #DueProcess, but ALSO on the #underlying merits of the #AEA proclamation.
#law #immigration #Rendition #StateSponsoredAbduction #Constitution #CivilRights #HumanRights #Judiciary #SeparationOfPowers #AbuseOfPower
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One of weakest parts of Judge Haines' #AlienEnemiesAct ruling:
"The Court will accept as true President Trump's conclusion, via the Proclamation, that TdA is acting 'at the direction...of the Maduro regime'"
Unjustified abdication of #judicial role.
And despite US #intelligence saying otherwise. -
One of weakest parts of Judge Haines' #AlienEnemiesAct ruling:
"The Court will accept as true President Trump's conclusion, via the Proclamation, that TdA is acting 'at the direction...of the Maduro regime'"
Unjustified abdication of #judicial role.
And despite US #intelligence saying otherwise. -
The DCT simply seems to confuse (repeatedly) the idea that
1) detainees must seek discharges through #habeas with
2) the only habeas relief is discharge.
There’s another practical problem. Even though the #Trump admin has lost class certification issues everywhere else, it only takes one.
If the refusal to certify the class in NDTX sticks, then - dollars to donuts - the admin is going to funnel all of the #AEA detainees there, & it will subsequently remove them to #CECOT.
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The DCT simply seems to confuse (repeatedly) the idea that
1) detainees must seek discharges through #habeas with
2) the only habeas relief is discharge.
There’s another practical problem. Even though the #Trump admin has lost class certification issues everywhere else, it only takes one.
If the refusal to certify the class in NDTX sticks, then - dollars to donuts - the admin is going to funnel all of the #AEA detainees there, & it will subsequently remove them to #CECOT.
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In JGG v. Trump–the case in which #SCOTUS sent the #AEA litigation out of the DC District–SCOTUS specifically said that #habeas could be used to review &, if necessary, preclude AEA removal. It’s not limited to discharge.
In fact, JGG seemed to indicate the case had to be treated as habeas litigation BECAUSE it sought “injunctive & declaratory relief against the implementation of, & [detainee] removal under, the Proclamation.”
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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In JGG v. Trump–the case in which #SCOTUS sent the #AEA litigation out of the DC District–SCOTUS specifically said that #habeas could be used to review &, if necessary, preclude AEA removal. It’s not limited to discharge.
In fact, JGG seemed to indicate the case had to be treated as habeas litigation BECAUSE it sought “injunctive & declaratory relief against the implementation of, & [detainee] removal under, the Proclamation.”
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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The DCT seems to suggest that it’s denying class certifications to protect the interests of the #AEA detainees. But there is just no threat of preclusion that the DCT needs to PROTECT AGAINST.
Third, the court expressed doubt about whether there can be injunctions & declaratory relief in cases with #habeas claims. Instead, the DCT seems to believe, habeas relief is for discharge only. Again, I’m confused.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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The DCT seems to suggest that it’s denying class certifications to protect the interests of the #AEA detainees. But there is just no threat of preclusion that the DCT needs to PROTECT AGAINST.
Third, the court expressed doubt about whether there can be injunctions & declaratory relief in cases with #habeas claims. Instead, the DCT seems to believe, habeas relief is for discharge only. Again, I’m confused.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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3) does the #AEA Proclamation unlawfully circumvent #immigration procedures specified in Title 8;
4) do AEA detainee destinations require screenings for torture; &
5) are the Government’s notice procedures constitutional?
The DCT opinion denying class treatment of these common issues involves many black-letter legal mistakes. Here’s 3. These are flat-out mistakes, not questions subject to reasonable disagreement amongst fairminded lawyers.
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3) does the #AEA Proclamation unlawfully circumvent #immigration procedures specified in Title 8;
4) do AEA detainee destinations require screenings for torture; &
5) are the Government’s notice procedures constitutional?
The DCT opinion denying class treatment of these common issues involves many black-letter legal mistakes. Here’s 3. These are flat-out mistakes, not questions subject to reasonable disagreement amongst fairminded lawyers.
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The DCT opinion is also problematic legally regarding the appropriateness of class treatment under the federal rules.
There are at least 5 legal issues that are plainly common to the #AEA class:
1) is the AEA Proclamation invalid for want of an “invasion” or “predatory incursion;”
2) is the Proclamation invalid because TdA isn’t an alter ego of the Venezuelan government;
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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The DCT opinion is also problematic legally regarding the appropriateness of class treatment under the federal rules.
There are at least 5 legal issues that are plainly common to the #AEA class:
1) is the AEA Proclamation invalid for want of an “invasion” or “predatory incursion;”
2) is the Proclamation invalid because TdA isn’t an alter ego of the Venezuelan government;
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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The idea still seems to be that these people would file #habeas petitions in this window pro se.
The #AEA proclamation was issued 2 months ago, & NOT A SINGLE AEA detainee has been able to file a habeas petition on their own.
NOT ONE.The idea that courts can meaningfully disrupt unlawful removal through individualized notice & initiative – & without access to class counsel – is absurd on its face.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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The idea still seems to be that these people would file #habeas petitions in this window pro se.
