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AAWE WORKING PAPER #293: “An Overlooked Corner of the Fine Wine Market: Secondary Market Performance of Vintage Madeira” by Josh De Freitas. Free access: https://wine-economics.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/AAWE_WP293.pdf #madeira
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Battle-worn Italian troops carrying wine in Abyssinia (historical name for Ethiopia), Nov 23, 1935. Italy invaded and conquered Ethiopia in 1935–36 under Mussolini, using overwhelming force including poison gas to build an African empire, while the League of Nations proved powerless to stop it.
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Only 2 years ago! To comply with #WTO rules, #Russia's 2020 wine #excise tax reform set equal excise tax rates on domestic & imported #wine, as well as new taxes on #grapes & wine materials. Tax reductions for preferential categories, e.g., wine from protected geographical designations were abolished #excisetax
https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=Russia%20Wine%20Market%20Overview_Moscow%20ATO_Russian%20Federation_04-21-2021.pdf