The #AEA proclamation was issued 2 months ago, & NOT A SINGLE AEA detainee has been able to file a habeas petition on their own.
NOT ONE.The idea that courts can meaningfully disrupt unlawful removal through individualized notice & initiative – & without access to class counsel – is absurd on its face.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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But let’s be clear about what’s happening.
The government plans to remove people - many of whom don’t speak English - who don’t file legal claims within 12-24 hours of receiving an English-language notice of their removal.
Aside from the fact that many #AEA detainees don’t speak the language in which the notices are written, the notices don’t seem to tell the AEA detainees how to contest their designation & removal at all.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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But let’s be clear about what’s happening.
The government plans to remove people - many of whom don’t speak English - who don’t file legal claims within 12-24 hours of receiving an English-language notice of their removal.
Aside from the fact that many #AEA detainees don’t speak the language in which the notices are written, the notices don’t seem to tell the AEA detainees how to contest their designation & removal at all.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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Without class treatment, #AEA detainees are going to get shipped to #CECOT in #ElSalvador credibly accused of permitting torture.
And they will get shipped there without a meaningful attempt to assert their rights.
The district court seems to credit the govt’s suggestion that detainee rights against unlawful #rendition to CECOT can be adequately protected without class treatment.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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Without class treatment, #AEA detainees are going to get shipped to #CECOT in #ElSalvador credibly accused of permitting torture.
And they will get shipped there without a meaningful attempt to assert their rights.
The district court seems to credit the govt’s suggestion that detainee rights against unlawful #rendition to CECOT can be adequately protected without class treatment.
#Trump #AlienEnemiesAct #immigration #law #judiciary #DueProcess
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Via Lee Kovarsky
NEW #AlienEnemiesAct problem (Denial of #Habeas class treatment)
Remember when #SCOTUS issued a 1AM order “not to remove any member of the putative class of detainees…until further order of this Court?”
These were noncitizens housed in Texas & subject to removal under the #AEA.
The district court in that case (WMM) just became the first (out of 6) to deny class certification–in an order issued while the case was otherwise pending before SCOTUS.
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Via Lee Kovarsky
NEW #AlienEnemiesAct problem (Denial of #Habeas class treatment)
Remember when #SCOTUS issued a 1AM order “not to remove any member of the putative class of detainees…until further order of this Court?”
These were noncitizens housed in Texas & subject to removal under the #AEA.
The district court in that case (WMM) just became the first (out of 6) to deny class certification–in an order issued while the case was otherwise pending before SCOTUS.
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“Every other district court faced w/this issue has certified a district-wide habeas class to address the threshold claims challenging the Proclamation. See, e.g., JAV v. #Trump… (granting summary judgment to certified district-wide habeas class on ground the Proclamation exceeds the President's authority under the #AEA given the absence of an ‘invasion’ or ‘predatory incursion.’ every other lower court to consider the issue has enjoined removals under the AEA while judicial review proceeds.”
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“Every other district court faced w/this issue has certified a district-wide habeas class to address the threshold claims challenging the Proclamation. See, e.g., JAV v. #Trump… (granting summary judgment to certified district-wide habeas class on ground the Proclamation exceeds the President's authority under the #AEA given the absence of an ‘invasion’ or ‘predatory incursion.’ every other lower court to consider the issue has enjoined removals under the AEA while judicial review proceeds.”
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#Boasberg: your stronger argument is justiciability, not the interpretation of the #AEA?
#DOJ: no, we do believe we have the better of [both arguments]
Boasberg: let's move on to remedy. Mr. Gelernt, Assume I find custody & find violation. for the #CECOT class, you've said remedy is to facilitate their return. But there's other remedies. giving them notice & hearings there. or moving them to #Guantanamo. but then we're back in INA land.(Conventional #Immigration & Nationality Act proceedings.)
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#Boasberg: your stronger argument is justiciability, not the interpretation of the #AEA?
#DOJ: no, we do believe we have the better of [both arguments]
Boasberg: let's move on to remedy. Mr. Gelernt, Assume I find custody & find violation. for the #CECOT class, you've said remedy is to facilitate their return. But there's other remedies. giving them notice & hearings there. or moving them to #Guantanamo. but then we're back in INA land.(Conventional #Immigration & Nationality Act proceedings.)
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#DOJ: they did say it's largely #immune from #legal review.
#Boasberg: your clients are saying scotus upheld the proclamation
DOJ: it did allow the proclamation to take effect
Boasberg: [reading from #SCOTUS ruling] "we do not reach those arguments." It didn't decide one way or other.
DOJ: but did say there was very limited review.
Boasberg: so it's your view all these #judges are just wrong & #Trump did validly invoke #AEA?
DOJ: ... govt will appeal
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#DOJ: they did say it's largely #immune from #legal review.
#Boasberg: your clients are saying scotus upheld the proclamation
DOJ: it did allow the proclamation to take effect
Boasberg: [reading from #SCOTUS ruling] "we do not reach those arguments." It didn't decide one way or other.
DOJ: but did say there was very limited review.
Boasberg: so it's your view all these #judges are just wrong & #Trump did validly invoke #AEA?
DOJ: ... govt will appeal
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#Boasberg: you've essentially admitted their rights were violated. if they're in constructive custody, what's the remedy?
#DOJ: ...
Boasberg: now we've got #judges in #SDNY, #SDTex, #DColo, plus a circuit judge in #DC all finding that invasion & predatory incursion have #military connotations so proclamation did not properly invoke #AEA. agree that's where things stand?
DOJ: yes.
Boasberg: #SCOTUS never said AEA was properly invoked.
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#Boasberg: you've essentially admitted their rights were violated. if they're in constructive custody, what's the remedy?
#DOJ: ...
Boasberg: now we've got #judges in #SDNY, #SDTex, #DColo, plus a circuit judge in #DC all finding that invasion & predatory incursion have #military connotations so proclamation did not properly invoke #AEA. agree that's where things stand?
DOJ: yes.
Boasberg: #SCOTUS never said AEA was properly invoked.
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#Boasberg: If i find proclamation did not properly invoke #AEA at all?
Gelernt: then they should all come back.
Boasberg turns back to #DOJ. You certainly agree w/ #SCOTUS they need to receive meaningful notice.
DOJ: Yes, that was prospective relief. from that moment onward.
Boasberg: agree they got no #DueProcess?
DOJ: i can't say it was the same as they'd get right now.
Boasberg: so transferring them to CECOT w/o process, scotus says due process required...
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#Boasberg: If i find proclamation did not properly invoke #AEA at all?
Gelernt: then they should all come back.
Boasberg turns back to #DOJ. You certainly agree w/ #SCOTUS they need to receive meaningful notice.
DOJ: Yes, that was prospective relief. from that moment onward.
Boasberg: agree they got no #DueProcess?
DOJ: i can't say it was the same as they'd get right now.
Boasberg: so transferring them to CECOT w/o process, scotus says due process required...
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#Boasberg: okay, [switching to the #CECOT class], did they get any notice at all?
Gelernt: we don't know. some may have gotten a notice ...but it said there was *no review*. that's what AG's guidance was ...
Boasberg: so #DueProcess does provide you w/meaningful opportunity to file #HabeasCorpus. are you getting that now?
Gelernt: we would have to have each individual at CECOT have opportunity to prove they weren't gang members, or for govt to prove they were.
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#Boasberg: okay, [switching to the #CECOT class], did they get any notice at all?
Gelernt: we don't know. some may have gotten a notice ...but it said there was *no review*. that's what AG's guidance was ...
Boasberg: so #DueProcess does provide you w/meaningful opportunity to file #HabeasCorpus. are you getting that now?
Gelernt: we would have to have each individual at CECOT have opportunity to prove they weren't gang members, or for govt to prove they were.
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#DOJ: boils down to whether #US has agency...
#Boasberg: you're saying if i find constructive custody, there's venue here in DC?
DOJ: [first] you have to determine you have venue
Boasberg: if there is constructive custody then venue's appropriate here?
DOJ: yes, your honor.
Boasberg: in looking at constructive custody … didn't #Trump say just last week that he could secure return of #KilmarAbregoGarcia by just picking up the phone? was he not telling the truth?
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#DOJ: boils down to whether #US has agency...
#Boasberg: you're saying if i find constructive custody, there's venue here in DC?
DOJ: [first] you have to determine you have venue
Boasberg: if there is constructive custody then venue's appropriate here?
DOJ: yes, your honor.
Boasberg: in looking at constructive custody … didn't #Trump say just last week that he could secure return of #KilmarAbregoGarcia by just picking up the phone? was he not telling the truth?
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New
Federal Judge Hellerstein preliminarily ENJOINS enforcement of #AlienEnemiesAct proclamation in #SDNY.
1. no "invasion."
2. no "incursion"
3. Attempt to enforce "immediate ... removal" of alleged Tren de Aragua members violates #DueProcess & terms of #AEA itself.
#immigration #law #Trump #AbuseOfPower
https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.640153/gov.uscourts.nysd.640153.84.0.pdf -
New
Federal Judge Hellerstein preliminarily ENJOINS enforcement of #AlienEnemiesAct proclamation in #SDNY.
1. no "invasion."
2. no "incursion"
3. Attempt to enforce "immediate ... removal" of alleged Tren de Aragua members violates #DueProcess & terms of #AEA itself.
#immigration #law #Trump #AbuseOfPower
https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.640153/gov.uscourts.nysd.640153.84.0.pdf -
Full decision here
“the President's invocation of the #AEA through the Proclamation EXCEEDS THE SCOPE of the statute & is contrary to the plain, ordinary meaning of the statute's terms. As a result, the Court concludes that as a matter of #law, the #ExecutiveBranch cannot rely on the AEA, based on the Proclamation, to detain the Named Petitioners & the certified class, or to remove them from the country.”
